Self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and diabetes self-management in adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Abstract
The goal of this research was to develop and evaluate measures of adolescent diabetes management self-efficacy and outcome expectations that reflect developmentally relevant, situation-specific challenges to current diabetes regimens. Self-efficacy for diabetes management, expected outcomes of adherence, adherence to the diabetes regimen, and glycemic control were assessed in 168 adolescents (ages 10-16 years) with type 1 diabetes. Factor analyses indicated a single scale for self-efficacy and two distinct factors representing positive and negative outcome expectations. Reliability and predictive validity of the new scales were supported. In regression analyses, self-efficacy and the interaction of self-efficacy with expectations of positive outcomes were significantly associated with diabetes self-management adherence and glycemic control in older adolescents. The effect of self-efficacy was greatest when adolescents had stronger beliefs in the beneficial outcomes of adherence. These brief measures can be used to identify youths at risk of poor diabetes self-management. Interventions targeting self-efficacy may lead to improved diabetes self-management.
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Self-efficacy for diabetes self-management is an important psychosocial factor linked to better self-management and treatment outcomes.
“Patient perceptions about their own ability, or self-efficacy, to self-manage diabetes are one important psychosocial factor related to improved diabetes self-management and treatment outcomes in diabetes (22–26) and should be a target of ongoing assessment and treatment planning.”
From Psychosocial care for people with diabetes: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association (2016) · cites this paper as [26]
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- Authors
- IANNOTTI, R. J., SCHNEIDER, S., NANSEL, T. R., HAYNIE, D. L., PLOTNICK, L. P., CLARK, L. M., SOBEL, D. O., & SIMONS-MORTON, B.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Georgetown University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics
- Published
- 2006-04
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 98-105
- ISSN
- 0196-206X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2009185625
- Cited by
- 305
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 5.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Family Practice › Medication Adherence and Compliance
- Keywords
- type 1 diabetes, adolescents, diabetes self-management, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, medication adherence, glycemic control, scale development, psychometric validation, self-management interventions
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, Cognition, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Female, Humans, Male, Models, Psychological, Self Care, Social Adjustment, Self Efficacy
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