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Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Abstract
A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies was conducted to examine the relation between fruit and vegetables (FV) consumption and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We searched PubMed and EMBASE up to June 2014 for relevant studies. Pooled relative risks (RRs) were calculated and dose-response relationship was assessed. Thirty-eight studies, consisting of 47 independent cohorts, were eligible in this meta-analysis. There were 1,498,909 participants (44,013 CVD events) with a median follow-up of 10.5 years. The pooled RR (95% confidence interval) of CVD for the highest versus lowest category was 0.83 (0.79-0.86) for FV consumption, 0.84 (0.79-0.88) for fruit consumption, and 0.87 (0.83-0.91) for vegetable consumption, respectively. Dose-response analysis showed that those eating 800 g per day of FV consumption had the lowest risk of CVD. Our results indicate that increased FV intake is inversely associated with the risk of CVD. This meta-analysis provides strong support for the current recommendations to consume a high amount of FV to reduce CVD risk.
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“In terms of relating fruit and vegetable intake to risk for cardiovascular disease, a recent meta-analysis showed that adults consuming five daily servings of fruit and vegetables (∼400 g) had a 15 % reduced risk of CVDs, while those consuming 2.5 daily servings (∼200 g) had a 8 % reduced risk of CVDs compared to adults who did not eat any fruit and vegetables over a 10.5-year follow-up period [78”
From Smoking, screen-based sedentary behavior, and diet associated with habitual sleep duration and chronotype: data from the UK Biobank (2016) · cites this paper as [78]
In the citing paper
“In terms of relating fruit and vegetable intake to risk for cardiovascular disease, a recent meta-analysis showed that adults consuming five daily servings of fruit and vegetables (∼400 g) had a 15 % reduced risk of CVDs, while those consuming 2.5 daily servings (∼200 g) had a 8 % reduced risk of CVDs compared to adults who did not eat any fruit and vegetables over a 10.5-year follow-up period [78”
From Smoking, screen-based sedentary behavior, and diet associated with habitual sleep duration and chronotype: data from the UK Biobank (2016) · cites this paper as [78]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Zhan, J., Liu, Y.-J., Cai, L.-B., Xu, F.-R., Xie, T., & He, Q.-Q.
- Affiliations
- Wuhan University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- He, Qi-Qiang
- Venue
- Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2015-06-26
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1650-1663
- ISSN
- 1040-8398 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-7852
- OpenAlex
- W2149818158
- Cited by
- 217
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 1.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Keywords
- fruit and vegetable intake, cardiovascular risk, fruit consumption, vegetable consumption, dose-response relationship, dietary recommendations, prospective cohort
- MeSH terms
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Fruit, Humans, Risk Factors, Vegetables, Databases, Factual
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