Examining Incel Subculture on Reddit
Abstract
The online presence of incels, or involuntary celibates, has been an increasing security concern for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in recent years, given that self-identified incels – including Alek Minassian and Elliot Rodger – used the Internet to disseminate incel ideology and manifestos prior to committing acts of violence. However, little is empirically known about the incel movement in general or their online communities in particular. The present study draws from a set of comments from r/Incels, a now defunct but once popular subreddit dedicated to the incel community, and compares the most highly-upvoted comments (n = 500) to a random set of other comments (n = 500) in the subreddit. This qualitative analysis focuses on identifying subcultural discourse that is widely supported and engaged with by members of the online community and the extent to which incels utilize this online space to reaffirm deviant behavior. Our study underscores the importance, as well as the difficulties, of drawing from online sources like web-forums to generate new knowledge on deviant communities and behaviors. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of this analysis, its limitations, and avenues for future research.
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Incels are primarily young men driven to participate in online message boards because of profound resentment at having been unsuccessful in their romantic and sexual lives.
“Primarily young men, they are driven to participate in online message boards (such as Reddit, 4Chan, and 8Chan, though also increasingly on the dark web, see Helm et al. 2024 ) because of their profound resentment at having been unsuccessful in their romantic and sexual lives.”
From Agency and authority: A differentiated model of hermeneutical power (2025) · cites this paper as Helm et al. 2024
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Exploring Incel Motivations and the Relationship to Gender-Based Violence: A Scoping Review
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Dokąd prowadzi królicza nora? „Skrzywdzeni” mężczyźni manosfery i przemoc wobec kobiet
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Being a “Rucel”: How Russian Incels Differ from Their Western Counterparts
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‘I was looking for a place to vent and despair’: Becoming Men in the Digital Age
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- Authors
- Helm, B., Scrivens, R., Holt, T. J., Chermak, S., & Frank, R.
- Affiliations
- Michigan State University (US)
- School of Criminal Justice Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Simon Fraser University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Helm, Brenna
- Venue
- Journal of Crime and Justice
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2022-05-16
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 27-45
- ISSN
- 0735-648X (ISSN-L)
- 2158-9119
- OpenAlex
- W4280608635
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 3
- FWCI
- 20.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Crime and Justice (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime, Deviance, and Social Control
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence
- Keywords
- online communities, deviance, online forums, Elliot Rodger, online radicalization
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