Stigma and social barriers to medication adherence with urban youth living with HIV
Abstract
Youth adherence to highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) is poor, and little research exists that identifies the reasons youth have difficulty adhering to medications. Given that complete adherence is necessary for favourable health outcomes, it is essential to examine the obstacles youth face in adhering to HAART. The present investigation sought to identify these barriers and to systematically examine the experiences and attitudes youth have towards medications. Twenty-five adolescents and young adults presenting to a public primary care facility for treatment of HIV infection were asked to participate in focus groups which explored their attitudes and experiences around medication adherence. Participants provided richly detailed descriptions of the challenges of managing HIV stigma and their efforts to hide their status from friends, family, doctors, and even themselves. Fifty percent of respondents indicated that they skipped doses because they feared family or friends would discover their status. These results suggest that HIV stigma impacts treatment for youth on several levels, from the accuracy of communication with medical providers to medication adherence, subsequent health outcomes, and the emergence of treatment resistant strains.
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Prior research indicates that wrong information about treatment, embarrassment, and expected disapproval from family and peers can cause patients or parents to miss doses or stop treatment early.
“Previous research indicates that inaccurate information about treatment, embarrassment, and anticipated disapproval from family and peers can lead patients or parents to skip medication doses or prematurely discontinue treatment.37,39”
From Medication Adherence in the MTA: Saliva Methylphenidate Samples Versus Parent Report and Mediating Effect of Concomitant Behavioral Treatment (2009) · cites this paper as [37]
A study of HIV treatment adherence found that many young patients saw their providers as powerful authorities and admitted giving inaccurate adherence information to avoid blame and criticism.
“one study of youths' adherence to human immunodeficiency virus therapy found that many participants viewed their health care providers as powerful authorities and admitted to giving them inaccurate adherence information to avoid blame and criticism.37”
From Medication Adherence in the MTA: Saliva Methylphenidate Samples Versus Parent Report and Mediating Effect of Concomitant Behavioral Treatment (2009) · cites this paper as [37]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Rao, D., Kekwaletswe, T. C., Hosek, S., Martinez, J., & Rodriguez, F.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science (US)
- John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rao, D.
- Venue
- AIDS Care
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2007-01
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 28-33
- ISSN
- 0954-0121 (ISSN-L)
- 1360-0451
- OpenAlex
- W2076236055
- Cited by
- 391
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 8.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- AIDS Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Family Practice › Medication Adherence and Compliance
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Keywords
- HIV stigma, medication adherence, adolescents and young adults, HIV, highly active antiretroviral therapy, urban youth, concealment of HIV status, dose skipping, attitudes toward medication, social barriers, primary care
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Attitude to Health, Female, Humans, Male, Patient Compliance, Self Disclosure, Social Isolation, Stereotyping, HIV Infections, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
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