Cited by 1,428HIV/AIDS Research and InterventionsMedication Adherence and ComplianceHIV/AIDS drug development and treatment

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Self-reported adherence to antiretroviral medications among participants in HIV clinical trials: The AACTG Adherence Instruments

Chesney, M. A., Ickovics, J. R., Chambers, D. B., Gifford, A. L., Neidig, J., Zwickl, B., Wu, A. W., PATIENT CARE COMMITTEE & ADHERENCE·2000·AIDS Care

DOI 10.1080/09540120050042891

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Abstract

This paper describes the AACTG Adherence Instruments, which are comprised of two self-report questionnaires for use in clinical trials conducted by the Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group (AACTG). The questionnaires were administered to 75 patients at ten AACTG sites in the USA. All patients were taking combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), including at least one protease inhibitor. Eleven per cent of patients reported missing at least one dose the day before the interview, and 17% reported missing at least one dose during the two days prior. The most common reasons for missing medications included 'simply forgot' (66%) and a number of factors often associated with improved health, including being busy (53%), away from home (57%) and changes in routine (51%). Less adherent patients reported lower adherence self-efficacy (p = 0.006) and were less sure of the link between non-adherence and the development of drug resistance (p = 0.009). They were also more likely to consume alcohol, to be employed outside the home for pay and to have enrolled in clinical trials to gain access to drugs (all p < 0.05). Twenty-two per cent of patients taking drugs requiring special instructions were unaware of these instructions. Each questionnaire took approximately ten minutes to complete. Responses to the questionnaires were favourable. These questionnaires have been included in six AACTG clinical trials to date and have been widely disseminated to investigators both in the USA and abroad.

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“This self-report measure asked patients to document the names and dosing schedules for each of their diabetes medications and to record the number of missed doses since the last study visit (Chesney et al., 2000).”
Background
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“It has been demonstrated that current substance use, including the use of licit and illicit drugs, negatively impacts adherence to HIV medications (Chesney et al., 2000b; Gebo et al., 2003; Golin et al., 2002; Haubrich et al., 1999; Lucas et al., 2001, 2002; Power et al., 2003; Wilson et al., 2002).”
BackgroundInfluential
The impact of alcohol use on depressive symptoms in human immunodeficiency virus‐infected patients†
Sullivan, L. E., Saitz, R., Cheng, D. M., Libman, H., Nunes, D., & Samet, J. H. (2008) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02245.x · Cited by 57
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Community-based DOT-HAART Accompaniment in an Urban Resource-Poor Setting
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“While the ACTG instrument measures adherence in the previous 4 days, recent data suggests greater intervention effect may be identified if adherence is measured over the past month (Simoni et al. 2006).”
Method
Acute Alcohol Consumption Directly Increases HIV Transmission Risk: A Randomized Controlled Experiment
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Longitudinal Effects of Syndemics on ART Non-adherence Among Sexual Minority Men
Harkness, A., Bainter, S. A., O’Cleirigh, C. M., Mendez, N. A., Mayer, K. H., & Safren, S. A. (2018) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-018-2180-8 · Cited by 59
“Self-reported adherence scores were derived via factor analysis [25, 26] from the ACTG Adherence Questionnaire [27].”
Emotional expression and depth processing of trauma and their relation to long-term survival in patients with HIV/AIDS
O’Cleirigh, C. M., Ironson, G. H., Antoni, M. H., Fletcher, M. A., McGuffey, L., Balbin, E., Schneiderman, N., & Solomon, G. F. (2003) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(02)00524-x · Cited by 57
Predictors of AIDS-Related Morbidity and Mortality in a Southern U.S. Cohort
Mugavero, M. J., Pence, B. W., Whetten, K., Leserman, J., Swartz, M. S., Stangl, D. K., & Thielman, N. M. (2007) · AIDS Patient Care and STDs · doi:10.1089/apc.2006.0167 · Cited by 56
Coping as a mediator of the impact of sociocultural factors on health behavior among HIV-positive latino gay men
Bianchi, F. T., Zea, M. C., Poppen, P. J., Reisen, C. A., & Echeverry, J. J. (2004) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870440410001655340 · Cited by 56
“We measured health habits as a continuous variable using a 4-item scale adapted from a measure called General Health Behaviors developed by the Adult AIDS Clinical Trials group [AACTG] (Chesney et al., 2000).”
Method
A randomized comparison of two instruments for measuring self-reported antiretroviral adherence
Mannheimer, S., Thackeray, L., Hullsiek, K. H., Chesney, M. A., Gardner, E. M., Wu, A. W., Telzak, E. E., Lawrence, J., Baxter, J., Friedland, G. H., et al. (2008) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540120701534699 · Cited by 56
“One widely used format for collecting self-reported ART adherence is based on the Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group (AACTG) self-report instrument (Chesney et al., 2000).”
