Sudden cardiac death caused by myocarditis in persons aged 1–49 years: a nationwide study of 14 294 deaths in Denmark
Open accessAbstract
Myocarditis is associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in the young. However, information on nationwide burden of SCD caused by myocarditis (SCD-myocarditis) is sparse. For this study all deaths among persons in Denmark aged 1–35 years in 2000–2009 and 36–49 years in 2007–2009 (27.1 million person-years) were included. Autopsy reports, death certificates, discharge summaries, and nationwide registries were used to identify all cases of SCD-myocarditis. In the 10-year study period, there were 14 294 deaths, of which we identified 1 363 (10%) SCD. Among autopsied SCD (n = 753, 55%), cause of death was myocarditis in 42 (6%) cases corresponding to an SCD-myocarditis incidence of 0.16 (95%CI: 0.11–0.21) per 100 000 person-years. Males had significantly higher incidence rates of SCD-myocarditis compared to females with an incidence rate ratio of 2.2 (95%CI: 1.1–4.1). Myocarditis was not registered as cause of death in any of the non-autopsied SCD (n = 610, 45%). In conclusion, after nationwide unselected inclusion of 14 294 deaths, we found that 6% of all autopsied SCD was caused by myocarditis. No cases of SCD-myocarditis were reported in the non-autopsied SCD, which could reflect underdiagnosing of myocarditis in non-autopsied SCD. Furthermore, our data suggest a female protection towards SCD-myocarditis.
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The incidence of sudden cardiac death from acute myocarditis in young adults is about 6% to 10%.
“given an incidence of about 6% to 10% of sudden cardiac death from acute myocarditis in young adults.”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [258]
The Results (Study population) report that myocarditis caused 6% of autopsied sudden cardiac deaths in the studied population aged 1–49, but only 3% of all sudden cardiac deaths. The paper does not establish a 6%–10% figure for young adults or specify that these cases were acute myocarditis; its 10% figure refers to the proportion of all deaths classified as sudden cardiac death. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn fulminant myocarditis, severe conduction abnormalities such as second- and third-degree atrioventricular blocks are common.
“In fulminant myocarditis, severe conduction abnormalities such as second- and third-degree atrioventricular blocks are common”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [258]
The Introduction (page unavailable) describes variable presentations of myocarditis but does not discuss fulminant myocarditis or atrioventricular block. Searches for fulminant myocarditis, second- and third-degree block, and conduction abnormalities found no passage establishing that these blocks are common. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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- Authors
- Lynge, T. H., Nielsen, T. S., Winkel, B. G., Tfelt-Hansen, J., & Banner, J.
- Affiliations
- Rigshospitalet (DK)
- Aarhus University (DK)
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Denmark;
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Banner, Jytte
- Venue
- Forensic Sciences Research
- Published
- 2019-07-03
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 247-256
- ISSN
- 2096-1790 (ISSN-L)
- 2471-1411
- PMC
- PMC6713107
- OpenAlex
- W2969405482
- Cited by
- 90
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 10
- FWCI
- 5.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Forensic Sciences Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Novo Nordisk
- Novo Nordisk Fonden (NNF18OC0031634)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
- Keywords
- sudden cardiac death, myocarditis, young adults, incidence, sex differences, autopsy findings, underdiagnosis, Denmark
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