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The effectiveness of creativity training: A quantitative review
Abstract
: Over the course of the last half century, numerous training programs intended to develop creativity capacities have been proposed. In this study, a quantitative meta‐analysis of program evaluation efforts was conducted. Based on 70 prior studies, it was found that well‐designed creativity training programs typically induce gains in performance with these effects generalizing across criteria, settings, and target populations. Moreover, these effects held when internal validity considerations were taken into account. An examination of the factors contributing to the relative effectiveness of these training programs indicated that more successful programs were likely to focus on development of cognitive skills and the heuristics involved in skill application, using realistic exercises appropriate to the domain at hand. The implications of these observations for the development of creativity through educational and training interventions are discussed along with directions for future research.
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“Our scoping search has identified only three systematic reviews in students or general population focusing on the impact of CTPIP (i.e., Davies et al., 2013;Scott et al., 2004;Valgeirsdottir & Onarheim, 2017).”
From Creativity training programs in primary education: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as Scott et al., 2004
In the citing paper
“a wide variety of activities based on a previous cognitive process, which are relatively challenging from a contextual perspective and include a series of practical exercises to apply the strategies acquired (Scott et al., 2004);”
From Creativity training programs in primary education: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as Scott et al., 2004
In the citing paper
“These results align with those obtained by Scott et al. (2004), and clearly unveil that there is still no agreement on what methodology should be used mainly in CTPIP to further enhance the typical developing primary education pupils' creativity or divergent thinking.”
From Creativity training programs in primary education: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as Scott et al. (2004)
In the citing paper
“it is demonstrated that CTPIP influence the development of their creative potential, as already exposed by authors such as Scott et al. (2004), andValgeirsdottir &Onarheim (2017).”
From Creativity training programs in primary education: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as Scott et al. (2004)
In the citing paper
“Obviously, the number of studies included in this review can be considered small, especially when compared to the number of studies included in other reviews on CTPIP (e.g., Scott et al., 2004;Valgeirsdottir & Onarheim, 2017).”
From Creativity training programs in primary education: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as Scott et al., 2004
In the citing paper
“Research and experts suggest the utility of many additional creativity enhancement techniques (see, e.g., Thornhill-Miller and Dupont 2016), and the largest and most rapid effects are often attributed to these more method- or technique-oriented approaches (Scott et al. 2004).”
From Creativity, Critical Thinking, Communication, and Collaboration: Assessment, Certification, and Promotion of 21st Century Skills for the Future of Work and Education (2023) · cites this paper as Scott et al. 2004
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BackgroundHanda, M. C. (2013) · Gifted Education International · doi:10.1177/0261429413489161 · Cited by 3
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BackgroundCreativity Training for Future Engineers: Preliminary Results from an Educative ExperiencePreprint
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“) the lack of research and structure in the theoretical frameworks, course designs, training techniques and instructional media, , leaves teachers and educational program designers with very little empirical evidence on which to base effective and efficient programs [14, 15, 16].”
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BackgroundIntroduction: Creativity and Education
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“…intervention programs on students’ creativity in the existing literature (Alves Oliveira et al., 2022; Rose & Lin, 1984; Ruiz-Del-Pino et al., 2022; Scott et al., 2004; Torrance, 1972), only one meta-analysis, conducted two decades ago found to examine the effectiveness of art education to develop…”
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“Studies on the development of creativity suggest that successful programmes were likely to focus on the development of cognitive skills and the heuristics involved in skill application, using realistic exercises appropriate to specific domains (Hennessey and Amabile, 2010; Kaufman and Baer, 2005; Madjar et al., 2008;…”
BackgroundCardiorespiratory response to hypoxia in persons with different levels of creativity
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Is engineering creativity different from creativity in other disciplines?
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“, 2004), there is substantial evidence concerning the effectiveness of creativity training (Scott et al., 2004).”
BackgroundKennel, V. L., & Lowndes, B. R. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-91841-1.00021-x · Cited by 3
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“After analyzing 70 creativity training studies, Scott et al. (2004) concluded that creativity is indeed trainable, particularly when the training focuses on cognitive skills that underline creative efforts and includes long and challenging series of exercises (Scott, Leritz, and Mumford 2004).”
InfluentialInfluence of Creativity Stimulation on Brain Connectivity during Divergent Thinking Tasks
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“Scott et al. (2004) reviewed the effectiveness of creativity for 70 previous studies about developing the capacity of creativity through training programs.”
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A structured approach to training open-ended problem solving
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“Scott et al [6] analyze 70 studies of such programs.”
BackgroundEsjeholm, B.-T. (2012) · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- Scott, G., Leritz, L. E., & Mumford, M. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Oklahoma (US)
- Venue
- Creativity Research Journal
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2004-12-01
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 361-388
- ISSN
- 1040-0419 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-6934
- OpenAlex
- W2148809109
- Cited by
- 1,132
- References
- 172
- Citations by year
- 2026: 53 · 2025: 60 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 100 · 2022: 75 · 2021: 72 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 81 · 2018: 85 · 2017: 71 · 2016: 76 · 2015: 72 · 2014: 65 · 2013: 45 · 2012: 35
- FWCI
- 12.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Creativity Research Journal (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Creativity in Education and Neuroscience
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Design Education and Practice
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Keywords
- creativity training, creativity development, training program effectiveness, program evaluation, cognitive skills, heuristics, transfer of training, internal validity
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