A cross-cultural validation of the perceived destination restorative qualities scale: the Chinese perspective
Abstract
Leisure travel entails a necessary tourist–environment exchange, understanding of which becomes critical when considering the role of tourism in providing rest and relaxation. The aim of this study was to understand the restorative functions of tourism destinations in the Chinese context. We attempted to confirm the cross-cultural stability of the measurement scale of perceived destination restorative qualities (PDRQ) and the relation to its nomological network including destination setting, overall sense of recovery, and satisfaction. The construct dimensionality was confirmed; however, contrary to the Western literature, the effects of destination restorativeness on recovery and satisfaction were more pronounced in urban rather than nature-based vacations for Chinese travelers.
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The six dimensions of perceived destination restorative qualities among Chinese wellness tourists align with restorative dimensions previously proposed and empirically validated in Western contexts.
“the findings of this paper indicate that the six dimensions representing perceived destination restorative qualities among Chinese wellness tourists align with the restorative dimensions previously proposed and empirically validated in Western contexts (X.Lehto et al., 2017).”
From Perceived Destination Restorative Qualities in Wellness Tourism: The Role of Ontological Security and Psychological Resilience (2025) · cites this paper as X.Lehto et al., 2017
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The Performance of RMSEA in Models With Small Degrees of Freedom
Kenny, D. A., Kaniskan, B., & McCoach, D. B. (2015) · Sociological Methods & Research · doi:10.1177/0049124114543236 · Cited by 2,841 · see citing works
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Liu, B., Kralj, A., Moyle, B., He, M., & Li, Y. (2025) · Journal of Travel Research · doi:10.1177/00472875241230019 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Lee, Y.-J. (2024) · Current Issues in Tourism · doi:10.1080/13683500.2023.2178395 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Natural landscape performance: environmental restorativeness and its influence on tourist behavior
Chen, X., Lee, G., & Joo, D. (2024) · International Journal of Tourism Research · doi:10.1002/jtr.2636 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Zhu, N., Xu, H., Zhang, X., & Chen, L. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1529686 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Ding, X., & Xu, J. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1293050 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Zhan, C., Dong, Y., Xu, F., & Li, S.-S. (2026) · Tourism Review · doi:10.1108/tr-01-2025-0033
- Authors
- Lehto, X., Kirillova, K., Li, H., & Wu, W.
- Affiliations
- Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University (HK)
- NingboTech University (CN)
- Zhejiang University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Kirillova, Ksenia
- Venue
- Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2016-10-31
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 329-343
- ISSN
- 1094-1665 (ISSN-L)
- 1741-6507
- OpenAlex
- W2542396149
- Cited by
- 50
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 4.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research (publishedVersion)
- PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Recreation, Leisure, Wilderness Management
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Urban Green Space and Health
- Keywords
- leisure travel, cross-cultural validation, Chinese tourists, nomological network, tourist satisfaction, scale validation
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