MethodSelf-citation
Factors Associated with Intention to Conceive and its Communication to Providers Among HIV Clients in Uganda
Wagner, G. J., Linnemayr, S., Kityo, C. M., & Mugyenyi, P. N. (2011) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-011-0761-5 · Cited by 56
“Finally, a single item from the ACTG [ 32 ] assessment battery was used to assess perceived efficacy of HIV medication; the item asks the respondent to rate their level of agreement with the statement, ‘‘The HIV medication will help keep me healthier longer’’; response options range from 1 ‘strongly disagree’ to 4 ‘st…”
Method
Effect of the CCR5 antagonist maraviroc on the occurrence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV (CADIRIS): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Sierra-Madero, J. G., Ellenberg, S. S., Rassool, M. S., Tierney, A. M., Belaunzarán-Zamudio, P. F., López‐Martínez, A., Menendez, A., Montaner, L. J., Azzoni, L., Benítez, C. R., et al. (2014) · The Lancet HIV · doi:10.1016/s2352-3018(14)70027-x · Cited by 56
HIV Treatment Adherence, Patient Health Literacy, and Health Care Provider–Patient Communication
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“The standardized survey was adapted from the self-report adherence to antiretroviral medications instrument utilized by the Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group (AACTG) in HIV clinical trials, and included a 30-day recall question of missing 1 or more tablets.(19)”
Method
The Reliability of Reports of Medical Adherence From Children With HIV and Their Adult Caregivers
Dolezal, C. L. (2003) · Journal of Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsg025 · Cited by 56
Provider-Focused Intervention Increases Adherence-Related Dialogue but Does Not Improve Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in Persons With HIV
Wilson, I. B., Laws, M. B., Safren, S. A., Lee, Y., Lu, M., Coady, W., Skolnik, P. R., & Rogers, W. H. (2010) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0b013e3181c7a245 · Cited by 55
Gender and Other Psychosocial Factors as Predictors of Adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) in Adults with Comorbid HIV/AIDS, Psychiatric and Substance-related Disorder
Applebaum, A. J., Richardson, M. A., Brady, S. M., Brief, D. J., & Keane, T. M. (2008) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-008-9441-x · Cited by 55
Adherence to treatment in Swedish HIV-infected patients
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“The second question was inspired by an item in the Adult Aids Clinical Trials Groups adherence questionnaire (40).”
Method
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“ATN researchers adapted a questionnaire to assess adherence to ART (Chesney et al., 2000) to be more appropriate for youth.”
Background
Role of Alcohol in Determining Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Relevant Outcomes
Conigliaro, J. C., Justice, A. C., Gordon, A. J., & BRYANT, K. J. (2006) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/01.mlr.0000223659.36369.cf · Cited by 55
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“The results are consistent with previous findings linking symptoms to non-adherence to HAART (Ammassari et al., 2001, Carrieri et al., 2001; Chesney et al., 2000; Duran et al., 2001; Gifford et al., 2000) and provide further insight into the nature of these relationships.”
BackgroundResult
The role of cultural distance between patient and provider in explaining racial/ethnic disparities in HIV care
Saha, S., Sanders, D. S., Korthuis, P. T., Cohn, J. A., Sharp, V., Haidet, P., Moore, R. D., & Beach, M. C. (2011) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2011.01.012 · Cited by 54
Comparison of Antiretroviral Adherence Questions
Berg, K. M., Wilson, I. B., Li, X., & Arnsten, J. H. (2010) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-010-9864-z · Cited by 54
Measuring HIV Self-Management in Women Living With HIV/AIDS
Webel, A. R., Asher, A. K., Cuca, Y. P., Okonsky, J. G., Kaihura, A., Rose, C. D., Hanson, J. E., & Salata, R. A. (2012) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0b013e318256623d · Cited by 55
“Undetectable HIV viral load 51 (52) 54 (49) 105 (50)”
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Johnson, M. O., Elliott, T. R., Neilands, T. B., Morin, S. F., & Chesney, M. A. (2006) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.25.3.355 · Cited by 56
“Self-reported ART adherence was assessed over a 3-day period using an adherence survey developed for use in AIDS Clinical Trials (Chesney et al., 2000).”
MethodInfluentialSelf-citation
Relationship of depression and catastrophizing to pain, disability, and medication adherence in patients with HIV-associated sensory neuropathy
Lucey, B. P., Clifford, D. B., Creighton, J. A., Edwards, R. R., McArthur, J. C., & Haythornthwaite, J. A. (2011) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540121.2010.543883 · Cited by 54
Adherence and Treatment Response Among HIV-1-Infected Adults Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in a Rural Government Hospital in Southwestern Uganda
Bajunirwe, F., Arts, E. J., Tisch, D. J., King, C. H., Debanne, S. M., & Sethi, A. K. (2009) · Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care · doi:10.1177/1545109709332470 · Cited by 54
“The same reason has been mentioned in other studies.(41,42) However, it is clear from our data that some patients ran out of drugs and were not able to return on time for their refills because of transportation problems.”
