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Cited by 8Mental Health Treatment and AccessAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesTreatment of Major Depression

Psychiatric diagnosis in primary care patients with increased depressive symptoms

Kotiaho, Satu, Korniloff, Katariina, Vanhala, Mauno, Kautiainen, Hannu, Koponen, Hannu, Ahonen, Tiina, Mäntyselkä, Pekka·2019·Nordic Journal of Psychiatry
DOI 10.1080/08039488.2019.1584240
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Screening of depression has been recommended in primary care and Beck's 21-item Depression Inventory (BDI-21) is a commonly used tool for screening. Depression has been shown to be frequently accompanied by comorbidities. AIMS: This study aimed to analyze the characteristics, psychiatric diagnoses, and psychiatric comorbidity of primary care patients who have been screened for depression and referred to a depression nurse. METHODS: The study subjects were primary care patients aged ≥ 35 years with depressive symptoms (BDI-21 > 9). Their psychiatric diagnosis were based on a diagnostic interview (Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview; M.I.N.I.) conducted by a trained study nurse. RESULTS: Of the 705 study subjects, 617 (87.5%) had at least one and 66.1% had at least two psychiatric diagnoses. The most common diagnosis was depression (63.4%). The next most common diagnoses were generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) (48.1%) and panic disorder (22.8%). Only 8.8% of the study subjects had depression without other psychiatric disorders. Ten percent of the subjects had both depression and a generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Also other psychiatric comorbidities were common. Age was inversely associated with the psychiatric diagnosis in the M.I.N.I. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that most of the primary care patients with increased depressive symptoms have a psychiatric disorder. Although depression is the most common diagnosis, there are several other concurrent psychiatric comorbidities. Therefore, diagnostic assessment of primary care patients with a screening score over 9 in the BDI-21 should be reconsidered.

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  • Among individuals who seek treatment, depression is often an intermittent recurrent disorder over the life course, commonly with partial remission between episodes.

    “Among individuals who seek treatment, depression is often an intermittent recurrent disorder over the life course, 143 commonly with partial remission between episodes. 144”

    From Time for united action on depression: a Lancet–World Psychiatric Association Commission (2022) · cites this paper as [143]

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Authors
Kotiaho, S., Korniloff, K., Vanhala, M., Kautiainen, H., Koponen, H., Ahonen, T., & Mäntyselkä, P.
Affiliations
  • University of Eastern Finland (FI)
  • JAMK University of Applied Sciences (FI)
  • Kuopio University Hospital (FI)
  • Folkhälsans Forskningscentrum (FI)
  • University of Helsinki (FI)
Corresponding author
Kotiaho, Satu
ORCID
Venue
Nordic Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2019-03-30
Volume
73
Issue
3
Pages
195-199
ISSN
  • 0029-1455 (ISSN-L)
  • 0803-9488
  • 1502-4725
DOI
10.1080/08039488.2019.1584240
OpenAlex
W2929122033
Cited by
8
References
39
Citations by year
2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3
FWCI
1.89
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nordic Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Central Finland Health Care District
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
Keywords
depression, psychiatric comorbidity, primary care, depression screening, Beck Depression Inventory, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, psychiatric diagnosis
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Mental Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Female, Finland, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Primary Health Care, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Comorbidity

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