Psychosocial correlates of emotional distress and risk behavior in african-american women at risk for hiv infection
Open accessAbstract
We examined a model of stress and coping in 749 African-American women at risk for HIV infection. Women in the sample were either homeless, intravenous drug users (IVDUs) sexual partners of IVDUs, or prostitutes. A model was hypothesized based on stress and coping theory and research. Antecedents studied were personal resources, specifically self-esteem and available support. Mediators were threat appraisal and coping efforts. Outcomes studied were emotional distress and HIV risk behaviors. Structural equation modeling techniques were used to test hypothesized pathways between these variables. Forty-five percent of the variance in emotional distress in these women was explained by the model with self-esteem and avoidant coping the strongest predictors. Ten percent of the variance in risk behavior was explained by the model with emotional distress the strongest predictor. Direct and indirect pathways predicting risk behavior and distress are discussed. Implications of results for intervention and theory building are considered.
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Stress and coping are significant factors that explain health disparities among African American women.
“These disparities in health might relate to how African American women experience and cope with stress (Giscombé & Lobel, 2005; Kwate, Valdimarsdottir, Guevarra, & Bovbjerg, 2003; Nyamathi, Wayment, & Dunkel-Schetter, 1993).”
From Superwoman Schema: African American Women’s Views on Stress, Strength, and Health (2010) · cites this paper as Nyamathi, Wayment, & Dunkel-Schetter, 1993
Cites
Socioeconomic Status Differences in Vulnerability to Undesirable Life Events
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Superwoman Schema: African American Women’s Views on Stress, Strength, and Health
Woods-Giscombé, C. L. (2010) · Qualitative Health Research · doi:10.1177/1049732310361892 · Cited by 802 · see citing works
Szymanski, D. M., & Henrichs-Beck, C. (2014) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/s11199-013-0329-5 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Bandermann, K. M., & Szymanski, D. M. (2014) · Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity · doi:10.1037/sgd0000044 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Substance use and its relationship to depression, anxiety, and isolation among youth living with HIV
Rotheram-Borus, M. J., Murphy, D. A., Swendeman, D., Chao, B., Chabon, B., Zhou, S., Birnbaum, J., & O’Hara, P. (1999) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1207/s15327558ijbm0604_1 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
- Authors
- Nyamathi, A., Wayment, H. A., & Dunkel-schetter, C.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- University of California
- Venue
- Anxiety, Stress, & Coping
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1993-01
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 133-148
- ISSN
- 1061-5806 (ISSN-L)
- 1477-2205
- OpenAlex
- W2025507327
- Cited by
- 38
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- escholarship.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Anxiety Stress & Coping (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Homelessness and Social Issues
- Keywords
- HIV risk behavior, emotional distress, African American women, stress coping, self-esteem, social support, threat appraisal, avoidance coping, homeless women, people who inject drugs, sex workers, HIV prevention
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