Result
A Systematic Review of the Impact of HIV-Related Stigma and Serostatus Disclosure on Retention in Care and Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among Women with HIV in the United States/Canada
Nawfal, E. S., Gray, A., Sheehan, D. M., Ibañez, G. E., & Trepka, M. J. (2023) · AIDS Patient Care and STDs · doi:10.1089/apc.2023.0178 · Cited by 54
Correlation between self-reported adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and virologic outcome
DeMasi, R. A., Graham, N. M. H., Tolson, J. M., Pham, S. V., Capuano, G. A., Fisher, R. L., Shaefer, M. S., Pakes, G. E., Sawyerr, G. A., & Eron, J. J. (2001) · Advances in Therapy · doi:10.1007/bf02850110 · Cited by 53
Self-Report Measures in the Assessment of Antiretroviral Medication Adherence
Kaboré, L., Muntner, P., Chamot, E., Zinski, A., Burkholder, G., & Mugavero, M. J. (2014) · Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC) · doi:10.1177/2325957414557263 · Cited by 53
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Wilkin, T. J., McKinnon, J. E., DiRienzo, A. G., Mollan, K. R., Fletcher, C. V., Margolis, D. M., Bastow, B., Thal, G. D., Woodward, W. C., Godfrey, C. C., et al. (2009) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/597119 · Cited by 53
“Adherence was also measured using the ACTG self-report questionnaire [11].”
Method
Psychological distress, killer lymphocytes and disease severity in HIV/AIDS
Greeson, J. M., Hurwitz, B. E., Llabre, M. M., Schneiderman, N., Penedo, F. J., & Klimas, N. G. (2008) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2008.01.001 · Cited by 52
“interview (Chesney et al., 2000).”
Nature and correlates of SF-12 physical and mental quality of life components among low-income HIV adults using an HIV service center
Viswanathan, H. N., Anderson, R., & Thomas, J. (2005) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1007/s11136-004-3507-7 · Cited by 52
“05 based on v(2) tests than otherHIV/AIDS samples [24, 35, 36].”
Method
Self-efficacy and distress in women with AIDS: the SMART/EST women's project
Jones, D. L., Owens, M. I., Lydston, D., Tobin, J. N., Brondolo, E. N., & Weiss, S. M. (2010) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540121.2010.484454 · Cited by 52
“…are important therapeutic targets in part not only because of their association with morbidity and mortality (Antoni et al., 2006; Ickovics, 2001; Ironson et al., 2005), but also due to their association with healthcare and medication adherence (Chesney et al., 2000; Patterson et al., 2000).”
Background
Changes in HIV Outcomes Following Depression Care in a Resource-Limited Setting: Results from a Pilot Study in Bamenda, Cameroon
Gaynes, B. N., Pence, B. W., Atashili, J., O’Donnell, J. K., NJAMNSHI, A. K., Tabenyang, M. E., Kefie, C., Whetten, R., Whetten, K., & Ndumbe, P. M. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0140001 · Cited by 52
Grit and Ambition are Associated with Better Neurocognitive and Everyday Functioning Among Adults Living with HIV
Moore, R. C., Hussain, M., Watson, C. W.-M., Fazeli, P. L., Marquine, M. J., Yarns, B. C., Jeste, D. V., & Moore, D. J. (2018) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-018-2061-1 · Cited by 54
“The AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) 4-day medication adherence questionnaire [34] was used to estimate antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence.”
Method
Efficacy of an Individualized Adherence Support Program with Contingent Reinforcement Among Nonadherent HIV-Positive Patients
Javanbakht, M., Prosser, P., Grimes, T., Weinstein, M., & Farthing, C. (2006) · Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care · doi:10.1177/1545109706291706 · Cited by 52
“Male 81 (90) 44 (94) 37 (86) Female 9 (10) 3 (6) 6 (14)”
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Leach, E., Lu, H., Caballero, J., Thomas, J. E., Spencer, E. C., & Cook, R. L. (2021) · AIDS Research and Therapy · doi:10.1186/s12981-021-00358-8 · Cited by 58
“, days, weekend, month), but accounts for how closely they followed the schedule and directions [27, 28].”
