Developing sport-based after-school programmes using a participatory action research approach

Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being.

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.55.1.68 · Cited by 27,815 · see citing works

The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research

Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (2017) · Aldine (Routledge reprint) · doi:10.4324/9780203793206 · Cited by 25,789 · see citing works

Handbook of qualitative research

Griffin, T. F. (1999) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6793(199907)16:4 · Cited by 9,061 · see citing works

The Discovery of Grounded Theory

Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (2017) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203793206-1 · Cited by 8,342 · see citing works

Participatory Action Research

(2008) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781412953948.n339 · Cited by 3,237 · see citing works

Beginning Qualitative Research: A Philosophical and Practical Guide

Maykut, P., & Morehouse, R. E. (1994) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,611 · see citing works

Comparison of overweight and obesity prevalence in school-aged youth from 34 countries and their relationships with physical activity and dietary patterns

Janssen, I., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Boyce, W. F., Vereecken, C., Mulvihill, C., Roberts, C., Currie, C., Pickett, W., & The Health Behaviour in School‐Aged Children Obesity Working Group (2005) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2005.00176.x · Cited by 1,169 · see citing works

Determinants of Adolescent Physical Activity and Inactivity Patterns

Gordon‐Larsen, P., McMurray, R. G., & Popkin, B. M. (2000) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.105.6.e83 · Cited by 955 · see citing works

Physical activity of Canadian children and youth: accelerometer results from the 2007 to 2009 Canadian Health Measures Survey.

Colley, R. C., Garriguet, D., Janssen, I., Craig, C. L., Clarke, J., & Tremblay, M. S. (2011) · PubMed · Cited by 859 · see citing works

Participatory research maximises community and lay involvement

Macaulay, A. C., Commanda, L., Freeman, W. L., Gibson, N., McCabe, M. L., Robbins, C. M., & Twohig, P. L. (1999) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.319.7212.774 · Cited by 629 · see citing works

Influence of individual- and area-level measures of socioeconomic status on obesity, unhealthy eating, and physical inactivity in Canadian adolescents

Janssen, I., Boyce, W. F., Simpson, K. M. J., & Pickett, W. (2006) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/83.1.139 · Cited by 407 · see citing works

Positive Youth Development Through Sport

(2007) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203944783 · Cited by 344 · see citing works

Factors That Influence Physical Activity Participation Among High- and Low-SES Youth

Humbert, M. L., Chad, K. E., Spink, K. S., Muhajarine, N., Anderson, K. D., Bruner, M. W., Girolami, T. M., Odnokon, P., & Gryba, C. R. (2006) · Qualitative Health Research · doi:10.1177/1049732305286051 · Cited by 314 · see citing works

Benefits and challenges associated with sport participation by children and parents from low-income families

Holt, N. L., Kingsley, B. C., Tink, L. N., & Scherer, J. (2011) · Psychology of Sport and Exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2011.05.007 · Cited by 290 · see citing works

Physical Activity Levels among Children Attending After-School Programs

Trost, S. G., Rosenkranz, R. R., & Dzewaltowski, D. A. (2008) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e318161eaa5 · Cited by 289 · see citing works

The Effectiveness of Teaching a Life Skills Program in a Sport Context

Papacharisis, V., Γούδας, Μ., Danish, S. J., & Theodorakis, Y. (2005) · Journal of Applied Sport Psychology · doi:10.1080/10413200591010139 · Cited by 257 · see citing works

The emancipatory character of action research, its history and the present state of the art

Boog, B. W. M. (2003) · Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/casp.748 · Cited by 194 · see citing works

Untitled work

(2008) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 192 · see citing works

POSITIVE YOUTH DEVELOPMENT THROUGH SPORT: A REVIEW

Holt, N. L., & Neely, K. C. (2011) · Acceda (Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria) · Cited by 173 · see citing works

After-school interventions to increase physical activity among youth: Table 1

Pate, R. R., & O’Neill, J. R. (2008) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsm.2008.055517 · Cited by 169 · see citing works

Putting “Participatory” into Participatory Forms of Action Research

Frisby, W., Reid, C. J., Millar, S., & Hoeber, L. (2005) · Journal of Sport Management · doi:10.1123/jsm.19.4.367 · Cited by 167 · see citing works

Girly Girls Can Play Games / Las Niñas Pueden Jugar Tambien: Co-Creating a Curriculum of Possibilities with Fifth-Grade Girls

Oliver, K. L., Hamzeh, M., & McCaughtry, N. (2009) · Journal of Teaching in Physical Education · doi:10.1123/jtpe.28.1.90 · Cited by 149 · see citing works

