A systematic literature review of the impact of art therapy upon post-traumatic stress disorder
Abstract
Background A case is made for art therapy and its contributions to the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).Aims The current systematic literature review set out to critically review existing evidence of the impact of art therapy upon adults with a diagnosis of PTSD. Five online databases were searched for articles published in peer-reviewed journals exploring the effectiveness of art therapy in the treatment of PTSD.Results The search yielded 449 papers. Following application of exclusion criteria 20 were included in the systematic review.Conclusions Across the reviewed articles, four themes were identified: (1) impact on symptoms, (2) processing traumatic memories, (3) fostering a holistic view of self, and (4) increased well-being and more positive view of self. Overall methodological considerations included issues regarding study design, measures and analysis, researcher biases, sample size, and treatment received.Implications Evidence suggested that some can benefit from the treatment with effects being shown in most symptom clusters of PTSD. Implications such as the need for more robust research in the field are discussed. Clinical recommendations include the suggestion to use art therapy when avoidance or feelings of guilt/shame make engaging in standard talking therapies difficult.Plain-language summary Art therapy has a long history in the work with trauma-related difficulties including post-traumatic stress disorder. The current literature review is the largest of its kind summarising 20 research papers on the impact of visual art therapy with adult trauma survivors. Themes identified across papers pertained to the impact on symptoms, processing traumatic memories, fostering holistic view of self, and increased well-being/improved self-image. The review showed that some can benefit from art therapy for PTSD with effects shown in most symptom clusters. However, the quality of reviewed articles was poor and the current paper makes recommendations for more rigorously designed research.
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A substantial number of systematic reviews examine the effectiveness of art therapy regarding individual outcomes, such as trauma, anxiety, mental health in people who have cancer, dementia, and potential harms and benefits of the intervention.
“There is a substantial number of systematic reviews which examine the effectiveness of art therapy regarding individual outcomes, such as trauma [29–33], anxiety [19] mental health in people who have cancer [23, 34, 35] dementia [7], and potential harms and benefits of the intervention [36].”
From The effect of active visual art therapy on health outcomes: protocol of a systematic review of randomised controlled trials (2022) · cites this paper as [31]
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Bailey, C. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197646229.002.0006 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
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Gibson-Light, M. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197646229.002.0014
Kaimal, G. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197646229.002.0007
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Kaimal, G. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197646229.003.0001
Kaimal, G. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197646229.002.0005
Kaimal, G. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197646229.003.0006
Kaimal, G. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197646229.003.0012
Kaimal, G. (2022) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197646229.003.0011
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- Authors
- Schnitzer, G., Holttum, S., & Huet, V.
- Affiliations
- Canterbury Christ Church University (GB)
- British Association of Art Therapists, London, UK
- Corresponding author
- Schnitzer, Gabriel
- Venue
- International Journal of Art Therapy
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2021-04-26
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 147-160
- ISSN
- 1745-4832 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-4840
- OpenAlex
- W3158821710
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 90
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 3.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Art Therapy (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Conservation › Art Therapy and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- art therapy, post-traumatic stress disorder, visual art therapy, trauma survivors, symptom clusters, self-image, well-being, avoidance, guilt and shame, treatment effectiveness
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