Background
Factors associated with risk of depression and relevant predictors of screening for depression in clinical practice: a cross‐sectional study among HIV ‐infected individuals in D enmark
Slot, M., Sodemann, M., Gabel, C., Holmskov, J., Laursen, T. L., & Rodkjær, L. Ø. (2015) · HIV Medicine · doi:10.1111/hiv.12223 · Cited by 51
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in patients enrolled in a comprehensive care program in Cambodia: A 24-month follow-up assessment
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The Impact of HIV Diagnosis-Related vs. Non-Diagnosis Related Trauma on PTSD, Depression, Medication Adherence, and HIV Disease Markers
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“ADHERENCE TO HAART MEDICATIONS Medication adherence was assessed using a self-report interview adapted from the Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG; Chesney et al., 2000).”
Method
Opioid Analgesic Misuse is Associated with Incomplete Antiretroviral Adherence in a Cohort of HIV-Infected Indigent Adults in San Francisco
Jeevanjee, S., Penko, J. M., Guzman, D., Miaskowski, C. A., Bangsberg, D. R., & Kushel, M. (2013) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-013-0619-5 · Cited by 51
Routine Depression Screening in an HIV Clinic Cohort Identifies Patients with Complex Psychiatric Co-morbidities Who Show Significant Response to Treatment
Schumacher, J. E., McCullumsmith, C. B., Mugavero, M. J., Ingle-Pang, P., Raper, J. L., Willig, J. H., You, Z., Batey, D. S., Crane, H. M., Lawrence, S. T., et al. (2012) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-012-0342-7 · Cited by 51
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Nunes, E. P., de Oliveira, M. S., Merçon, M., Zajdenverg, R., Faulhaber, J. C., Pilotto, J. H., Ribeiro, J. E., Norton, M., & Schechter, M. (2009) · HIV Clinical Trials · doi:10.1310/hct1006-368 · Cited by 51
Medication adherence in HIV-positive patients with diabetes or hypertension: a focus group study
Monroe, A. K., Rowe, T. L., Moore, R. D., & Chander, G. (2013) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/1472-6963-13-488 · Cited by 53
“Factors contributing to non-adherence include poor understanding of both a medication regimen and of the relationship between antiretroviral non-adherence and antiretroviral resistance [15-17].”
Background
Marijuana Effectiveness as an HIV Self-Care Strategy
Corless, I. B., Lindgren, T. G., Holzemer, W. L., Robinson, L. L., Moezzi, S., Kirksey, K. M., Coleman, C. L., Tsai, Y., Eller, L. S., Hamilton, M. J., et al. (2009) · Clinical Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/1054773809334958 · Cited by 50
“This is a self-report measure of reasons for missing medications (Chesney et al., 2000) that was revised through a large randomized clinical control study on adherence (Holzemer et al., 2006).”
Method
Masculinity and engagement in HIV care among male fisherfolk on HIV treatment in Uganda
Sileo, K. M., Reed, E., Kizito, W., Wagman, J. A., Stockman, J. K., Wanyenze, R. K., Chemusto, H., Musoke, W., Mukasa, B., & Kiene, S. M. (2018) · Culture Health & Sexuality · doi:10.1080/13691058.2018.1516299 · Cited by 49
“In the larger study, the Adult AIDS Clinical Trial Group (AACTG) scale was used to measure self-reported ART adherence (Chesney et al. 2000), which included recall questions about antiretrovirals (ARVs) missed for the previous four days prior to the interview.”
Method
Two-way mobile phone intervention compared with standard-of-care adherence support after second-line antiretroviral therapy failure: a multinational, randomised controlled trial
Gross, R., Ritz, J., Hughes, M. D., Salata, R. A., Mugyenyi, P. N., Hogg, E., Wieclaw, L., Godfrey, C. C., Wallis, C. L., Mellors, J. W., et al. (2019) · The Lancet Digital Health · doi:10.1016/s2589-7500(19)30006-8 · Cited by 52
Nonadherence and unsuppressed viral load across adolescence among US youth with perinatally acquired HIV
Kacanek, D., Huo, Y., Malee, K., Mellins, C. A., Smith, R. A., Garvie, P. A., Tassiopoulos, K., Lee, S., Berman, C. A., Paul, M. E., et al. (2019) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000002301 · Cited by 51
“Youths’ ART adherence was assessed annually from the 6 month to 2.5 year visits and from the 4-year visit onward during separate interviews with youth and caregivers using a questionnaire from the Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group [27,28] modified by PHACS.”