Action Research in Health

Stringer, E. T., & Genat, W. (2003) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 134 · see citing works

An interpretive analysis of life skills associated with sport participation

Holt, N. L., Tamminen, K. A., Tink, L. N., & Black, D. E. (2009) · Qualitative Research in Sport Exercise and Health · doi:10.1080/19398440902909017 · Cited by 125 · see citing works

Action research in health

Compton, S. M. (2004) · International Journal of Dental Hygiene · doi:10.1111/j.1601-5037.2004.00065.x · Cited by 116 · see citing works

Children's motivational experiences following autonomy-supportive games lessons

Mandigo, J., Holt, N. L., Anderson, A., & Sheppard, J. (2008) · European Physical Education Review · doi:10.1177/1356336x08095673 · Cited by 106 · see citing works

Participatory Action Research: creating an effective prevention curriculum for adolescents in the Southwestern US

Gosin, M. (2003) · Health Education Research · doi:10.1093/her/cyf026 · Cited by 104 · see citing works

Interventions to promote physical activity in young people conducted in the hours immediately after school: a systematic review

Atkin, A. J., Gorely, T., Biddle, S. J. H., Cavill, N., & Foster, C. (2011) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-010-9111-z · Cited by 91 · see citing works

The actualities of doing community development to promote the inclusion of low income populations in local sport and recreation

Frisby, W., & Millar, S. (2002) · European Sport Management Quarterly · doi:10.1080/16184740208721923 · Cited by 82 · see citing works

Reflections on Participatory Action Research: The Case of Low-Income Women Accessing Local Physical Activity services

Frisby, W., Crawford, S., & Dorer, T. (1997) · Journal of Sport Management · doi:10.1123/jsm.11.1.8 · Cited by 79 · see citing works

Long-Term Effects of a Physical Activity Intervention in High School Girls

Pate, R. R., Saunders, R. P., Dishman, R. K., Addy, C. L., Dowda, M. C., & Ward, D. S. (2007) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2007.06.005 · Cited by 77 · see citing works

Neighborhood physical activity opportunities for inner-city children and youth

Holt, N. L., Cunningham, C.-T., Sehn, Z. L., Spence, J. C., Newton, A. S., & Ball, G. D. C. (2009) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2009.04.002 · Cited by 77 · see citing works

Sport and responsible leadership among youth

Hellison, D., Martinek, T., & Walsh, D. (2007) · doi:10.4324/9780203944783-14 · Cited by 63 · see citing works

’No limits‚: doing participatory action research with young people in Northumberland

Bostock, J., & Freeman, J. (2003) · Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/casp.751 · Cited by 54 · see citing works

Putting Theory into Practice: How Cognitive Evaluation Theory Can Help Us Motivate Children in Physical Activity Environments

Mandigo, J., & Holt, N. L. (2000) · Journal of Physical Education Recreation & Dance · doi:10.1080/07303084.2000.10605984 · Cited by 53 · see citing works

‘A new view of body image’: A school-based participatory action research project with young Aboriginal women

McHugh, T.-L., & Kowalski, K. C. (2010) · Action Research · doi:10.1177/1476750310388052 · Cited by 44 · see citing works

Daily patterns of physical activity among Canadians.

Garriguet, D., & Colley, R. C. (2012) · PubMed · Cited by 43 · see citing works

Youth development through sport: It’s all about relationships

Petitpas, A. J., Cornelius, A. E., & Raalte, J. V. (2007) · doi:10.4324/9780203944783-15 · Cited by 42 · see citing works

Best Practices in University-Community Partnerships

Walsh, D. S. (2006) · Journal of Physical Education Recreation & Dance · doi:10.1080/07303084.2006.10597863 · Cited by 30 · see citing works

Developing Communication and Organization Skills: The ELITE Life Skills Reflective Practice Intervention

Jones, M. I., Lavallee, D. E., & Tod, D. (2011) · The Sport Psychologist · doi:10.1123/tsp.25.2.159 · Cited by 26 · see citing works

Lessons learned: participatory action research with young Aboriginal women.

McHugh, T.-L., & Kowalski, K. C. (2009) · Cited by 25 · see citing works

Listening to young people’s voices in physical education and youth sport research

Enright, E., & O’Sullivan, M. (2012) · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Elementary Students' Accounts of Optimal Challenge in Physical Education.

Mandigo, J., & Holt, N. L. (2006) · The Physical Educator · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Using critical incident reflection in qualitative research: transferable skills for sport psychologists?

