The DOI matches its Crossref record; 74 of the 75 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Carbon, Fossil Fuel, and Biodiversity Mitigation With Wood and Forests
Open accessAbstract
Life-cycle analyses, energy analyses, and a range of utilization efficiencies were developed to determine the carbon dioxide (CO2) and fossil fuel (FF) saved by various solid wood products, wood energy, and unharvested forests. Some products proved very efficient in CO2 and FF savings, while others did not. Not considering forest regrowth after harvest or burning if not harvested, efficient products save much more CO2 than the standing forest; but wood used only for energy generally saves slightly less. Avoided emissions (using wood in place of steel and concrete) contributes the most to CO2 and FF savings compared to the product and wood energy contributions. Burning parts of the harvested logs that are not used for products creates an additional CO2 and FF savings. Using wood substitutes could save 14 to 31% of global CO2 emissions and 12 to 19% of global FF consumption by using 34 to 100% of the world’s sustainable wood growth. Maximizing forest CO2 sequestration may not be compatible with biodiversity. More CO2 can be sequestered synergistically in the products or wood energy and landscape together than in the unharvested landscape. Harvesting sustainably at an optimum stand age will sequester more carbon in the combined products, wood energy, and forest than harvesting sustainably at other ages.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“GHG mitigation efficacy of AR depends on regional contexts, such as local climate conditions (18, 26), forest plantation management strategies (3, 19, 27–30), tree species (28, 31), and wood product types and their life cycle activities [e.g., manufacturing processes, use phase, substitution benefits, and end of life (EOL)] (18, 19, 29, 30).”
From Climate-smart forestry through innovative wood products and commercial afforestation and reforestation on marginal land (2023) · cites this paper as [29]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Oliver et al [76] find it feasible to replace 10% of construction materials, resulting in substantial CO 2 emission reductions.”
From Material efficiency strategies to reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with buildings, vehicles, and electronics—a review (2019) · cites this paper as [76]
In the citing paper
“Second, displaced materials such as cement and steel have high emissions during production [76].”
From Material efficiency strategies to reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with buildings, vehicles, and electronics—a review (2019) · cites this paper as [76]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Global forecasts of urban expansion to 2030 and direct impacts on biodiversity and carbon pools
Seto, K. C., Güneralp, B., & Hutyra, L. R. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1211658109 · Cited by 5,086
Changes in Atmospheric Constituents and in Radiative Forcing
Forster, P. M. D. F., Ramaswamy, V., Artaxo, P. E., Berntsen, T. K., Betts, R., Fahey, D. W., Haywood, J., Lean, J. L., Lowe, D. C., Myhre, G., et al. (2007) · elib (German Aerospace Center) · Cited by 4,638
Land Clearing and the Biofuel Carbon Debt
Fargione, J., Hill, J., Tilman, D., Polasky, S., & Hawthorne, P. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1152747 · Cited by 3,902
(1990) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.28-2141 · Cited by 2,341
Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020
(2020) · FAO eBooks · doi:10.4060/ca8753en · Cited by 2,039
Haberl, H., Erb, K. H., Krausmann, F., Gaube, V., Bondeau, A., Plutzar, C., Gingrich, S., Lucht, W., & Fischer-Kowalski, M. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0704243104 · Cited by 1,617
Embodied energy and carbon in construction materials
Hammond, G. P., & Jones, C. I. (2008) · Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Energy · doi:10.1680/ener.2008.161.2.87 · Cited by 1,065
Governing through Markets: Forest Certification and the Emergence of Non-State Authority
Cashore, B. W., Auld, G. A., & Newsom, D. (2004) · Cited by 1,056
Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M. E., Chen, Z., Marquis, M. C., Averyt, K. B., Tignor, M., & Miller, H. L. (2007) · Cited by 1,023
Research works printed but not linked: 32
- ATHENA Institute, 2004, Environmental Impact Estimator (Version 3.0.1) [Computer software]
- Bergman R. D., 2012, Wood and Fiber Science, 44, 71
- Carle J., 2008, Forest Products Journal, 58, 6
- CORRIM, 2005, CORRIM product report data for Phase I and II
- Energy Information Administration, 2011, International energy outlook 2011
- FAOSTAT, 2012, ForesSTAT
- Han X., 2012, Forest landscape restoration: Integrating natural and social sciences—World Forests, 93
