The DOI matches its Crossref record; 64 of the 64 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Reporting to the police in western nations: A theoretical analysis of the effects of social context
Abstract
One of the most consistent findings in empirical studies using victimization data is that the decision to report victimization to the police is determined in large part by the seriousness of the crime. The police will be notified more often of crimes that involve more serious injury or greater monetary loss. These findings, however, may be due to the fact that most studies on reporting have been conducted using victimization surveys that devote a great deal of attention to the crime event and victim characteristics and much less to the social context of that event. As a result, influences on reporting operating at the neighborhood, jurisdiction, or nation level have been neglected. The aim of this paper is to bring social context into the discourse on reporting to the police by presenting a much more inclusive model of crime reporting. In addition, the influence of four aspects of macro-level social context on reporting are tested—the perceived competence of the police, institutionalization of insurance business, norm of conformity, and level of individualism—by merging incident-level data from the International Crime Victims Survey (ICVS) for 16 Western industrialized countries with nation-level data from various sources. Hierarchical logistic modeling is used to analyze the nested data. The perceived competence of the police has a positive effect on whether property crimes are reported.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Citations
Cites
Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values.
Sorge, A. M., & Hofstede, G. (1983) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2393017 · Cited by 15,195
Applied Multivariate Statistics for the Social Sciences
Stevens, J. P. (2012) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203843130 · Cited by 10,652
Regression Diagnostics: Identifying Influential Data and Sources of Collinearity
Belsley, D. A., Kuh, E., & Welsch, R. E. (1980) · Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics · doi:10.1002/0471725153 · Cited by 7,297
Regression Diagnostics -- Identifying Influential Data and Sources of Collinearity
Beaumont, C. D., Belsley, D. A., Kuh, E., & Welsch, R. E. (1981) · Journal of the Operational Research Society · doi:10.2307/2581267 · Cited by 6,362
Individualism and Collectivism
Hayek, F. A. (1976) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203991718-8 · Cited by 6,060
Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences
Stevens, J. P., & Stevens, J. P. (2001) · doi:10.4324/9781410604491 · Cited by 4,993
Goldstein, H. (2006) · Technometrics · doi:10.1198/tech.2006.s417 · Cited by 4,960
Individualism and collectivism
OETZEL, J. G. (1996) · International Journal of Intercultural Relations · doi:10.1016/0147-1767(96)83678-9 · Cited by 3,808
Code of the Street: Decency, Violence, and the Moral Life of the Inner City
Halnon, K. B., & Anderson, E. (2001) · Teaching Sociology · doi:10.2307/1318956 · Cited by 3,614
Courgeau, D., & Goldstein, H. (1997) · Population · doi:10.2307/1534624 · Cited by 2,596
Review of Individualism and Collectivism: Theory, Method, and Applications.
Stalder, D. R. (1996) · Contemporary Psychology · doi:10.1037/003295 · Cited by 1,358
(1990) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,084
Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 1989.
Krantz, D. H. (1989) · PubMed · Cited by 881
Coping with Crime: Individual and Neighborhood Reactions
DuBow, F., Skogan, W. G., & Maxfield, M. G. (1982) · The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (1973-) · doi:10.2307/1143199 · Cited by 808
Research Note: Hofstede's Consequences: A Study of Reviews, Citations and Replications
Søndergaard, M. (1994) · Organization Studies · doi:10.1177/017084069401500307 · Cited by 785
REASONS FOR REPORTING AND NOT REPORTING DOMESTIC VIOLENCE TO THE POLICE*
Felson, R. B., Messner, S. F., Hoskin, A. W., & Deane, G. (2002) · Criminology · doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.2002.tb00968.x · Cited by 430
Reporting Crimes to the Police: The Status of World Research
Skogan, W. G. (1984) · Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency · doi:10.1177/0022427884021002003 · Cited by 372
Willis, J., & Taylor, R. B. (2002) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/3089536 · Cited by 370
NEIGHBORHOOD DISADVANTAGE AND POLICE NOTIFICATION BY VICTIMS OF VIOLENCE*
BAUMER, E. P. (2002) · Criminology · doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.2002.tb00967.x · Cited by 279
van Kesteren, J., Mayhew, P., & Nieuwbeerta, P. (2000) · Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen · doi:10.15496/publikation-6595 · Cited by 256
Self-citationA Study of the Behavior of Law
Gottfredson, M. R., & Hindelang, M. J. (1979) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2094813 · Cited by 250
Bachman, R. D., & Coker, A. L. (1995) · Violence and Victims · doi:10.1891/0886-6708.10.2.91 · Cited by 242
THE VICTIM‐OFFENDER RELATIONSHIP AND CALLING THE POLICE IN ASSAULTS*
FELSON, R. B., MESSNER, S. F., & HOSKIN, A. (1999) · Criminology · doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1999.tb00510.x · Cited by 238
