Cited by 495Family Dynamics and RelationshipsChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentParental Involvement in Education

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 25 of the 25 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

DOES “HOVERING” MATTER? HELICOPTER PARENTING AND ITS EFFECT ON WELL-BEING

LeMoyne, Terri, Buchanan, Tom·2011·Sociological Spectrum

DOI 10.1080/02732173.2011.574038

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The phenomenon popularly referred to as helicopter parenting refers to an overinvolvement of parents in their children's lives. This concept has typically been used to describe parents of college-aged young adults. Despite much anecdotal evidence, little is known about its existence and consequences from an empirical perspective. Using a sample of college students at a university in the United States (N = 317), the exploration and measurement of this concept is examined. Results of factor analysis of helicopter parenting items constructed for this study support the use of the scale. Results suggest helicopter parenting is negatively related to psychological well-being and positively related to prescription medication use for anxiety/depression and the recreational consumption of pain pills.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1080/02732173.2011.574038

Cites

25 of 25 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Coefficient Alpha and the Internal Structure of Tests
Cronbach, L. J. (1951) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02310555 · Cited by 43,931
Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being.
Ryff, C. D. (1989) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069 · Cited by 14,847
Psychometric theory (2nd ed.).
Sitgreaves, R. (1979) · Contemporary Psychology · doi:10.1037/018882 · Cited by 14,384
On Happiness and Human Potentials: A Review of Research on Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2001) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.141 · Cited by 11,567
The structure of psychological well-being revisited.
Ryff, C. D., & Keyes, C. L. M. (1995) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.69.4.719 · Cited by 10,285
Chronicle of Higher Education
Cohen, D. (1998) · The Women s Review of Books · doi:10.2307/4022859 · Cited by 4,321
The influence of parenting style on adolescent competence and substance use
Baumrind, D. (1991) · The Journal of Early Adolescence · doi:10.1177/0272431691111004 · Cited by 3,985
Optimizing well-being: The empirical encounter of two traditions.
Keyes, C. L. M., Shmotkin, D., & Ryff, C. D. (2002) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.82.6.1007 · Cited by 3,322 · cited 1×
“In two previous studies of psychological well-being using the Midlife in the United States Study, fewer items were also used to measure each dimension (Keyes et al. 2002; Ryff et al. 2003).”
Method
EFFECTS OF AUTHORITATIVE PARENTAL CONTROL ON CHILD BEHAVIOR
Baumrind, D. (1966) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1126611 · Cited by 3,288
Millennials Rising: The Next Great Generation
Howe, N., & Strauss, W. (2000) · Cited by 2,536

Show all 25 references

Research works printed but not linked: 10

Learner R., 1991, The Encyclopedia on Adolescence, 746
Booher Bridget., 2007, Duke Magazine, 97, 1
Carroll Felix., 2007, Albany Times Union
Esposito Greg., 2006, The Roanoke Times
Graves Lucia., 2007, US News and World Report
Kantrowitz Barbara, 2006, Newsweek Magazine
Nunnally Jum C., 1978, Psychometric Theory,
Ryff Carol D., 1995, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 719, 10.1037/0022-3514.69.4.719 · DOI · Paper page
Schweitzer Sarah., 2005, The Boston Globe
Strauss Valerie., 2006, The Washington Post

Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 495

Educational identity and maternal helicopter parenting: Moderation by the perceptions of environmental threat
Wang, Y., Hawk, S. T., & Branje, S. (2023) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1111/jora.12884 · Cited by 14
Antecedents of school burnout: A longitudinal mediation study
Cengiz, S., & Peker, A. (2024) · Social Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s11218-024-09887-2 · Cited by 15
Helicopter Parenting and Chinese University Students’ Adjustment: The Mediation of Autonomy and Moderation of the Sense of Entitlement
Gao, W., Hou, Y., Nelson, L. J., Xu, Y., & Meng, L. (2024) · Journal of Adult Development · doi:10.1007/s10804-024-09483-w · Cited by 9
Parents who interfere with their children’s career choices: a path analysis model investigating risk and protective factors for students’ burnout and depression
Angelini, G., Buonomo, I., & Fiorilli, C. (2025) · International Journal of Adolescence and Youth · doi:10.1080/02673843.2025.2458079 · Cited by 14
The role of paternal and maternal warmth and hostility on daughter’s psychosocial outcomes: The insidious effects of father warmth combined with high paternal hostility
Dmitrieva, J., & Espel, E. V. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.930371 · Cited by 9
Parenting of Adult Children: A Neglected Area of Parenting Studies
Kirby, J. N., & Hoang, A. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-94598-9_29 · Cited by 9
Parental bonding as a predictor of hope in adolescents
Izzaty, R. E., & Ayriza, Y. (2021) · Psikohumaniora Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi · doi:10.21580/pjpp.v6i1.7981 · Cited by 9
Helikopter Anababalık ve Gençler Üzerindeki Gelişimsel Etkileri
GÜÇLÜ, C. H., & Çok, F. (2021) · Çocuk ve Gelişim Dergisi · doi:10.36731/cg.819709 · Cited by 10
Cutting the cord? Parenting emerging adults with chronic pain
Lunde, C. E., Fisher, E., Donovan, E., Serbic, D., & Sieberg, C. B. (2022) · Paediatric and Neonatal Pain · doi:10.1002/pne2.12072 · Cited by 10
Time trends in associations between neighbourhood and school characteristics and mental health problems among Dutch adolescents
Brons, M. E., Helbich, M., Bolt, G., Visser, K., & Stevens, G. W. J. M. (2023) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103140 · Cited by 9
Effects of Helicopter Parenting on Depression in Female Emerging Adults : Examining the Mediating Role of Adaptive and Maladaptive Perfectionism
Hong, M.-H., & Doh, H.-S. (2018) · Korean Journal of Child Studies · doi:10.5723/kjcs.2018.39.6.143 · Cited by 9
Zbirka psihologijskih skala i upitnika: svezak 12
Macuka, I., Nekić, M., Ombla, J., Šimunić, A., & Vidaković, M. (2024) · doi:10.15291/9789533314938 · Cited by 9
Helicopter parenting, autonomy support, and young adults’ psychological adjustment in Turkey: the mediating role of psychological control
Alsancak-Akbulut, C., & Akik, B. K. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-06107-0 · Cited by 9
Parental interference in adolescents' choices and depressive symptoms: the role of self-efficacy, school anxiety, engagement, and burnout in a structural equation model
Angelini, G., Buonomo, I., & Fiorilli, C. (2026) · European Journal of Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s10212-025-01060-3 · Cited by 10
Situationism and the Neglect of Negative Moral Education
Messina, J. P., & Surprenant, C. W. (2015) · Ethical Theory and Moral Practice · doi:10.1007/s10677-014-9558-0 · Cited by 8
How over-parenting impedes individual career exploration: a goal disengagement perspective
Wen, B., Zhang, M., Zhang, L., Zhou, Y., & Li, X. (2023) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-023-01163-w · Cited by 11
An Investigation of Helicopter Parenting and Interpersonal Conflict in a Competitive College Climate
Nie, T., Cai, M., & Chen, Y. (2023) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11101484 · Cited by 13
DEĞİŞEN DÜNYADA YENİ BİR EBEVEYNLİK YAKLAŞIMI: HELİKOPTER EBEVEYNLİK