- IPCC, 2006, 2006 IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories: National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme
- Kauppi P., 2001, Climate change 2001: Mitigation—Contribution of Working Group III to the third assessment report of the IPCC, 301
- Krankina O. N., 1994, World Resource Review, 6, 161
- Lippke B., 2006, Forest Products Journal, 56, 58
- Lippke B., 2009, Life-cycle assessment of subassemblies evaluated at the component level: Phase II final report, Module I
- Lippke B., 2004, Forest Products Journal, 54, 8
- Lippke B., 2010, Wood and Fiber Science, 42, 5
- McArdle R. E., 1961, The yield of Douglas-fir in the Pacific Northwest (Technical Bulletin No. 201)
- 2012, The case for tall wood buildings: How mass timber offers a safe, economical, and environmentally friendly alternative for tall building structures
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2009, U.S. Life Cycle Inventory Database
- National Research Council, 1976, Renewable resources for industrial materials: National Research Council, U.S. Committee on Renewable Resources in Materials (CORRIM)
- O’Laughlin J., 2010, Accounting for greenhouse gas emissions from wood biomass: Policy analysis group series
- Oliver C. D., 1991, Are Forests the Answer?: Proceedings of the 1990 Society of American Foresters National Convention
- Oneil E., 2010, Wood and Fiber Science, 42, 144
- Perez-Garcia J., 2005, Wood and Fiber Science, 37, 3
- Perez-Garcia J., 2005, Wood and Fiber Science, 37, 140
- Perez-Garcia J. P., 1997, How forests help reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere: Report to the Subcommittee on Forests and Forest Health of the Committee on Resources, United States House of Representatives
- Ryan M. G., 2010, Issues in Ecology, 13, 1
- Schulze E.-D., 2012, GCB Bioenergy, 10, 1
- Toumey J. W., 1928, Foundations of silviculture upon and ecological basis (Volume 1)
- UN-ECE/FAO, 2000, Forest resources of Europe, CIS, North America, Australia, Japan, and New Zealand (industrialized temperate/boreal countries): UN-ECE/FAO contribution to the global forest resources assessment 2000
- UN-FAO, 2000, Global forest resources assessment 2000
- UN-FAO, 2012, FAO forestry databases
- U.S. Geological Survey, 2011, Mineral commodity summaries 2011
- Winistorfer P., 2005, Wood and Fiber Science, 37, 128
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The wood from the trees: The use of timber in construction
Ramage, M. H., Burridge, H., Busse-Wicher, M., Fereday, G., Reynolds, T., Shah, D. U., Wu, G., Yu, L., Fleming, P., Densley-Tingley, D., et al. (2017) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2016.09.107 · Cited by 1,402
Rissman, J., Bataille, C., Masanet, E., Aden, N., Morrow, W. R., Zhou, N., Elliott, N., Dell, R., Heeren, N., Huckestein, B., et al. (2020) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.114848 · Cited by 1,040
Buildings as a global carbon sink
Churkina, G., Organschi, A., Reyer, C. P. O., Ruff, A., Vinke, K., Liu, Z., Reck, B. K., Graedel, T. E., & Schellnhuber, H. J. (2020) · Nature Sustainability · doi:10.1038/s41893-019-0462-4 · Cited by 1,045
Natural climate solutions for the United States
Fargione, J. E., Bassett, S., Boucher, T., Bridgham, S. D., Conant, R. T., Cook-Patton, S. C., Ellis, P. W., Falcucci, A., Fourqurean, J. W., Gopalakrishna, T., et al. (2018) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aat1869 · Cited by 588
Hertwich, E. G., Ali, S., Ciacci, L., Fishman, T., Heeren, N., Masanet, E., Asghari, F. N., Olivetti, E., Pauliuk, S., Tu, Q., et al. (2019) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab0fe3 · Cited by 477
Metadata
- Authors
- Oliver, C. D., Nassar, N. T., Lippke, B. R., & McCarter, J. B.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Oliver, Chadwick Dearing
- Venue
- Journal of Sustainable Forestry
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2014-03-28
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 248-275
- ISSN
- 1054-9811 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-756X
- OpenAlex
- W2046071902
- Cited by
- 234
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 4.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Sustainable Forestry (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Forest Service
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Forestry › Forest Management and Policy
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Forestry › Wood Residue Utilization and Solid Biofuels
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Environmental Impact and Sustainability
- Keywords
- wood products, wood energy, CO2 emissions, fossil fuel consumption, avoided emissions, wood substitute, forest carbon sequestration, biodiversity, sustainable harvesting, stand age, utilization efficiency, life cycle assessment
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