MethodInfluential
Developing Useful Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Measures for India: The Prerana Study
Ekstrand, M. L., Chandy, S., Heylen, E., Steward, W. T., & Singh, G. (2010) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0b013e3181ba3e4e · Cited by 51
Justification for a new cohort study of people aging with and without HIV infection
Justice, A. C., Landefeld, C. S., Asch, S. M., Gifford, A. L., Whalen, C. C., & Covinsky, K. E. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(01)00440-1 · Cited by 51
Self-citation
Psychosocial interventions and medication adherence in bipolar disorder
Depp, C. A., Moore, D. J., Patterson, T. L., Lebowitz, B. D., & Jeste, D. V. (2008) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2008.10.2/cadepp · Cited by 51
Medication Adherence and Sexual Risk Behavior among HIV-Infected Adults: Implications for Transmission of Resistant Virus
Remien, R. H., Exner, T. M., Morin, S. F., Ehrhardt, A. Α., Johnson, M. O., Correale, J., Marhefka, S. L., Kirshenbaum, S. B., Weinhardt, L. S., Rotheram‐Borus, M. J., et al. (2007) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-006-9201-8 · Cited by 50
“…et al., 2003), older age (Mellins, Kang, Leu, Havens, & Chesney, 2003), increased viral load (Paterson et al., 2000), lower levels of social support (Power et al., 2003), alcohol and drug use (Chesney et al., 2000; Mellins et al., 2003), and depression (Murphy et al., 2001; Paterson et al., 2000).”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citation
Who Will Show? Predicting Missed Visits Among Patients in Routine HIV Primary Care in the United States
Pence, B. W., Bengtson, A. M., Boswell, S., Christopoulos, K., Crane, H. M., Geng, E. H., Keruly, J. C., Mathews, W. C., & Mugavero, M. J. (2018) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-018-2215-1 · Cited by 50
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in a context of universal access, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Remien, R. H., Bastos, F. I., Jnr, V. T., Raxach, J. C., Pinto, R. M., Parker, R. G., Berkman, A., & Hacker, M. A. (2006) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540120600842516 · Cited by 50
“Recent self-reported antiretroviral medication adherence was assessed over a three-day period using an adherence survey developed for use in AIDS Clinical Trials (Chesney et al., 2000).”
MethodInfluential
Stress management effects on perceived stress and cervical neoplasia in low-income HIV-infected women
Antoni, M. H., Pereira, D. B., Marion, I., Ennis, N., Andrasik, M. P., Rose, R. C., McCalla, J. R., Simon, T., FLETCHER, M. A., Lucci, J. A., et al. (2008) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2008.06.002 · Cited by 49
Adherence in the Treatment of Patients With Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis and HIV in South Africa
O’Donnell, M. R., Wolf, A., Werner, L., Horsburgh, C. R., & Padayatchi, N. (2014) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0000000000000221 · Cited by 49
“It is probable that these self-reported adherence figures are an overestimate because patients may be hesitant to report the extent of their nonadherence to study staff.(35,36) In our cohort, KAB including knowledge of the relationship between TB and HIV, attitudes around XDR-TB and HIV stigma, and beliefs regarding a…”
Result
An adherence trilogy is essential for long-term HAART success
Garcia, R., Schooley, R. T., & Badaró, R. J. D. S. (2003) · The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1590/s1413-86702003000500005 · Cited by 49
“Nevertheless, there are many contradictory data concerning sociodemographic background, social support, alcohol or illicit drugs use [15].”
BackgroundInfluential
Improving health outcomes among individuals with HIV, mental illness, and substance use disorders in the Southeast
Whetten, K., Reif, S., Ostermann, J., Pence, B. W., Swartz, M. S., Whetten, R., Conover, C. J., Bouis, S., Thielman, N. M., & Eron, J. J. (2006) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540120600839330 · Cited by 49
“The survey instruments also assessed HIV risk behavior, physical health and functioning (Ware et al., 1993), medication use, medication adherence (Chesney et al., 2000), and health care utilization.”
Background
Changes in Oxidative Stress Indices of Saliva by Menstrual Cycle and Endurance Exercise
Hayashida, H., Shimura, M., Sugama, K., Kanda, K., & Suzuki, K. (2010) · Japanese Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1625/jcam.7.125 · Cited by 49
Longitudinal adherence to antiretroviral drugs for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Zambia
Okawa, S., Chirwa, M., Ishikawa, N., Kapyata, H., Msiska, C., Syakantu, G., Miyano, S., Komada, K., Jimba, M., & Yasuoka, J. (2015) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-015-0697-7 · Cited by 49
Health Literacy and Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among HIV-Infected Youth
Navarra, A.-M. D., Neu, N. M., Toussi, S. S., NELSON, J. A., & Larson, E. (2013) · Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care · doi:10.1016/j.jana.2012.11.003 · Cited by 55
“…in HIV clinical and research practice, since the development of the adherence questionnaire used in the Adult AIDS Clinical Trial Group studies (Chesney et al., 2000), and a priori reliability estimates have been described as good; Cronbach’s alpha of questions relating to missed doses…”
Environmental Influences on HIV Medication Adherence: The Role of Neighborhood Disorder
Surratt, H. L., Kurtz, S. P., Levi‐Minzi, M. A., & Chen, M. (2015) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2015.302612 · Cited by 49
“For this study, the GAIN was supplemented with brief standardized instruments to assess HIV diagnosis/ treatment history (32), and recent ARV adherence and reasons for non-adherence (33); newly developed items captured ARV diversion behaviors.”