Özdemir, M. B. (2023) · Alanyazın · doi:10.59320/alanyazin.1286311 · Cited by 10
Factors associated with healthcare transition readiness for adolescents with chronic conditions: A cross-sectional study
Hong, H., & Im, Y. (2024) · Journal of Child Health Care · doi:10.1177/13674935241248859 · Cited by 8
Helicopter Parenting Behaviors and Emerging Adult Mental Health: The Mediating Role of Emotion Dysregulation
Nguyen, Q., Madison, S., Ekas, N. V., & Kouros, C. D. (2024) · Emerging Adulthood · doi:10.1177/21676968241254565 · Cited by 13
El perdedor radical
Enzensberger, H. M. (2007) · Letras libres · Cited by 8
Perceived Helicopter Parenting and Depression Among Korean University Students: The Mediating Effect of Assertiveness
Kim, G. Y., & Park, J. H. (2019) · Korean Journal of Child Studies · doi:10.5723/kjcs.2019.40.4.165 · Cited by 8
Hovering Is Not Helping: Relationships among Helicopter Parenting, Attachment, Academic Outcomes, and Mental Health in College Students
Miller, R. W., Rainbolt, C. L., & Tallents, S. (2024) · Youth · doi:10.3390/youth4010018 · Cited by 19
The involution of middle-class tiger moms? An exploration of parental expectations in a Coastal Region of China
Dai, H., Xia, L., Jiang, N., Liu, W., & Chen, S. (2025) · Journal of Family Studies · doi:10.1080/13229400.2024.2446988 · Cited by 8
Differentiation of Self and Mental Health Symptoms in Emerging Adulthood in Australia: The Role of Parenting Behaviours
Piteo, S. E. M., & MacKay, L. M. (2021) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy · doi:10.1002/anzf.1452 · Cited by 7
Does Overparenting Hurt Working Turkish Mother’s Well-being? The Influence of Family–Work Conflict and Perceived Stress in Established Adulthood
Aydın, E. M., Metin-Orta, I., Camgöz, S. M., & Aksan, N. S. (2022) · Journal of Adult Development · doi:10.1007/s10804-022-09408-5 · Cited by 7
Autonomy and overparenting: Are parents of emerging adults being responsive?
Jiao, J., Pitts, M. J., & Segrin, C. (2024) · Family Process · doi:10.1111/famp.12969 · Cited by 7
The Counterproductive Effects of Helicopter Universities.
Bergen, C. W. V., & Bressler, M. S. (2017) · Research in higher education journal · Cited by 7
Psychopathologie bei Jugendlichen aus sieben Ländern: Welche Bedeutung hat die Kontrolle von Identitätsentwicklung und Familienbeziehungen?
Seiffge‐Krenke, I., Weitkamp, K., Çok, F., Głogowska, K., Pavlopoulos, V., Perchec, C., Rohail, I., & Saravia, J. C. (2018) · Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1024/1422-4917/a000633 · Cited by 7
Foreign studies of overparenting style of parenthood
Prokhorova, A. A. (2019) · Journal of Modern Foreign Psychology · doi:10.17759/jmfp.2019080402 · Cited by 7
Helicopter Parenting, Parental Psychological and Behavioral Control Revisited: Assessing Constructs Across the United States and South Korea
Zhang, Y., Hwang, W., Jung, E., Kim, S. H., & Sin, H. L. (2020) · Journal of Comparative Family Studies · doi:10.3138/jcfs.51.1.004 · Cited by 8
The impact of illness intrusiveness and overparenting on depressive symptoms in parents of youth with inflammatory bowel disease
Baudino, M. N., Roberts, C. M., Edwards, C. S., Gamwell, K. L., Tung, J., Jacobs, N. J., Grunow, J. E., & Chaney, J. M. (2021) · Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing · doi:10.1111/jspn.12362 · Cited by 7
Familie
Wild, E., & Walper, S. (2014) · Springer-Lehrbuch · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-41291-2_10 · Cited by 7
Parental anxiety and form of parenting during the COVID-19 pandemic
Khomaeny, E. F. F., & Kusumaputri, E. S. (2022) · International journal of child care and education policy/International journal of child care and education · doi:10.1186/s40723-022-00103-2 · Cited by 7
The Mediation of Care and Overprotection between Parent-Adolescent Conflicts and Adolescents’ Psychological Difficulties during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Which Role for Fathers?
Forresi, B., Giani, L., Scaini, S., Nicolais, G., & Caputi, M. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20031957 · Cited by 8