Routine activity and victimization at work
Lynch, J. P. (1987) · Journal of Quantitative Criminology · doi:10.1007/bf01066832 · Cited by 177
Self-citationGender Differences in Rape Reporting
Pino, N. W., & Meier, R. F. (1999) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1023/a:1018837524712 · Cited by 174
MEASUREMENT ERROR IN CALLS‐FOR‐SERVICE AS AN INDICATOR OF CRIME*
KLINGER, D. A., & BRIDGES, G. S. (1997) · Criminology · doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1997.tb01236.x · Cited by 173
The effect of victim-offender relationship on reporting crimes of violence against women
Gartner, R., & Macmillan, R. (1995) · Canadian Journal of Criminology · doi:10.3138/cjcrim.37.3.393 · Cited by 160
Criminal justice and the victim
McDonald, W. F. (1976) · Cited by 155
CITIZEN REPORTING OF CRIME Some National Panel Data
Skogan, W. G. (1976) · Criminology · doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1976.tb00685.x · Cited by 153
Factors related to the reporting of childhood rape
Hanson, R. F., Resnick, H. S., Saunders, B. E., Kilpatrick, D. G., & Best, C. L. (1999) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/s0145-2134(99)00028-9 · Cited by 147
Burglary in a dwelling: The offence, the offender, and the victim
Maguire, M., & Bennett, T. H. (1982) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 146
After the Crime:: Victim Decision Making
Greenberg, M. S., & Ruback, R. B. (1992) · Cited by 135
Do organizations reflect national cultures? A 10-nation study
van Oudenhoven, J. P. (2001) · International Journal of Intercultural Relations · doi:10.1016/s0147-1767(00)00044-4 · Cited by 131
Predicting the Reporting of Rape Victimizations
Bachman, R. D. (1993) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854893020003003 · Cited by 129
Greenberg, M. S., & Ruback, R. B. (1992) · Perspectives in law & psychology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-3334-4 · Cited by 125
Avakame, E. F., Fyfe, J. J., & Mccoy, C. (1999) · Justice Quarterly · doi:10.1080/07418829900094361 · Cited by 112
Self-Report Surveys as Measures of Crime and Criminal Victimization
Lynch, J. P. (2000) · Cited by 110
Self-citationCulture Dimensions of Polish Managers: Hofstede's Indices
Nasierowski, W., & Mikuła, B. (1998) · Organization Studies · doi:10.1177/017084069801900306 · Cited by 109
OBSERVATIONS ON CRIME REPORTING IN A DEVELOPING NATION*
Bennett, R. R., & WIEGAND, R. B. (1994) · Criminology · doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1994.tb01149.x · Cited by 109
Garofalo, J., Siegel, L., & Laub, J. H. (1987) · Journal of Quantitative Criminology · doi:10.1007/bf01066834 · Cited by 106
Sparks, R. F., Dodd, D. J., & Genn, H. G. (1977) · Cited by 101
Coping with Crime: Individual and Neighborhood Reactions.
Toby, J., Skogan, W. G., & Maxfield, M. G. (1982) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2068801 · Cited by 98
Greenberg, S. W., Rohe, W. M., & Williams, J. R. (1982) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 89
A longitudinal analysis of factors associated with reporting violent crimes to the police
Conaway, M. R., & Lohr, S. L. (1994) · Journal of Quantitative Criminology · doi:10.1007/bf02221007 · Cited by 87
The fear of reprisal and the failure of victims to report a personal crime
Singer, S. I. (1988) · Journal of Quantitative Criminology · doi:10.1007/bf01072455 · Cited by 86
Nieuwbeerta, P. (2002) · Leiden Repository (Leiden University) · Cited by 85
Self-citationFear of crime and criminal victimization
Bilsky, W., Pfeiffer, C., & Wetzels, P. (1993) · Cited by 81
Normative Advice to Campus Crime Victims: Effects of Gender, Age, and Alcohol
Ruback, R. B., Ménard, K. S., Outlaw, M. C., et al. (1999) · Violence and Victims · doi:10.1891/0886-6708.14.4.381 · Cited by 57
PATTERNS OF VICTIMISATION AND NOTIFICATION
Fishman, G. (1979) · The British Journal of Criminology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a046979 · Cited by 52
Job activities and personal crime victimization: Implications for theory
Collins, J. J., Cox, B. G., & Langan, P. A. (1987) · Social Science Research · doi:10.1016/0049-089x(87)90008-1 · Cited by 45
Sex-Role Attitude Change and Reporting of Rape Victimization, 1973–1985
Orcutt, J. D., & Faison, R. (1988) · Sociological Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1533-8525.1988.tb01436.x · Cited by 40
Becker, T. E., & Randall, D. M. (1994) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/0013164494054001021 · Cited by 36
Ruback, R. B. (1993) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854893020003004 · Cited by 32
Offense seriousness scaling: An alternative to scenario methods
Lynch, J. P., & Danner, M. J. E. (1993) · Journal of Quantitative Criminology · doi:10.1007/bf01064464 · Cited by 31
Self-citationCrimes and victims : a report on the Dayton-San Jose pilot survey of victimization
Kalish, C. B. (1974) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 27
Matching Survey Responses to Official Records: An Exploration of Validity in Victimization Reporting
Miller, P. V., & Groves, R. M. (1985) · Public Opinion Quarterly · doi:10.1086/268934 · Cited by 27
Kury, H., Teske, R., & Würger, M. (1999) · Justice Quarterly · doi:10.1080/07418829900094081 · Cited by 26
The Roots of Urban Discontent: Public Policy, Municipal Institutions, and the Ghetto.
