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Comparison of the role of self-efficacy and illness representations in relation to dietary self-care and diabetes distress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Abstract
This cross-sectional study examined the joint effects of self-efficacy and illness representations on dietary self-care and diabetes distress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes by comparing two theoretical models: the Self-regulation Model (Leventhal, H., Meyer, D., & Nerenz, D. (1980). The common-sense representations of illness danger. In S. Rachman (Ed.), Medical Psychology (Vol. 2, pp. 7-30). New York: Pergamon.) and Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura, A. (1997). Self efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W.H. Freeman.). One hundred and fifty-one adolescents with type 1 diabetes completed self-report measures of dietary self-efficacy, illness representations, dietary self-care and diabetes distress. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling. The model best supported by the data (Leventhal's Self-regulation Model) showed that dietary self-efficacy, perceived consequences and treatment effectiveness had direct and independent effects on both dietary self-care and diabetes distress. Together with dietary self-efficacy, perceived short-term treatment effectiveness was a significant predictor of dietary self-care. Age was found to be a negative predictor of short-term treatment effectiveness beliefs. Diabetes distress was best predicted by self-efficacy and perceived consequences. It can be concluded that to target effectively dietary self-care and distress, clinicians should focus on key illness representation variables (perceived short-term treatment effectiveness and perceived consequences) in conjunction with self-efficacy.
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“Patient perceptions about their own ability, or self-efficacy, to self-manage diabetes are one important psychosocial factor related to improved diabetes self-management and treatment outcomes in diabetes (22–26) and should be a target of ongoing assessment and treatment planning.”
From Psychosocial care for people with diabetes: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association (2016) · cites this paper as [24]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Nouwen, A., Urquhart Law, G., Hussain, S., McGovern, S., & Napier, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- University of Birmingham
- University of Warwick (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Nouwen, Arie
- Venue
- Psychology & Health
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2009-10-27
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1071-1084
- ISSN
- 0887-0446 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-8321
- OpenAlex
- W2150970718
- Cited by
- 125
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 2.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychology and Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health and Wellbeing Research
- Keywords
- type 1 diabetes, adolescents, self-efficacy, illness representations, dietary self-care, diabetes distress, self-regulation model, social cognitive theory, perceived consequences, perceived treatment effectiveness, age differences
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Self Care, Stress, Psychological, Self Efficacy
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