Parents and interscholastic sport: a mixed-method approach to identify salient issues
Johnson, J. E., Forsyth, E. W., Whisenant, W. A., & Stoffer, G. W. (2019) · Managing Sport and Leisure · doi:10.1080/23750472.2019.1583077 · Cited by 7
Parenting Styles and Their Relationship with Anxiety in Children
Lungarini, A. (2015) · doi:10.23860/thesis-lungarini-alyssa-2015 · Cited by 7
Psychological maltreatment: Discovering its different subtypes and related developmental risk factors
Wallimann, M. S., & Lätsch, D. (2025) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107544 · Cited by 6
Micromanagement: A Systematic Literature Review and Future Research Agenda
Vu, T. T. (2025) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/21582440251383211 · Cited by 8
Parental attitudes and parenting styles in paediatric dentistry: A review of the current literature
Saikiran, K. V., Nuvvula, S., Challa, R., reddy, B. V. T., Matha, N., & Kolavali, P. S. P. (2021) · doi:10.54276/jupd.2021.1103 · Cited by 6
Sozialbeziehungen zur Herkunftsfamilie
Walper, S., Lux, U., & Witte, S. (2018) · Springer-Lehrbuch · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-55792-1_6 · Cited by 6
Helikopter Anne Tutumları: Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Yaşam Doyumları ve Psikolojik İyi Oluşları Üzerindeki Yordayıcı Rolü
Faruk Caner, Y. A. M., & Kumcağız, H. (2021) · Opus uluslararası toplum araştırmaları dergisi · doi:10.26466/opus.784171 · Cited by 9
Too Much of a Good Thing? Associations among Parenting Profiles and Helicopter Parenting
Turner, K. A., Elkins, S. R., Walther, C. A. P., Short, M. B., & Schanding, G. T. (2022) · The Family Journal · doi:10.1177/10664807221123554 · Cited by 8
Parental Support during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Friend or Foe? A Moderation Analysis of the Association between Maternal Anxiety and Children’s Stress in Italian Dyads
Cadamuro, A., Bisagno, E., Trifiletti, E., Bernardo, G. A. D., & Visintin, E. P. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20010268 · Cited by 7
‘All we need is love (and money)’! What do higher education students want from their families?
Lamprianou, I., Symeou, L., & Theodorou, E. (2018) · Research Papers in Education · doi:10.1080/02671522.2018.1452957 · Cited by 6
Psychopathologie bei jungen Erwachsenen aus sieben Ländern
Seiffge‐Krenke, I., Persike, M., Tantaros, S., Saravia, J. C., Öncü, B., Çavdar, D., Perchec, C., Głogowska, K., & Rohail, I. (2018) · Psychotherapeut · doi:10.1007/s00278-018-0319-8 · Cited by 6
Examining the Relationships Among Parental Overprotection, Military Life Adjustment, Social Anxiety, and Collective Efficacy
Bark, K., Ha, J. H., & Jue, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.613543 · Cited by 6
Intolerance of uncertainty and protective parenting: the mediating role of maternal appraisals and the moderating role of child health status
Steiner, E. M., & Dahlquist, L. M. (2021) · Children s Health Care · doi:10.1080/02739615.2021.2007771 · Cited by 7
Helicopter Parents - Begriffsbestimmung, Entwicklung und Validierung eines Fragebogens
Wilhelm, D., Esdar, W., & Wild, E. (2014) · Zeitschrift für Hochschulentwicklung · doi:10.3217/zfhe-9-01/08 · Cited by 6
Leaving home: Investigating transitioning challenges faced by boarding students and their families
Hadwen, K. (2015) · Australasian Journal of Paramedicine · Cited by 6
How does parental autonomy support influence adolescents’ academic performance? The mediating roles of active parental internet mediation and parent–child cohesion
Zhang, Y., Niu, G., Cao, M., Hong, J., & Zhou, Z. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-06316-7 · Cited by 7
How do fathers’ educational level contribute to children’s school problems? Overparenting and children’s gender and surgency in a moderated mediation model
Ruiz-Ortiz, R. M., Carreras, R., del Puerto‐Golzarri, N., & Muñoz, J. M. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1405389 · Cited by 7