(2014) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203066546-24 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

A grounded theory of positive youth development through sport based on results from a qualitative meta-study

Holt, N. L., Neely, K. C., Slater, L. G., Camiré, M., Côté, J., Fraser-Thomas, J., MacDonald, D., Strachan, L., & Tamminen, K. A. (2017) · International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1750984x.2016.1180704 · Cited by 720 · see citing works

Implicit Transfer of Life Skills Through Participation in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

Chinkov, A. E., & Holt, N. L. (2016) · Journal of Applied Sport Psychology · doi:10.1080/10413200.2015.1086447 · Cited by 109 · see citing works

The acquisition of teamwork skills in university students through extra-curricular activities

Creo, E. D. P., Mareque, M., & Portela-Pino, I. (2020) · Education + Training · doi:10.1108/et-07-2020-0185 · Cited by 81 · see citing works

Doing together: reflections on facilitating the co-production of participatory action research with marginalised populations

Pettican, A., Goodman, B., Bryant, W., Beresford, P., Freeman, P., Gladwell, V., Kilbride, C., & Speed, E. (2022) · Qualitative Research in Sport Exercise and Health · doi:10.1080/2159676x.2022.2146164 · Cited by 63 · see citing works

Socio-Emotional Skills in Adolescence. Influence of Personal and Extracurricular Variables

Portela-Pino, I., Villaverde, M. A., & Juste, M. R. P. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18094811 · Cited by 59 · see citing works

‘Like, what even is a podcast?’ Approaching sport-for-development youth participatory action research through digital methodologies

Smith, R., Danford, M., Darnell, S. C., Larrazabal, M. J. L., & Abdellatif, M. (2020) · Qualitative Research in Sport Exercise and Health · doi:10.1080/2159676x.2020.1836515 · Cited by 46 · see citing works

Exercise is medicine for mental health in military veterans: a qualitative commentary

Caddick, N., & Smith, B. M. (2017) · Qualitative Research in Sport Exercise and Health · doi:10.1080/2159676x.2017.1333033 · Cited by 40 · see citing works

Implementation of a values training program in physical education and sport: a follow-up study

Koh, K., Camiré, M., Regina, S. H. L., & Soon, W. (2017) · Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy · doi:10.1080/17408989.2016.1165194 · Cited by 37 · see citing works

A systematic review of sport-based life skills programs for young people: The quality of design and evaluation methods

Williams, C., Neil, R., Cropley, B., Woodman, T., & Roberts, R. (2020) · Journal of Applied Sport Psychology · doi:10.1080/10413200.2020.1792583 · Cited by 42 · see citing works

Sports coach as transformative leader: arresting school disengagement through community sport-based initiatives

Morgan, H., & Bush, A. (2016) · Sport Education and Society · doi:10.1080/13573322.2014.935319 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Developmental Benefits of Extracurricular Sports Participation Among Brazilian Youth

Reverdito, R. S., Galatti, L. R., Carvalho, H. M., Scaglia, A. J., Côté, J., Gonçalves, C. E., & Paes, R. R. (2017) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.1177/0031512517724657 · Cited by 32 · see citing works

‘I know how researchers are […] taking more from you than they give you’: tensions and possibilities of youth participatory action research in sport for development

Luguetti, C., Jice, N., Singehebhuye, L., Singehebhuye, K., Mathieu, A., & Spaaij, R. (2022) · Sport Education and Society · doi:10.1080/13573322.2022.2084374 · Cited by 31 · see citing works

Helping kids connect: Participant and staff perspectives on facilitating social relationships in a physical activity-based positive youth development program for youth from low-income families.

McDonough, M. H., Ullrich-French, S. C., & McDavid, M. L. (2017) · Sport Exercise and Performance Psychology · doi:10.1037/spy0000109 · Cited by 26 · see citing works

Development and initial validation of the Life Skills Scale for Sport – Transfer Scale (LSSS-TS)

Mossman, G. J., Robertson, C. M., Williamson, B., & Cronin, L. (2021) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.101906 · Cited by 26 · see citing works

Get active Powassan: developing sport and recreation programs and policies through participatory action research in a rural community context

Rich, K. A., & Misener, L. (2019) · Qualitative Research in Sport Exercise and Health · doi:10.1080/2159676x.2019.1636850 · Cited by 21 · see citing works

Using a community-based participatory approach to research and programming in Northern Uganda: two researchers’ confessional tales