Method
Cultural adaptation of a cognitive-behavioural intervention to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV/AIDS in Zimbabwe: Nzira Itsva
Bere, T. C., Nyamayaro, P. C., Magidson, J. F., Chibanda, D., Chingono, A., Munjoma, R., Macpherson, K., Ndhlovu, C. E., O’Cleirigh, C. M., Kidia, K. K., et al. (2016) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105315626783 · Cited by 49
“A researcher also interviewed all 30 participants with the Adult AIDS Clinical Trial Group (AACTG) questionnaire for self-reported adherence (Chesney et al., 2000) which had been translated into Shona.”
Method
Brief Report: Interpersonal and Intrapersonal Factors as Parallel Independent Mediators in the Association Between Internalized HIV Stigma and ART Adherence
Seghatol-Eslami, V. C., Dark, H. E., Raper, J. L., Mugavero, M. J., Turan, J. M., & Turan, B. (2016) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0000000000001177 · Cited by 49
Pain Treatment and Antiretroviral Medication Adherence Among Vulnerable HIV-Positive Patients
Surratt, H. L., Kurtz, S. P., Levi‐Minzi, M. A., Cicero, T. J., Tsuyuki, K., & O’Grady, C. L. (2014) · AIDS Patient Care and STDs · doi:10.1089/apc.2014.0104 · Cited by 48
Assessment of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in Perinatally HIV-Infected Children and Youth Using Self-Report Measures and Pill Count
Farley, J. J., Montepiedra, G., Storm, D. S., Sirois, P. A., Malee, K., Garvie, P. A., Kammerer, B. L., Naar‐King, S., & Nichols, S. (2008) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/dbp.0b013e3181856d22 · Cited by 48
Relationships Among Neurocognitive Status, Medication Adherence Measured by Pharmacy Refill Records, and Virologic Suppression in HIV-Infected Persons
Andrade, A. S., Deutsch, R., Celano, S. A., Duarte, N. A., Marcotte, T. D., Umlauf, A., Atkinson, J. H., McCutchan, J. A., Franklin, D. R., Alexander, T. J., et al. (2012) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0b013e31827ed678 · Cited by 47
“Self-reported adherence was determined by a 4-day report (proportion of prescribed doses taken) of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group Adherence Questionnaire.38”
Method
Antiretroviral Adherence During Pregnancy and Postpartum in Latin America
Kreitchmann, R., Harris, D. R., Kakehasi, F. M., Haberer, J. E., Cahn, P. E., Losso, M. H., Teles, E., Pilotto, J. H., Hofer, C. B., & Read, F. T. N. L. S. T. J. S. (2012) · AIDS Patient Care and STDs · doi:10.1089/apc.2012.0013 · Cited by 48
Health Risk Behaviors among HIV-Infected Youth in Bangkok, Thailand
Rongkavilit, C., Naar‐King, S., Chuenyam, T., Wang, B., Wright, K., & Phanuphak, P. (2007) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2006.11.004 · Cited by 48
Early Warning Indicators for First-Line Virologic Failure Independent of Adherence Measures in a South African Urban Clinic
Marconi, V. C., Wu, B., Hampton, J., Ordóñez, C. E., Johnson, B. A., Singh, D., John, S., Gordon, M. L., Hare, A. Q., Murphy, R. A., et al. (2013) · AIDS Patient Care and STDs · doi:10.1089/apc.2013.0263 · Cited by 48
A Visual Medication Schedule to Improve Anticoagulation Control: A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Machtinger, E. L., Wang, F. M., Chen, L.-L., Rodriguez, M., Wu, S., & Schillinger, D. (2007) · The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety · doi:10.1016/s1553-7250(07)33072-9 · Cited by 48
Prevalence, Predictors, and Outcomes of Early Adherence after Starting or Changing Antiretroviral Therapy
Mathews, W. C., Mar-Tang, M., Ballard, C., Colwell, B., Abulhosn, K., Noonan, C., BARBER, R. E., & Wall, T. L. (2002) · AIDS Patient Care and STDs · doi:10.1089/10872910252930867 · Cited by 48
Modeling and simulation of adherence: Approaches and applications in therapeutics
Kenna, L. A., Labbé, L., Barrett, J. S., & Pfister, M. (2005) · The AAPS Journal · doi:10.1208/aapsj070240 · Cited by 48
Adherence to biomedical HIV prevention methods: Considerations drawn from HIV treatment adherence research
Stirratt, M. J., & Gordon, C. M. (2008) · Current HIV/AIDS Reports · doi:10.1007/s11904-008-0027-z · Cited by 47
“The commonly used AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) Adherence Questionnaire [16, 21 ] asks about missed doses over the past 4 days.”