Rethinking Parenting: A Sociological Review of Concepts, Debates, and Directions
Li, A. (2025) · Sociology Compass · doi:10.1111/soc4.70116 · Cited by 5
“Be careful, it's dangerous out there”: Threat beliefs, anxiety, and mindfulness in overprotective parenting
Mouton, B., Zimmermann, G., Antonietti, J., & Petegem, S. V. (2025) · Family Relations · doi:10.1111/fare.70048 · Cited by 6
WE’RE NOT WORKING WITH A BLANK SLATE: Students’ pre-college leadership activities and perceived parenting behavior as predictors of college-based leader emergence and leader self-efficacy
McCarron, G. P., Zhou, S. S., Campbell, A., Schierbeek, E., & Muscente, K. K. (2022) · Journal of Leadership Education · doi:10.12806/v21/i1/r3 · Cited by 5
Emerging Adults’ Perceived Life Skills, Self - Regulation, Emotional Regulation, Helicopter Parenting and Autonomy Supportive Behaviours
(2022) · doi:10.35365/ctjpp.22.3.05 · Cited by 5
İlkokul Öğretmenlerinin Aşırı Koruyucu (Helikopter) Velilerle İlgili Deneyimleri: Bir Fenomenoloji Çalışması
ARSLAN, P., & KIRAL, B. (2022) · Ankara Universitesi Egitim Bilimleri Fakultesi Dergisi · doi:10.30964/auebfd.1035605 · Cited by 5
Talking with Parents: Qualitative Analysis of the Challenges of Parenting Children of Different Ages
Macuka, I., Petani, R., & Ercegovac, I. R. (2023) · Drustvena istrazivanja · doi:10.5559/di.32.2.08 · Cited by 5
How personality factors, coping with identity-stress, and parental rearing styles contribute to the expression of somatic complaints in emerging adults in seven countries
Seiffge‐Krenke, I., & Sattel, H. C. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1257403 · Cited by 12
KANTARIN TOPUZUNU KAÇIRMAK: HELİKOPTER EBEVEYNLİK VE EĞİTSEL DEĞİŞKENLERLE İLİŞKİSİ ÜZERİNE BİR TARAMA
Coşkun, B., & Katıtaş, S. (2021) · Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi · doi:10.30783/nevsosbilen.914927 · Cited by 3
Helikopter Anababalık ve Özerklik Destekleyici Davranışlar Ölçeği’nin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Çok, F., GÜÇLÜ, C. H., ÖZDOĞAN, H. K., & TOPUZ, S. (2022) · Ankara Universitesi Egitim Bilimleri Fakultesi Dergisi · doi:10.30964/auebfd.886761 · Cited by 5
The Relation Between Helicopter Parenting and Satisfaction with Life in Emerging Adults Living with Their Parents: The Moderating Role of Gender and Age Group
Garcia, R. C., de Lima, M. P., & Carona, C. (2022) · The Central European Journal of Paediatrics · doi:10.5457/p2005-114.328 · Cited by 6
Parental Help With Homework in Elementary School: Much Ado About Nothing?
Bodovski, K., Muñoz, I., & Apostolescu, R. (2022) · Journal of Research in Childhood Education · doi:10.1080/02568543.2022.2027830 · Cited by 5
Familie
Wild, E., & Walper, S. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-61403-7_10 · Cited by 5
Helicopter Parenting of Minor Teenagers in India: Scale Development and Consequences
Sood, M., & Buchanan, T. (2023) · The Family Journal · doi:10.1177/10664807231215429 · Cited by 4
Self-citation
Gender Differences in Adolescents’ Body Complaints in Eight Countries: What Do Culture and Parents Have to Do with It?
Weitkamp, K., & Seiffge‐Krenke, I. (2024) · Children · doi:10.3390/children11101200 · Cited by 5
Hurry up and wait: Developmental anxiety during the transition to adulthood
Ratner, K., Budesheim, E. F., Alexander, C. S., Klein, R. C., Leinenweber, S., Zhang, L., Zhao, T. Y., Romero, O. G., & Napolitano, C. M. (2025) · Journal of Family Theory & Review · doi:10.1111/jftr.12621 · Cited by 6
Associations Between Overparenting and Offspring’s Mental Health: A Meta-Analysis of Multiple Moderators
Hu, N., Chen, K., Ye, L., Liu, H., Cai, D., Zhang, H., & Zhao, Y. (2025) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs15091235 · Cited by 7
Helicopter parenting through the lens of reddit: A text mining study
Keerthigha, C., Singh, S., Chan, K. Q., & Caltabiano, N. J. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20970 · Cited by 7
New Generation Parenting Attitude: Helicopter Parenting
Türker, M., & Bahçeci, F. (2024) · Alanyazın · doi:10.59320/alanyazin.1452153 · Cited by 5
