The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
“Tryin’ to Survive”: Black Male Students’ Understandings of the Role of Race and Racism in the School-to-Prison Pipeline
Abstract
This article examines Black male students’ perceptions of the role of race and racism in perpetuating the school-to-prison pipeline. Through a phenomenological investigation of ten Black male students in the New Orleans area, this article finds that Black male students perceive racism in society, racism in schools, and poor teacher expectations to aid in the perpetuation of the school-to-prison pipeline. Furthermore, the participants of this study revealed that schools may use other Black males who have successfully navigated the educational system to better reach Black male students who are placed at risk of the school-to-prison pipeline. This article considers the responses of theses Black male students to the role of race and racism in the context of critical race theory.
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In the citing paper
“The STPN, influenced by the ongoing war on drugs, significantly contributes to the disproportionate involvement of Black males within the CLS (Grace & Nelson, 2019;Muñiz, 2021).”
From School Reentry: Exploring Healing-Centered Mechanisms for Formerly Incarcerated Transition-Age Black Males in an Urban Intensive, Asset-Based Alternative School (2026) · cites this paper as Grace & Nelson, 2019
In the citing paper
“These youth also face stigma and discrimination when attempting to reenroll, as schools may refuse to reenroll students with suspension and incarceration histories (Grace & Nelson, 2019).”
From School Reentry: Exploring Healing-Centered Mechanisms for Formerly Incarcerated Transition-Age Black Males in an Urban Intensive, Asset-Based Alternative School (2026) · cites this paper as Grace & Nelson, 2019
In the citing paper
“This aligns with the literature pointing to entrapment within the STPN to limit employment options for Black males due to discriminatory and stigmatizing policies, which are linked to psychological distress (Bailey et al., 2017;Grace & Nelson, 2019;L. J. Jäggi et al., 2016;Pager et al., 2009).”
From School Reentry: Exploring Healing-Centered Mechanisms for Formerly Incarcerated Transition-Age Black Males in an Urban Intensive, Asset-Based Alternative School (2026) · cites this paper as Grace & Nelson, 2019
Citations
Cites
Racial microaggressions in everyday life: Implications for clinical practice.
Sue, D. W., Capodilupo, C. M., Torino, G. C., Bucceri, J. M., Holder, A. M. B., Nadal, K. L., & Esquilin, M. (2007) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.62.4.271 · Cited by 5,569
Toward a Critical Race Theory of Education
Ladson-Billings, G., & Tate, W. F. (1995) · Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education · doi:10.1177/016146819509700104 · Cited by 3,881
From the Achievement Gap to the Education Debt: Understanding Achievement in U.S. Schools
Ladson-Billings, G. (2006) · Educational Researcher · doi:10.3102/0013189x035007003 · Cited by 3,211
Skiba, R. J., Horner, R. H., Chung, C.-G., Rausch, M. K., May, S. L., & Tobin, T. (2011) · School Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/02796015.2011.12087730 · Cited by 1,593
The Achievement Gap and the Discipline Gap: Two Sides of the Same Coin?
Gregory, A., Skiba, R. J., & Noguera, P. A. (2010) · Educational Researcher · doi:10.3102/0013189x09357621 · Cited by 1,395
Racial Threat and Punitive School Discipline
Welch, K., & Payne, A. A. (2010) · Social Problems · doi:10.1525/sp.2010.57.1.25 · Cited by 445 · cited 4×
“The removal of bad individuals results in the labeling and stigmatization of already-marginalized students, who tend to be poor, male, and from racial or ethnic minority groups (Welch & Payne, 2010).”
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Cited by
Lea, C. H., Brown, M., & Bhatt, R. (2023) · Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10560-022-00907-8 · Cited by 5
Lea, C. H., Sardesai, T., Edwards, K. T., Andrade, G. M., & Kim, B.-K. E. (2026) · Education Sciences · doi:10.3390/educsci16040653
Metadata
- Authors
- Grace, J. E., & Nelson, S. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Indianapolis (US)
- University of Memphis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Grace, Jennifer E.
- Venue
- Leadership and Policy in Schools
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2018-09-24
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 664-680
- ISSN
- 1570-0763 (ISSN-L)
- 1744-5043
- OpenAlex
- W2893735518
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 5.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Leadership and Policy in Schools (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Critical Race Theory in Education
- Social Sciences › Education › Education Discipline and Inequality
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis
- Keywords
- school-to-prison pipeline, Black male students, racism in schools, race and education, teacher expectations, critical race theory, student perceptions, at-risk students, New Orleans
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