MethodResult
Alcohol use, antiretroviral therapy adherence, and preferences regarding an alcohol-focused adherence intervention in patients with human immunodeficiency virus
Kekwaletswe, C., & Morojele, N. (2014) · Patient Preference and Adherence · doi:10.2147/ppa.s55547 · Cited by 47
Revision and validation of Medication Adherence Reasons Scale (MAR-Scale)
Unni, E., Olson, J. L., & Farris, K. B. (2013) · Current Medical Research and Opinion · doi:10.1185/03007995.2013.851075 · Cited by 47
Type of Substance Use and Access to HIV-Related Health Care
Cunningham, C. O., Sohler, N., Berg, K. M., Shapiro, S., & Heller, D. I. (2006) · AIDS Patient Care and STDs · doi:10.1089/apc.2006.20.399 · Cited by 47
Coping with HIV Treatment Side Effects: Conceptualization, Measurement, and Linkages
Johnson, M. O., & Neilands, T. B. (2007) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-007-9229-4 · Cited by 47
“Recent self-reported antiretroviral medication adherence was assessed over a 3-day period using an adherence survey developed for use in the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG; Chesney et al., 2000).”
Method
Racial Differences in Response to Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Infection: An AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) Study Analysis
Ribaudo, H. J., Smith, K. Y., Robbins, G. K., Flexner, C. W., Haubrich, R., Chen, Y., Fischl, M. A., Schackman, B. R., Riddler, S. A., & Gulick, R. M. (2013) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/cit595 · Cited by 47
Development and validation of an instrument to assess treatment adherence for each individual drug taken by a patient
Sidorkiewicz, S., Tran, V.-T., Cousyn, C., Perrodeau, É., & Ravaud, P. (2016) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010510 · Cited by 47
After the euphoria: HIV medical technologies from the perspective of their prescribers
Rosengarten, M., Imrie, J. C., Flowers, P., Davis, M., & Hart, G. J. (2004) · Sociology of Health & Illness · doi:10.1111/j.0141-9889.2004.00406.x · Cited by 47
The Physical, Emotional and Interpersonal Impact of HAART: Exploring the Realities of HIV Seropositive Individuals on Combination Therapy
Halkitis, P., Shrem, M. T., Zade, D. D., & Wilton, L. (2005) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105305051421 · Cited by 54
“In fact, these complex HIV regimens (Cheever & Wu, 1999; Chesney et al., 2000; Durante et al., 2003; Giordano et al., 2003; Halkitis, Parsons, Wolitski, & Remien, 2003; Ickovics & Meade, 2002) require greater adherence than any other medical treatment (Rodriguez-Rosado, Jimenez-Nacher, Soriano, Anton, & Gonzalez-Lahoz…”
BackgroundInfluential
Recomendaciones GESIDA/SEFH/PNS para mejorar la adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral en el año 2004
Knobel, H., Escobar, I., Polo, R., Ortega, L., Conde, M. T. M., Casado, J. L., Codina, C., Fernández, J. A. C., Galindo, M. A. J., Barrueta, O. I., et al. (2005) · Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica · doi:10.1157/13073149 · Cited by 47
Modified Directly Observed Antiretroviral Therapy Compared With Self-administered Therapy in Treatment-Naïve HIV-1–Infected Patients
Gross, R. (2009) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2009.172 · Cited by 47
Self-Reported Adherence to Antiretroviral Treatment and Degree of Sense of Coherence in a Group of HIV-Infected Patients
Cederfjäll, C., Langius‐Eklöf, A., Lidman, K., & Wredling, R. (2002) · AIDS Patient Care and STDs · doi:10.1089/108729102761882143 · Cited by 47
Systematic Review of the Psychometric Properties of the Questionnaire to Evaluate the Adherence to HIV Therapy (CEAT-VIH)
Remor, E. (2013) · Patient · doi:10.1007/s40271-013-0009-0 · Cited by 46
Relationship of race-, sexual orientation-, and HIV-related discrimination with adherence to HIV treatment: a pilot study
Boarts, J. M., Bogart, L. M., Tabak, M. A., Armelie, A. P., & Delahanty, D. L. (2008) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-008-9169-0 · Cited by 46
“…disorder (PTSD), and depression, has been associated with greater nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy (Ammassari et al. 2004; Boarts et al. 2006; Chesney et al. 2000; Cohen et al. 2001; French et al. 2005; Gonzalez et al. 2004; Gordillo et al. 1999; Johnson et al. 2003; Mellins et al. 2003;…”
BackgroundMethod
Enhancing Lay Counselor Capacity to Improve Patient Outcomes with Multimedia Technology
Robbins, R. N., Mellins, C. A., Leu, C., Rowe, J. C., Warne, P. A., Abrams, E. J., Witte, S. S., Stein, D. J., & Remien, R. H. (2015) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-014-0988-4 · Cited by 46
“Adherence self-efficacy was assessed via 14 items from the AACTG adherence instruments [41].”