Whitley, M. A., & Johnson, A. J. (2015) · Qualitative Research in Sport Exercise and Health · doi:10.1080/2159676x.2015.1008027 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Sport Practice, Fluid Reasoning, and Soft Skills in 10- to 18-Year-Olds

Feraco, T., & Meneghetti, C. (2022) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2022.857412 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Enhancing social inclusion in sport: Dynamics of action research in super-diverse contexts

Spaaij, R., Luguetti, C., McDonald, B., & McLachlan, F. (2023) · International Review for the Sociology of Sport · doi:10.1177/10126902221140462 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Physical Activity Among Older Adults With Visual Impairment: A Scoping Review

Griffin, M., Smith, B. M., Howe, P. D., & Phoenix, C. (2016) · Kinesiology Review · doi:10.1123/kr.2015-0002 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

THE “PROGRAMA SEGUNDO TEMPO” IN BRAZILIAN MUNICIPALITIES: OUTCOME INDICATORS IN MACROSYSTEM

Reverdito, R. S., Galatti, L. R., de Lima, L. A., Nicolau, P. S., Scaglia, A. J., & Paes, R. R. (2016) · journal of physical education · doi:10.4025/jphyseduc.v27i1.2754 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

PasSport4life: A trainee sport psychologist's perspective on developing a resilience-based life skills program

Cox, H., Neil, R., Oliver, J. L., & Hanton, S. (2016) · Journal of Sport Psychology in Action · doi:10.1080/21520704.2016.1240733 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

The Mediating and Moderating Role of Social–Emotional Skills in the Relationship between Sports Participation and Test Anxiety

Wang, K., & Qian, J. (2024) · Behavioral Science · doi:10.3390/bs14060512 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

The influence of peer and coach relationships in after-school sports on perceptions of school climate

Ross, A., Legg, E., & Wilson, K. (2021) · Health Education Journal · doi:10.1177/0017896920988750 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Workingwithand engaginginrecreation and sport research with youth who live on the margins

Hopper, T., & McHugh, T.-L. (2020) · Leisure/Loisir · doi:10.1080/14927713.2020.1815562 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Community-Based Sport Research with Indigenous Youth (Investigación deportiva basada en la comunidad con jóvenes indígenas)

McHugh, T.-L., Holt, N. L., & Andersen, C. (2015) · Retos · doi:10.47197/retos.v0i28.34960 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Life Skills Acquired in Relation to Teaching Methods Used Through Swimming Context

Bayyat, M. M., Orabi, S. M., & Al-Taieb, M. A. (2016) · Asian Social Science · doi:10.5539/ass.v12n6p223 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Re-activating life skills in cancer patients through expressive-creative workshops: A qualitative exploratory study

Gangeri, L., Alfieri, S., Sborea, S., Fontana, N., Ferraris, D., & Borreani, C. (2021) · Arts & Health · doi:10.1080/17533015.2021.1931894 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Development, implementation and evaluation of the ‘BELIEVE’ program for improving physical activity among women: a mixed method action research study

Amiri‐Farahani, L., Parvizy, S., Mohammadi, E., Asadi‐Lari, M., Taghizadeh, Z., & Pezaro, S. (2021) · BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s13102-021-00367-0 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Arbitragem no contexto do esporte escolar: percepções de violência narradas por árbitros

Bressan, J. C. M., Carneiro, K. T., Silveira, V. T., dos Santos, D. S. G., & Reverdito, R. S. (2019) · journal of physical education · doi:10.4025/jphyseduc.v30i13056 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Blogging and Feminist Participatory Research Online

Bundon, A. (2017) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/978-1-137-53318-0_18 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Exploring everyday racist symbolism in community recreation spaces: a critical race content analysis

O’Dell, J. (2024) · Leisure/Loisir · doi:10.1080/14927713.2024.2410186 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Conceptual Model of Life Skills Transfer in Sport

Lim, T.-H., Kwon, O., & Bae, J. (2021) · Korean Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.24985/kjss.2021.32.4.509 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Participatory Action Research in Rural Community Sport and Recreation Management

Rich, K. A. (2017) · Scholarship@Western (Western University) · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Analysis of the involvement of participants in a school-based physical activity promotion programme in adolescence

Pardo, B. M., Miñano, M. J. C., Clemente, J. A. J., & Lanaspa, E. G. (2019) · International Journal of Health Promotion and Education · doi:10.1080/14635240.2019.1696218 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Enhancing university practicum students’ roles in implementing the Ontario Daily Physical Activity (DPA) policy

