Ultra-low fertility in East Asia: policy responses and challenges
Abstract
In the countries of East and Southeast Asia where fertility has reached ultra-low levels, there has been a flurry of developments in pro-natalist policy over the past five years or so, but its impact appears to be limited. This paper addresses the strong obstacles hindering the success of pro-natalist policies in the region, suggests key interventions that are needed, and stresses that the policies in these countries should also be considering other ways of addressing the issues. Social policy has certainly moved ahead in positive ways in South Korea, Japan, and Taiwan, as evidenced by parental leave policy and childcare reform, but workplace cultures have yet to follow suit. The slow changes in gender norms, along with the pressures of educating children and finding housing in the big cities where most people in the region live, are the continuing realities facing couples considering marriage and childbearing.
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- Authors
- Jones, G. W.
- Affiliations
- Australian National University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Jones, Gavin W.
- ORCID
- Jones, Gavin W.
- Venue
- Asian Population Studies
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2019-03-27
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 131-149
- ISSN
- 1744-1730 (ISSN-L)
- 1744-1749
- OpenAlex
- W2922548857
- Cited by
- 198
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 113 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 18.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Asian Population Studies (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Demography › Family Dynamics and Relationships
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social Policies and Family
- Keywords
- ultra-low fertility, pronatalist policy, fertility policy, East Asia, South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, parental leave policy, childcare system reform, gender norms, housing pressure, childbearing decisions, social policy
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