Use of HAART Among Young People Living With HIV
Comulada, W. S., Swendeman, D. T., Rotheram‐Borus, M. J., Mattes, K. M., & Weiss, R. E. (2003) · American Journal of Health Behavior · doi:10.5993/ajhb.27.4.11 · Cited by 46
Multi-level Determinants of Clinic Attendance and Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence Among Fishermen Living with HIV/AIDS in Communities on Lake Victoria, Uganda
Sileo, K. M., Wanyenze, R. K., Kizito, W., Reed, E., Brodine, S. K., Chemusto, H., Musoke, W., Mukasa, B., & Kiene, S. M. (2018) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-018-2207-1 · Cited by 46
HIV-Associated Prospective Memory Impairment in the Laboratory Predicts Failures on a Semi-Naturalistic Measure of Health Care Compliance
Zogg, J. B., Woods, S. P., Weber, E., Iudicello, J. E., Dawson, M., Grant, I., & Ce, T. H. N. R. (2010) · The Clinical Neuropsychologist · doi:10.1080/13854046.2010.501343 · Cited by 45
“A number of factors may influence an HIV-infected individual's ability to comply with these requirements, including demographics (eg, ethnicity), health beliefs (eg, attitudes toward medicine), disease severity (eg, nadir CD4 count), psychiatric symptoms (eg, depression), social variables (eg, social support), and env…”
Background
Patients' Answers to Simple Questions About Treatment Satisfaction and Adherence and Depression Are Associated with Failure of HAART: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Barfod, T. S., Gerstoft, J., Rodkjær, L. Ø., Pedersen, C., Nielsen, H. V., Møller, A., Kristensen, L. H., Sørensen, H. T., & Obel, N. (2005) · AIDS Patient Care and STDs · doi:10.1089/apc.2005.19.317 · Cited by 45
The Veterans Aging Cohort Study: Observational Studies of Alcohol Use, Abuse, and Outcomes Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Veterans
Conigliaro, J. C., Madenwald, T., BRYANT, K. J., Braithwaite, R. S., Gordon, A. J., Fultz, S. L., Maisto, S. A., Samet, J. H., Kraemer, K. L., Cook, R. L., et al. (2004) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1097/01.alc.0000113414.73220.21 · Cited by 46
Type D personality, self-efficacy, and medication adherence in patients with heart failure—A mediation analysis
Wu, J. R., Song, E. K., & Moser, D. K. (2015) · Heart & Lung · doi:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2015.03.006 · Cited by 45

Authors: Chesney, M. A., Ickovics, J. R., Chambers, D. B., Gifford, A. L., Neidig, J., Zwickl, B., Wu, A. W., & PATIENT CARE COMMITTEE & ADHERENCE
Affiliations: University of California, San Francisco (US)
Yale University (US)
University of California San Diego (US)
The Ohio State University (US)
Indiana University Indianapolis (US)
Johns Hopkins University (US)
ORCID: Chesney, M. A.
Ickovics, J. R.
Gifford, A. L.
Wu, A. W.
Venue: AIDS Care
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2000-06
Volume: 12
Issue: 3
Pages: 255-266
ISSN: 0954-0121 (ISSN-L)
1360-0451
DOI: 10.1080/09540120050042891
OpenAlex: W2088423598
Cited by: 1,428
References: 12
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 53 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 55 · 2018: 61 · 2017: 66 · 2016: 67 · 2015: 76 · 2014: 81 · 2013: 84 · 2012: 74
FWCI: 27.22
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: AIDS Care (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (P50-MH42459, P30MH059037, P50MH042459, P30-MH 59037)
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U01AI-38858, U01AI038858)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
Health Sciences › Medicine › Family Practice › Medication Adherence and Compliance
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
Keywords: antiretroviral therapy adherence, HIV, self-report questionnaire, medication non-adherence, adherence self-efficacy, alcohol consumption, protease inhibitors, clinical trial participants, questionnaire development
MeSH terms: Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Clinical Trials as Topic, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance, Pilot Projects, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, HIV Infections, Anti-HIV Agents, Substance-Related Disorders

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Self-reported adherence to antiretroviral medications among participants in HIV clinical trials: The AACTG Adherence Instruments

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