Coppola, A. M., Hancock, D. J., Allan, V., Vierimaa, M., & Côté, J. (2018) · Qualitative Research in Sport Exercise and Health · doi:10.1080/2159676x.2018.1445660 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Reducing spectator violence in Zimbabwe’s Premier Soccer League

Dube, D. (2020) · doi:10.51415/10321/3559 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

‘We are all learning together’: how youth mentors perceive their role in an after-school program

Maxwell, K., Dubnewick, M. J., Lewis, B., McHugh, T.-L., & Hopper, T. (2025) · Sport Education and Society · doi:10.1080/13573322.2025.2487244 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Navigating challenges and tensions through engaged pedagogy: reflections on youth Participatory Action research in Sport for Development

Luguetti, C. (2026) · Qualitative Research in Sport Exercise and Health · doi:10.1080/2159676x.2025.2609781 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Research on the Relationship between Leadership Skills and Participation in Extracurricular Sports Activities among Junior High School Students in Hainan, China

Wang, J., & Ismail, A. (2024) · Journal of Ecohumanism · doi:10.62754/joe.v3i8.5193 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Community-based sport research with Indigenous youth.

McHugh, T.-L., Holt, N. L., & Andersen, C. (2015) · Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja) · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Development of social capital through the Songo.info cycling and academic support programme

Neely, C. (2018) · SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)

Changes in developmental assets across a 4-month competitive season among youth basketball players

Mendes, F. G., Soares, A. L. A., Lima, A. B., Palheta, C. E., Kós, L. D., Milan, F. J., Collet, C., & Carvalho, H. M. (2019) · Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance · doi:10.1590/1980-0037.2019v21e59757

難民キャンプにおけるスポーツを通じた教育援助の意義 : シリア難民キャンプにおける参加型アクション・リサーチを用いた活動を事例として

加朱, 将. (2021) · doi:10.32204/jids.30.1_91

Understanding and Supporting Parents of Academy Footballers

Newport, R. A. (2021) · doi:10.23889/suthesis.58988

Protecting and Promoting the Wellbeing of High-Performance Swimmers

Uzzell, K. S. (2023) · doi:10.23889/suthesis.62923

Família, escola e as HV no esporte: revisão sistemática

Lunardelli, G. B., Fiorese, L., Júnior, J. R. A. D. N., & da Costa, L. C. A. (2023) · Estudos Interdisciplinares em Psicologia · doi:10.5433/2236-6407.2023.v14.48292

Promoting health through a non-competitive after-school sports programme: insights from schoolchildren and coaches

de Diego, F. E. L., Arribas, J. C. M., & Brunicardi, D. P. (2025) · Leisure Studies · doi:10.1080/02614367.2025.2490544

“Going the Extra Mile”: Staff Members of Sport-Based Positive Youth Development Programs Perceptions’ of Fostering Social Connections With Youth Exposed to Risk Factors

Kavic, K. J. M., Mosewich, A. D., Sheppard, J., & McHugh, T.-L. (2025) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.2024-0350

Remaking Kabaddi: Participatory Action Research and Intercultural Sports in Hong Kong

Tang, W. M. (2025) · Annals of Anthropological Practice · doi:10.1111/napa.70034

Youth Sport Day: Supporting Sport Sampling Through University-Community Collaboration

Villalon, C., Swartz, H. S., & Dieffenbach, K. D. (2026) · Journal of Physical Education Recreation & Dance · doi:10.1080/07303084.2026.2667188

“I’ve never been in a program after school”: a participatory action research approach to sports-based ‘critical hours’ programs

Tink, L. N. (2011) · ERA: Education and Research Archive (University of Alberta) · doi:10.7939/r37m6h

Children's perceptions of a sport-based critical hours program

Coppola, A. M., Neely, K. C., McDonald, R., McHugh, T.-L., & Holt, N. L. (2012)

Participatory action research (PAR) in monitoring and evaluation of sport-for-development programmes

Burnett, C. (2008) · African Journal for Physical Health Education Recreation and Dance · doi:10.4314/ajpherd.v14i3.24805 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Participatory Action Research Method in Sport Contexts: A Systematic Scoping ReviewPreprint

Akter, S., & Islam, M. K. (2025) · doi:10.17605/osf.io/ncs8j

Enhancing personal and social development through centre-based sport in the context of rural poverty

Burnett, C., Vermooten, K. F. M., van Eekeren, F., & Yazaki, M. (2021) · African Journal for Physical Activity and Health Sciences (AJPHES) · doi:10.37597/ajphes.2021.27.2.6