Peer victimization, social support and leisure-time physical activity in transgender and cisgender individuals
Abstract
Transgender individuals are more likely to have lower social support and a more negative self-image than their cisgender (i.e., non-transgender) counterparts. While emerging research has demonstrated a potential association between these factors and physical activity behaviour, no studies have examined this relationship in transgender individuals. Eighty (n = 33 transgender, 47 cisgender) adults completed validated questionnaires assessing leisure-time physical activity, social support and physical self-perception. Transgender individuals were less physically active and reported lower social support and physical self-perception than their cisgender peers. Social support and self-perception emerged as mediators of the difference in physical activity between transgender and cisgender individuals. Results highlight the need for inclusive leisure settings and programs as well as increased social support for transgender individuals to maximize leisure-time physical activity.
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The findings presented are from healthy adults with regular or even low physical activity levels, and not highly trained athletes.
“it is acknowledged that the findings presented here are from healthy adults with regular or even low physical activity levels [91], and not highly trained athletes.”
From Transgender Women in the Female Category of Sport: Perspectives on Testosterone Suppression and Performance Advantage (2021) · cites this paper as [91]
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Exploring the Use of a Gender Equity Lens in Local Government Recreation Policies
McGinnis, M. J. (2020) · Brock University Digital Repository (Brock University)
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A systematic review of correlates of physical activity of LGBTQIA+ people
Silva, C. D., Ridgers, N. D., Mazzoli, E., Loughlin, N. M. O., & Barnett, L. M. (2026) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2026.2623566
Miro, E. W., Teramoto, M., & Toresdahl, B. G. (2026) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2025-0518
Normativity and oppression: cis and trans students’ experiences in physical education
Quintana, J. G., Valencia‐Peris, A., López-Cañada, E., Payeras, P. S., & lisahunter, L. H. (2026) · Sport Education and Society · doi:10.1080/13573322.2026.2697323
- Authors
- Muchicko, M. M., Lepp, A., & Barkley, J. E.
- Affiliations
- Kent State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Barkley, Jacob E.
- Venue
- Leisure/Loisir
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2014-10-02
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 3-4
- Pages
- 295-308
- ISSN
- 1492-7713 (ISSN-L)
- 2151-2221
- OpenAlex
- W2249831835
- Cited by
- 60
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 1.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Leisure/Loisir (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Internal grant through Kent State University (NA)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Recreation, Leisure, Wilderness Management
- Keywords
- transgender people, cisgender individuals, peer victimization, social support, leisure-time physical activity, physical self-perception, physical activity behavior, mediation
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