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Comparison of the role of self-efficacy and illness representations in relation to dietary self-care and diabetes distress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Abstract
This cross-sectional study examined the joint effects of self-efficacy and illness representations on dietary self-care and diabetes distress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes by comparing two theoretical models: the Self-regulation Model (Leventhal, H., Meyer, D., & Nerenz, D. (1980). The common-sense representations of illness danger. In S. Rachman (Ed.), Medical Psychology (Vol. 2, pp. 7-30). New York: Pergamon.) and Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura, A. (1997). Self efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W.H. Freeman.). One hundred and fifty-one adolescents with type 1 diabetes completed self-report measures of dietary self-efficacy, illness representations, dietary self-care and diabetes distress. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling. The model best supported by the data (Leventhal's Self-regulation Model) showed that dietary self-efficacy, perceived consequences and treatment effectiveness had direct and independent effects on both dietary self-care and diabetes distress. Together with dietary self-efficacy, perceived short-term treatment effectiveness was a significant predictor of dietary self-care. Age was found to be a negative predictor of short-term treatment effectiveness beliefs. Diabetes distress was best predicted by self-efficacy and perceived consequences. It can be concluded that to target effectively dietary self-care and distress, clinicians should focus on key illness representation variables (perceived short-term treatment effectiveness and perceived consequences) in conjunction with self-efficacy.
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“Patient perceptions about their own ability, or self-efficacy, to self-manage diabetes are one important psychosocial factor related to improved diabetes self-management and treatment outcomes in diabetes (22–26) and should be a target of ongoing assessment and treatment planning.”
From Psychosocial care for people with diabetes: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association (2016) · cites this paper as [24]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Nouwen, A., Urquhart Law, G., Hussain, S., McGovern, S., & Napier, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- University of Birmingham
- University of Warwick (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Nouwen, Arie
- Venue
- Psychology & Health
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2009-10-27
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1071-1084
- ISSN
- 0887-0446 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-8321
- OpenAlex
- W2150970718
- Cited by
- 125
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 2.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychology and Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health and Wellbeing Research
- Keywords
- type 1 diabetes, adolescents, self-efficacy, illness representations, dietary self-care, diabetes distress, self-regulation model, social cognitive theory, perceived consequences, perceived treatment effectiveness, age differences
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Self Care, Stress, Psychological, Self Efficacy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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