Reiss, A. J. J., Rossi, P. H., Berk, R. A., et al. (1977) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2062782 · Cited by 22
Addington, L. A., Ruddy, S. A., Miller, A. K., et al. (2002) · Cited by 21
Criminal victimization in seventeen industrialized countries
Bouten, E., Goudriaan, H., & Nieuwbeerta, P. (2000) · Cited by 19
Self-citationAre America's Schools Safe? Students Speak Out: 1999 School Crime Supplement
Addington, L. A., Ruddy, S. A., Miller, A. K., et al. (2003) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e610562011-003 · Cited by 19
The Roots of Urban Discontent: Public Policy, Municipal Institutions, and the Ghetto.
Geschwender, J. A., Rossi, P. H., Berk, R. A., et al. (1976) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2577115 · Cited by 18
Hidden criminality : theoretical and methodological problems, empirical results
Persson, L. G. W. (1980) · Cited by 11
Insurance Statistics Yearbook 2002
OECD (2002) · Insurance statistics yearbook · doi:10.1787/ins_stats-2002-en-fr · Cited by 4
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 14
- Biderman A.D., 1981, American Statistical Association, proceedings of the Social Statistical Section, 1981
- Black D.J., 1976, The behavior of law
- Cantor D., 2000, Criminal Justice, 4, 85
- Cretney A., 1995, Punishing violence
- Kalish C.B., 1974, Research Report, NCJ 13314
- Lynch J.P., 2002, Crime victimization in comparative perspective. Results from the International Crime Victims Survey, 1989–2000, 431
- Nieuwbeerta P., 2002, Crime victimization in comparative perspective. Results from the International Crime Victims Survey, 1989–2000
- Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001, Insurance Statistics Yearbook 1992–1999
- Rasbash J., 2000, A user's guide to MLwiN
- Schneider A., 1977, The Portland Forward Records Check of Crime Victims: Final report
- Smith S.K., 1999, Criminal victimization and perceptions of community safety in 12 cities, 1998
- Snijders T.A.B., 1999, Multilevel analysis. An introduction to basic and advanced multilevel modeling
- Van Dijk J.J.M., 1992, Criminal victimization in the industrialized world: Key findings from the International Crime Victimization Survey 1989 and 1992
- Yoo B., 1998, Proceedings of American Marketing Association, Summer Educators Conference, 83
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Neighbourhood Characteristics and Reporting Crime
Goudriaan, H., Wittebrood, K., & Nieuwbeerta, P. (2006) · The British Journal of Criminology · doi:10.1093/bjc/azi096 · Cited by 254
Self-citationRacial Disparities in Hate Crime Reporting
Zaykowski, H. (2010) · Violence and Victims · doi:10.1891/0886-6708.25.3.378 · Cited by 66
Parti, K., & Tahir, F. (2023) · Social Sciences · doi:10.3390/socsci12050264 · Cited by 32
“…(2001) and Heath et al. (2013) found that older individuals are less likely to report crimes to the police, while others (Goudriaan et al. 2006; Gutierrez and Kirk 2017; Baumer and Lauritsen 2010; Torrente et al. 2017; Goudriaan et al. 2004; Tolsma et al. 2012) have found that the opposite is true.”
Metadata
- Authors
- Goudriaan, H., Lynch, J. P., & Nieuwbeerta, P.
- Affiliations
- Netherlands Institute for the Study of Crime and Law Enforcement (NL)
- American University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Goudriaan, Heike
- Venue
- Justice Quarterly
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2004-12-01
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 933-969
- ISSN
- 0741-8825 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-9109
- OpenAlex
- W2156716029
- Cited by
- 178
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 15.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Justice Quarterly (publishedVersion)
- Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Policing Practices and Perceptions
- Social Sciences › Law › Criminal Justice and Penology
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime Patterns and Interventions
- Keywords
- crime reporting, police reporting, social environment, individualism, property crime, crime severity, victimization, International Crime Victims Survey, Western industrialized countries
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review