Overparenting and romantic relationships in emerging adulthood: Roles of relationship efficacy and parent–child relationship quality
Jiao, C., Cui, M., & Fincham, F. D. (2024) · Family Relations · doi:10.1111/fare.13070 · Cited by 5
Comparison of participation in out-of-school activities, activity preferences and quality of life of children with cerebral palsy and typical development
Bumın, G., Akyalcın, S., Gürlek, S., & Akyürek, G. (2024) · Developmental Neurorehabilitation · doi:10.1080/17518423.2024.2410173 · Cited by 4
Understanding voluntary carlessness: Why outliers matter
Cohen‐Blankshtain, G., & Gofen, A. (2024) · Journal of Transport Geography · doi:10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2024.104095 · Cited by 4
Filial Piety and Perceived Helicopter Parenting among College Student Children of One-Child Families in China
Yoo, G., & 유행 (2014) · 가족과 문화 · doi:10.21478/family.26.1.201403.005 · Cited by 4
Why Do College Counselors Perceive Anxiety as Increasing? A Semi-structured Examination of Five Causes
Martin, C. C. (2020) · Journal of College Student Psychotherapy · doi:10.1080/87568225.2020.1753611 · Cited by 4
Ruut Veenhoven’s Livability Concept and Children’s Happiness Around the Globe
Bălţătescu, S. (2021) · Social indicators research series · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-53779-1_1 · Cited by 4
Typologies of Maternal and Paternal Helicopter Parenting and Intimacy Goals in Dating
Kim, S. H. (2022) · Family and environment research · doi:10.6115/fer.2022.017 · Cited by 4
Does surgency moderate the relationship between parenting and children's aggression in middle childhood?
Ruiz-Ortiz, R. M., Braza, P., Carreras, R., & Muñoz, J. M. (2022) · Infant and Child Development · doi:10.1002/icd.2391 · Cited by 4
On the beauty of sadness: it’s okay to say, I am sad, thank you
Tobore, T. O. (2023) · Communicative & Integrative Biology · doi:10.1080/19420889.2023.2211424 · Cited by 4
Hovering or invalidating? Examining nuances in the associations between controlling parents and problematic outcomes for college students
Welch, K., Brott, K. H., & Veilleux, J. C. (2023) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2023.2209197 · Cited by 4
Becoming White: The Racial Socialization Practices of Middle-Class White Parents
Underhill, M. R. (2016) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network) · Cited by 4
Reduced Gritty Perseverance Partially Explains the Relationship Between Overinvolved Parenting and Stress in Physician Assistant Graduate Students
Francis, A. P., Drake, N., Chen, M. Z., & Young, L. (2020) · The Journal of Physician Assistant Education · doi:10.1097/jpa.0000000000000319 · Cited by 4
Structural relationships between psychological factors and college adjustment among medical students in South Korea: focusing on helicopter parenting and respectful parenting
Lee, J. Y., Park, I. B., Yune, S. J., & Park, K. H. (2024) · Korean journal of medical education · doi:10.3946/kjme.2024.309 · Cited by 3
Multifaceted Research Trends on Parenting in Emerging Adulthood: A Bibliometric Review
Maity, I., & Roy, U. (2025) · Emerging Adulthood · doi:10.1177/21676968251395340 · Cited by 3
The chain mediating role of consolidated helicopter parenting and impulsivity in the physical activity to adolescent aggressive behavior
Liu, M., Chen, J., Qiu, J., Chen, W., Tang, S., & Zeng, Z. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-28567-5 · Cited by 3
Parents’ discursive accounts of their children’s participation in rugby league
Apse, M., Kerr, R., & Moore, K. (2021) · Qualitative Research in Sport Exercise and Health · doi:10.1080/2159676x.2021.1901137 · Cited by 3
Helicopter Parenting, Self-Control, and Problematic Online Gaming among Emerging Adults
Süsen, Y., Pak, H., & ÇEVİK, E. (2021) · Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi · doi:10.5455/kpd.26024438m000071 · Cited by 4
Parental Involvement in Secondary Education: Perceptions and Potential Barriers.
