Quantitative HPTLC Analysis of Artemisinin in Dried Artemisia annua L.: A Practical Approach
Abstract
Artemisinin, an antimalarial substance, is obtained on a large scale from dried leaves of Artemisia annua L. To monitor the plant during growth, determine time of harvest, or evaluate the commercial value of plant material—all with respect to the artemisinin content—it is most important to have available a simple, rapid, and cost efficient, yet dependable quantitative method of analysis. In this paper, we propose a streamlined and practical approach, taking into account a critical review of several papers recently published on the subject, as well as experimental and validation data obtained in our laboratory. The resulting HPTLC method utilizes separation on silica gel 60 with cyclohexane, ethyl acetate, acetic acid (20:10:1) as mobile phase, derivatization with modified anisaldehyde reagent and highly specific densitometric evaluation of fluorescence at 520 nm with a cut‐off filter at 540 nm. Over a wide concentration range of 20 ng absolute (0.05% in the dried plant material) up to a theoretical amount of 1,300 ng (3.25%), the method can be applied for screening the artemisinin content of 9 samples in an hour. Following a suitable dilution, a precise and accurate assay can be performed in the linear working range of 30–100 ng absolute.
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TLC can provide both a phytochemical fingerprint and when compared to a known standard of artemisinin, can also validate artemisinin content in extracts.
“TLC can provide both a phytochemical fingerprint and when compared to a known standard of artemisinin, can also validate artemisinin content in extracts (Widmer et al. 2007; Khan et al. 2015).”
From Enhancing artemisinin content in and delivery from Artemisia annua: a review of alternative, classical, and transgenic approaches (2021) · cites this paper as Widmer et al. 2007
A TLC method with p-anisaldehyde staining that is specific for terpenes staining dark blue can quantify artemisinin, which stains a distinctive fuchsia color.
“A TLC method with p -anisaldehyde staining that is specific for terpenes staining dark blue can quantify artemisinin, which stains a distinctive fuchsia color (Widmer et al. 2007).”
From Enhancing artemisinin content in and delivery from Artemisia annua: a review of alternative, classical, and transgenic approaches (2021) · cites this paper as Widmer et al. 2007
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Sesquiterpene Lactones from<i>Artemisia</i>Genus: Biological Activities and Methods of Analysis
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“developed an extract fromArtemisia annua leaves (obtained by sonication in toluene) on silica gel 60 plates with mobile phase cyclohexane : ethyl acetate : acetic acid (20 : 10 : 1), derivatization with anisaldehyde reagent in ethanol : water (10 : 8), heated at 100C, for 12 minutes, and densitometric evaluation of fl…”
MethodDevelopment of HPLC analytical protocols for quantification of artemisinin in biomass and extracts
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Khan, S., Ali, A., Ahmad, S., & Abdin, M. Z. (2015) · Biomedical Chromatography · doi:10.1002/bmc.3465 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
- Authors
- Widmer, V., Handloser, D., & Reich, E.
- Affiliations
- a CAMAG Laboratory , Muttenz, Switzerland
- Corresponding author
- Reich, E.
- ORCID
- Reich, E.
- Venue
- Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2007-06-28
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- 2209-2219
- ISSN
- 1082-6076 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-572X
- OpenAlex
- W2091655106
- Cited by
- 20
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Chromatography in Natural Products
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Analytical Methods in Pharmaceuticals
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Traditional Chinese Medicine Analysis
- Keywords
- artemisinin, Artemisia annua, HPTLC, quantitative analysis, densitometry, fluorescence detection, antimalarial compounds, method validation
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