COŞKUN, B., & KATITAŞ, S. (2021) · African Educational Research Journal · Cited by 3
Sport, Children, and Socialization
Green, K., Wheeler, S., & Johansen, P. F. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197519011.013.32 · Cited by 3
Thirty Years and Counting
Letherby, G. (2022) · Auto/Biography Review · doi:10.56740/abrev.v3i1.7 · Cited by 3
Sporcu Ergenlerde Algılanan Helikopter Ebeveynlik Tutumlarının ve Psikolojik Sağlamlık Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi
Karabulut, E. O. (2024) · Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.53434/gbesbd.1447297 · Cited by 4
Modeling the Potential Effectiveness of Low Person-Centered Emotional Support: The Role of Relational Closeness, Goodwill, and Message Accuracy on Outcomes
Ray, C. D., & Manusov, V. (2025) · Communication Studies · doi:10.1080/10510974.2025.2484846 · Cited by 3
Parental Threat Perception and Hyper‐Parenting as Potential Risk Factors for Adolescents’ Test Anxiety
Journault, A., Longpré, C., Mageau, G. A., & LUPIEN, S. J. (2025) · Social Development · doi:10.1111/sode.70004 · Cited by 4
ODRASLOST U NASTAJANJU, STATUS IDENTITETA I RODITELJSKA KONTROLA
Beričić, A., & Erceg, I. (2019) · Primenjena psihologija · doi:10.19090/pp.2019.3.305-326 · Cited by 3
Controlling Images: Institutional Stereotypes of Engagement of Low-Income Families, First-Generation Families, and Families of Color
Ramos, D., Kiyama, J. M., & Harper, C. E. (2017) · JCSCORE · doi:10.15763/issn.2642-2387.2017.3.1.125-158 · Cited by 4
Perceived Helicopter parenting and its relation with decision making styles and academic performance in the context of Indian adolescents
Sood, M., & Singh, D. C. (2021) · International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications · doi:10.29322/ijsrp.11.05.2021.p11323 · Cited by 3
The impact of early surgical ventricular septal defect repair on parenting behavior and mother-child relationship: a prospective longitudinal study
Hemetsberger, J., Mestermann, S., Nicol, H., Purbojo, A., Cesnjevar, R. A., Kratz, O., Eichler, A., & Gerlach, J. (2024) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2024.1455310 · Cited by 2
Helicopter Parenting and Career Decision-Making in University Students: Mediation by Fear of Failure and Self-Efficacy
Park, S., Nam, J. K., & Kim, K. (2025) · Journal of Career Development · doi:10.1177/08948453251363222 · Cited by 2
Wings or Handcuffs? The Dilemmas of Helicopter Parenting Based on a Systematic Literature Review
Kocsis, Z., Dorka, K., & Pusztai, G. (2025) · Social Sciences · doi:10.3390/socsci14100621 · Cited by 2
How Constructivist Theories of Development can be used to Re-conceptualise NAPLAN as an Opportunity to Develop Student Resilience
Vanderburg, R. M., & Trotter, P. (2021) · The Australian journal of teacher education · doi:10.14221/ajte.2021v46n9.1 · Cited by 2

Authors: LeMoyne, T., & Buchanan, T.
Affiliations: University of Tennessee at Chattanooga (US)
Corresponding author: LeMoyne, Terri
Venue: Sociological Spectrum
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2011-07
Volume: 31
Issue: 4
Pages: 399-418
ISSN: 0273-2173 (ISSN-L)
1521-0707
DOI: 10.1080/02732173.2011.574038
OpenAlex: W2056193384
Cited by: 495
References: 25
Citations by year: 2026: 36 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 56 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 46 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 5
FWCI: 27.02
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Sociological Spectrum (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Demography › Family Dynamics and Relationships
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Social Sciences › Education › Parental Involvement in Education
Keywords: helicopter parenting, parental overinvolvement, psychological well-being, university students, scale development, recreational drug use, parenting styles

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

DOES “HOVERING” MATTER? HELICOPTER PARENTING AND ITS EFFECT ON WELL-BEING

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks