Emotional facet of language teaching: emotion regulation and emotional labor strategies as predictors of teacher burnout
Abstract
This study attempted to scrutinize the multidimensional nature of teacher emotion. Three emotion-associated constructs, namely, emotion regulation, emotional labor strategies, and burnout were studied within a single framework. In particular, it was hypothesized that English as a foreign language teachers’ emotion regulation and emotional labor strategies influence teacher burnout. The results yielded via structural equation modeling substantiated the negative role of these constructs in burnout. The emotion regulation was measured via the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire developed by Gross and John. The scale comprises two subscales: cognitive reappraisal (an antecedent-focused factor aimed at changing the way a situation is construed so as to decrease its emotional impact) and expressive suppression (a response-focused element targeted at inhibiting the outward signs of inner feelings). Emotional labor strategies were assessed through the Teacher Emotional Labor Strategy Scale designed by Yin. This test consists of three parts: surface acting (which refers to strategy in which people hinder and cover their felt emotions or fake unfelt feeling for the aim of showing the appropriate emotions needed for their profession), deep acting (which refers to the kind of strategy in which individuals try to change their felt emotions with the aid of some cognitive techniques, such as distraction so as the appropriate emotion occurs), and natural acting (which refers to the instance when individuals simultaneously experience and present the appropriate emotion for their job). Burnout was measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory comprising three subscales: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Emotion regulation has been studied in relation to L2 academic factors including psychological well-being, engagement, self-efficacy, reflection, and reduced burnout.
“Emotion regulation has been studied in relation to such L2 academic factors as psychological well-being, engagement (Greenier et al., 2021), self-efficacy (Fathi and Derakhshan, 2019), reflection (Fathi et al., 2021), and reduced burnout (Ghanizadeh and Royaei, 2015).”
From Researching and Practicing Positive Psychology in Second/Foreign Language Learning and Teaching: The Past, Current Status and Future Directions (2021) · cites this paper as Ghanizadeh and Royaei, 2015
Cites
Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348 · Cited by 11,929 · see citing works
The emerging field of emotion regulation: an integrative review
Gross, J. J. (1998) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.2.3.271 · Cited by 9,916 · see citing works
The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling
Tropman, J. E., & Hochschild, A. R. (1984) · Journal of Policy Analysis and Management · doi:10.2307/3324333 · Cited by 8,747 · see citing works
Reporting Structural Equation Modeling and Confirmatory Factor Analysis Results: A Review
Schreiber, J. B., Nora, A., Stage, F. K., Barlow, E. A., & King, J. (2006) · The Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.3200/joer.99.6.323-338 · Cited by 6,937 · cited 1× · see citing works
“In general, the criteria for an acceptable data fit include an RMSEA value below .08 and other fit indices value above .90 (Schreiber et al., 2006).”
BackgroundPrinciples of Language Learning and Teaching
Horning, A. S., & Brown, H. D. (1981) · Modern Language Journal · doi:10.2307/327392 · Cited by 5,176 · see citing works
Fredrickson, B. L. (2001) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.56.3.218 · Cited by 3,512 · see citing works
Changing teachers, changing times: teachers' work and culture in the postmodern age
(1994) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.32-0440 · Cited by 2,717 · see citing works
Emotional Labor and Burnout: Comparing Two Perspectives of “People Work”
Brotheridge, C. M., & Grandey, A. A. (2002) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1006/jvbe.2001.1815 · Cited by 2,389 · see citing works
Seeman, M. S. (1959) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2088565 · Cited by 1,957 · see citing works
The emotional practice of teaching
Hargreaves, A. (1998) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/s0742-051x(98)00025-0 · Cited by 1,789 · see citing works
Teacher self-efficacy and teacher burnout: A study of relations
Skaalvik, E. M., & Skaalvik, S. (2010) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2009.11.001 · Cited by 1,787 · see citing works
Mixed emotions: teachers’ perceptions of their interactions with students
Hargreaves, A. (2000) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/s0742-051x(00)00028-7 · Cited by 1,481 · see citing works
Teachers' Emotions and Teaching: A Review of the Literature and Directions for Future Research
Sutton, R. E., & Wheatley, K. F. (2003) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1023/a:1026131715856 · Cited by 1,372 · see citing works
Emotion‐regulation ability, burnout, and job satisfaction among British secondary‐school teachers
Brackett, M. A., Palomera, R., Mojsa‐Kaja, J., Reyes, M. R., & Salovey, P. (2010) · Psychology in the Schools · doi:10.1002/pits.20478 · Cited by 649 · see citing works
The emotional labour of caring in teaching
Isenbarger, L., & Zembylas, M. (2005) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2005.07.002 · Cited by 566 · see citing works
Re-conceptualizing Emotion and Motivation to Learn in Classroom Contexts
Meyer, D. K., & Turner, J. C. (2006) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-006-9032-1 · Cited by 479 · see citing works
Emotional regulation goals and strategies of teachers
Sutton, R. E. (2004) · Social Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s11218-004-4229-y · Cited by 439 · see citing works
Emotional labour, burnout and job satisfaction in UK teachers: the role of workplace social support
Kinman, G., Wray, S., & Strange, C. (2011) · Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/01443410.2011.608650 · Cited by 404 · see citing works
Droogenbroeck, F. V., Spruyt, B., & Vanroelen, C. (2014) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2014.07.005 · Cited by 362 · see citing works
Fernet, C., Austin, S., Trépanier, S., & Dussault, M. (2012) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2011.632161 · Cited by 354 · see citing works
The emotional geographies of teachers’ relations with colleagues
Hargreaves, A. (2001) · International Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1016/s0883-0355(02)00006-x · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Be passionate, but be rational as well: Emotional rules for Chinese teachers’ work
Yin, H., & Lee, J. C. (2011) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2011.08.005 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Zhang, Q., & Zhu, W. (2007) · Communication Education · doi:10.1080/03634520701586310 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Trigwell, K. (2011) · Instructional Science · doi:10.1007/s11251-011-9192-3 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Yin, H., Lee, J. C., Zhang, Z., & Jin, Y.-L. (2013) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2013.06.006 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Seeman, M. S. (1975) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev.so.01.080175.000515 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Principles of Language Learning and Teaching
McKay, S., & Brown, H. D. (1980) · TESOL Quarterly · doi:10.2307/3586319 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Stress and Burnout in the Teaching Profession: European Studies, Issues, and Research Perspectives
Rudow, B. (1999) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511527784.004 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Teacher–working-environment fit as a framework for burnout experienced by Finnish teachers
Pyhältö, K., Pietarinen, J., & Salmela‐Aro, K. (2011) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2011.05.006 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Extending self-regulated learning to include self-regulated emotion strategies
Ben‐Eliyahu, A., & Linnenbrink‐Garcia, L. (2012) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-012-9332-3 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Saunders, R. B. (2012) · Journal of Educational Change · doi:10.1007/s10833-012-9195-0 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Teaching Teachers about Emotion Regulation in the Classroom
Fried, L. (2011) · The Australian journal of teacher education · doi:10.14221/ajte.2011v36n3.1 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
van Vegchel, N., JONGE, J. D., Söderfeldt, M., Dormann, C., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2004) · International Journal of Stress Management · doi:10.1037/1072-5245.11.1.21 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Emotional experience, expression, and regulation of high-quality Japanese elementary school teachers
Hosotani, R., & Imai-Matsumura, K. (2011) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2011.03.010 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Bibou-Nakou, I., Stogiannidou, A., & Kiosseoglou, G. (1999) · School Psychology International · doi:10.1177/0143034399020002004 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
The role of EFL teachers' emotional intelligence in their success
Ghanizadeh, A., & Moafian, F. (2010) · ELT Journal · doi:10.1093/elt/ccp084 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Self-citationAdaptation and validation of the teacher emotional labour strategy scale in China
Yin, H. (2012) · Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/01443410.2012.674488 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Webster, E. A., & Hadwin, A. F. (2014) · Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/01443410.2014.895292 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2004) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420039702.ch8 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Teacher Burnout: A Review of Sources and Ramifications
Ghanizadeh, A., & Jahedizadeh, S. (2015) · British Journal of Education, Society & Behavioural Science · doi:10.9734/bjesbs/2015/15162 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Self-citationEmotional labor and burnout among Turkish primary school teachers
Akın, U., Aydın, İ., Erdoğan, Ç., & Demirkasımoğlu, N. (2013) · The Australian Educational Researcher · doi:10.1007/s13384-013-0138-4 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Feelings of existential fulfilment and burnout among secondary school teachers
Loonstra, B., Brouwers, A., & Tomic, W. (2009) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2009.01.002 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Perspectives on Teacher Burnout and School Reform
Dworkin, A. G. (2001) · Cited by 78 · see citing works
The moderating role of autonomous motivation in the job demands-strain relation: A two sample study
Trépanier, S.-G., Fernet, C., & Austin, S. (2013) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-012-9290-9 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Teacher Burnout and Perceptions of a Democratic School Environment
Dworkin, A. G., Saha, L. J., & Hill, A. N. (2003) · ANU Open Research (Australian National University) · Cited by 72 · see citing works
When Emotion Work is Doomed to Fail: Ideological and Structural Constraints on Emotion Management
Copp, M. (1998) · Symbolic Interaction · doi:10.1525/si.1998.21.3.299 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Ghanizadeh, A., & Moafian, F. (2011) · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationGhanizadeh, A., & Ghonsooly, B. (2013) · Educational Research for Policy and Practice · doi:10.1007/s10671-013-9155-3 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citationBrenninkmeijer, V., Vanyperen, N. W., & Buunk, B. P. (2001) · Social Psychology of Education · doi:10.1023/a:1011376503306 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Looking at teacher identity through self-regulation.
Cardelle-Elawar, M., & Lizárraga, M. L. S. D. A. (2010) · PubMed · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Pintrich, P. R. (1991) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520.1991.9653132 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
A mixed methods analysis of EFL teachers' self-regulated strategies and burnout
Royaei, N., Ghonsooly, B., & Ghanizadeh, A. (2015) · International Journal of Research Studies in Psychology · doi:10.5861/ijrsp.2015.1017 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 53 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Wang, Y., Derakhshan, A., & Zhang, L. J. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.731721 · Cited by 762 · see citing works
Greenier, V., Derakhshan, A., & Fathi, J. (2021) · System · doi:10.1016/j.system.2020.102446 · Cited by 576 · see citing works
Yin, H., Huang, S., & Chen, G. (2019) · Educational Research Review · doi:10.1016/j.edurev.2019.100283 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Influence of Emotional Intelligence and Burnout Syndrome on Teachers Well-Being: A Systematic Review
Puertas-Molero, P., Ortega, F. Z., Ubago-Jiménez, J. L., & González-Valero, G. (2019) · Social Sciences · doi:10.3390/socsci8060185 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Wang, H., Burić, I., Chang, M., & Gross, J. J. (2023) · Social Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s11218-023-09810-1 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Profiles of Burnout, Coping Strategies and Depressive Symptomatology
Martínez, J. P., Méndez, I., Ruiz-Esteban, C., Fernández-Sogorb, A., & García-Fernández, J. M. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00591 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
(2019) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · doi:10.22132/tel.2019.95883 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Cultivating Teacher Resilience
Mansfield, C. F. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-5963-1 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Rad, H. S., & Jafarpour, A. (2022) · Reading & Writing Quarterly · doi:10.1080/10573569.2022.2096517 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Understanding and Examining Teacher Resilience from Multiple Perspectives
Beltman, S. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-5963-1_2 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Bing, H., Sadjadi, B., Afzali, M., & Fathi, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.900417 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
EFL teachers’ teaching style, creativity, and burnout: A path analysis approach
Ghanizadeh, A., & Jahedizadeh, S. (2016) · Cogent Education · doi:10.1080/2331186x.2016.1151997 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Self-citationKeller, M. M., Becker, E. S., Frenzel, A. C., & Taxer, J. L. (2018) · AERA Open · doi:10.1177/2332858418782967 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Jahedizadeh, S., Ghanizadeh, A., & Ghonsooly, B. (2016) · Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education · doi:10.1186/s40862-016-0021-8 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citationRezai, A., Soyoof, A., & Reynolds, B. L. (2024) · European Journal of Education · doi:10.1111/ejed.12752 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Latent Profiles of Burnout, Self-Esteem and Depressive Symptomatology among Teachers
Méndez, I., Martínez-Ramón, J. P., Ruiz-Esteban, C., & García-Fernández, J. M. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17186760 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Mapping the research on language teacher emotion: A systematic literature review
Han, J., Jin, L., & Yin, H. (2023) · System · doi:10.1016/j.system.2023.103138 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Teachers' Burnout Profile: Risk and Protective Factors
Buonomo, I., Fatigante, M., & Fiorilli, C. (2017) · The Open Psychology Journal · doi:10.2174/1874350101710010190 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Sah, P. K. (2023) · Language Learning Journal · doi:10.1080/09571736.2023.2243954 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
L2 Motivational Self-System and Self-Efficacy: A Quantitative Survey-Based Study
Roshandel, J., Ghonsooly, B., & Ghanizadeh, A. (2017) · International Journal of Instruction · doi:10.12973/iji.2018.11123a · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citationMa, Y.-F. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1240943 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
“Take a step back”: teacher strategies for managing heightened emotions
Beltman, S., & Poulton, E. (2019) · The Australian Educational Researcher · doi:10.1007/s13384-019-00339-x · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Puertas-Molero, P., Ubago-Jiménez, J. L., Arrebola, R. M., Ruz, R. P., Martínez-Martínez, A., & González-Valero, G. (2018) · REOP - Revista Española de Orientación y Psicopedagogía · doi:10.5944/reop.vol.29.num.2.2018.23157 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Hu, Y. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1190837 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Wang, Q., Gao, Y., & Wang, X. (2024) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104545 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Daniel, E., & Bergen, P. V. (2023) · Teachers and Teaching · doi:10.1080/13540602.2023.2179615 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Pervaiz, S., Ali, A., & Asif, M. (2019) · International Journal of Educational Management · doi:10.1108/ijem-12-2017-0350 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Noughabi, M. A., Fekri, N., & Hasankiadeh, F. K. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.889133 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Peng, W., Liu, Y., & Peng, J. (2023) · System · doi:10.1016/j.system.2023.103093 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Ma, Y., & Liu, Z. (2024) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104219 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Sadoughi, M., Hejazi, S. Y., & Khajavy, G. H. (2024) · Language Teaching Research · doi:10.1177/13621688241238350 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Gholamrezaee, S., & Ghanizadeh, A. (2018) · Psychological Studies · doi:10.1007/s12646-018-0467-5 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationInvestigation of EFL Student Teachers’ Emotional Responses to Affective Situations during Practicum
Alhebaishi, S. M. (2019) · European Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.12973/eu-jer.8.4.1201 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
The Impact of Social Support on Burnout among Lecturers: A Systematic Literature Review
Cao, B., Hassan, N. C., & Omar, M. K. (2024) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs14080727 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Dovchin, S., Wang, M., & Steele, C. (2025) · International Journal of Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1111/ijal.12690 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Cuberos, R. C., Martínez-Martínez, A., García-Garnica, M., Pistón-Rodríguez, M. D., & López, J. E. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16234703 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Zhao, X., & Wang, Y. (2024) · Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching · doi:10.1080/17501229.2024.2391377 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Diego, M. V., Fincias, P. T., & Conde, M. J. R. (2020) · Psicologia Reflexão e Crítica · doi:10.1186/s41155-019-0139-y · Cited by 26 · see citing works
University language teachers’ contextually dependent uses of instrumental emotion regulation
Morris, S., & King, J. (2023) · System (Linköping) · doi:10.1016/j.system.2023.103080 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
An investigation of the relationships among EFL teachers’ perfectionism, reflection and burnout
Shirazizadeh, M., Karimpour, M., & Heidari‐Shahreza, M. A. (2019) · Cogent Education · doi:10.1080/2331186x.2019.1667708 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Emotional labour strategies and job burnout: A meta‐analysis of Chinese employees
Yin, Y., Sun, S., Song, L., Jin, C., & Wang, Y. (2022) · Asian Journal Of Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/ajsp.12554 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Entesari, E., Yousefi, M. H., & Eslami, H. (2020) · Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education · doi:10.1186/s40862-020-00096-w · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Positive Emotion Regulations Among English as a Foreign Language Teachers During COVID-19
Hongdan, Z. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.807541 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Kharrazi, F. H., & Ghanizadeh, A. (2023) · The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher · doi:10.1007/s40299-023-00791-5 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationDE-MOTIVATORS, BURNOUT AND LANGUAGE ACHIEVEMENT IN AN IRANIAN EFL CONTEXT
Ghanizadeh, A., & Jahedizadeh, S. (2015) · Journal of teaching language skills · doi:10.22099/jtls.2015.3585 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationRostami, S., Ghanizadeh, A., & Ghonsooly, B. (2015) · Iranian Journal of Applied Linguistics · doi:10.18869/acadpub.ijal.18.2.165 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationO’Toole, V. M. (2017) · Social Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s11218-017-9383-0 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Emotional competence: a prerequisite for effective teaching
Vignjević, B., & Mrnjaus, K. (2020) · Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja · doi:10.1080/1331677x.2020.1751673 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Fynes‐Clinton, S., Sherwell, C. S., Ziaei, M., York, A., O’Connor, E. S., Forrest, K., Flynn, L. M., Bower, J., Reutens, D. C., & Carroll, A. (2022) · npj Science of Learning · doi:10.1038/s41539-022-00123-0 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Wang, H., & Song, N. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.981500 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Investigating EFL Teachers' Emotional Regulation Strategies in Second Language Classroom Contexts
Wijaya, K. F. (2021) · ELT Worldwide Journal of English Language Teaching · doi:10.26858/eltww.v8i1.18032 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Teacher Emotion Regulation in Chinese Rural and Urban Schools: Impact on Burnout and Teaching Styles
Wang, J., Xing, Q., & Moè, A. (2024) · The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher · doi:10.1007/s40299-024-00963-x · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Burnout in Teachers: The Role of Emotion Regulation, Empathy, and Educational Level Taught
Brandão, T., Alfacinha, L., Brites, R., & Diniz, E. (2025) · School Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s12310-025-09794-7 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The journey from optimism to cynicism: The mediating and moderating roles of coping and training
Zeidan, S., & Prentice, C. (2022) · International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction · doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.102796 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Samadi, L., Bagheri, M. S., Sadighi, F., & Yarmohammadi, L. (2020) · Cogent Education · doi:10.1080/2331186x.2020.1781430 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Cheng, P. Y. Z., & Liu, H. (2024) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-024-01753-2 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Yim, S. Y., & Mercer, S. (2024) · System · doi:10.1016/j.system.2024.103553 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Dear Diary: An Exploration of L2 Teachers’ Emotional Experiences
Dumančić, D., Martinović, A., & Burić, I. (2022) · Journal for the Psychology of Language Learning · doi:10.52598/jpll/4/2/7 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Zhu, S., & Zhou, M. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.950229 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Setiyowati, A. J., Rachmawati, I., Wiyono, B. B., Indreswari, H., & Laksana, E. P. (2024) · International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) · doi:10.11591/ijere.v13i3.26778 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Three Dimensions of Labor: Cognitive Labor Differentiated from Emotional and Physical Labor
Lee, S. (2017) · Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.11648/j.jhrm.20170504.11 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
A Study of Iranian EFL Teachers' Attributions, Job Satisfaction, and Stress at Work
Ghanizadeh, A., & Jalal, F. K. C. (2017) · Alberta Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.55016/ojs/ajer.v63i3.56359 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationKorean EFL Teachers’ Emotional Labor: An Exploratory Study
Kim, Y., & 김태영 (2018) · English Language Teaching · doi:10.17936/pkelt.2018.30.2.002 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Meşe, E., & Mede, E. (2024) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2024.104732 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Song, J., & Miller, E. R. (2025) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009594134 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Xiao, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.906750 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Liu, G., Namaziandost, E., Rezai, A., & Heydarnejad, T. (2024) · International Journal of Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1111/ijal.12654 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Khorasani, R., & Ghanizadeh, A. (2017) · Asia Pacific Translation and Intercultural Studies · doi:10.1080/23306343.2017.1346461 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationSaudi EFL Teacher Professional Identity and Emotions: Emotions Regulation Perspective
Alharbi, M. S., & Ahmad, H. (2020) · Arab World English Journal · doi:10.24093/awej/vol11no3.24 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Royaei, N., & Ghanizadeh, A. (2016) · International and Multidisciplinary Journal of Social Sciences · doi:10.17583/rimcis.2016.2139 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationA systematic review of strategies, contexts and outcomes of emotion regulation in teaching
Vogl, P., Methlagl, M., & Hanfstingl, B. (2025) · Discover Psychology · doi:10.1007/s44202-025-00417-5 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Psychometric Properties of Korean version of Nurse Emotional Labor Strategy Scale (K-NELSS)
Choi, H., & Kim, M. Y. (2018) · Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration · doi:10.11111/jkana.2018.24.2.161 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Shen, Y., & Guo, H. (2025) · Humanities and Social Sciences Communications · doi:10.1057/s41599-025-06031-z · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Zhu, X., Tian, G., & Liu, Z. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su14148601 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Do well-being and emotion regulation predict L2-teacher grit?
Solhi, M., Ünsal, B., Noughabi, M. A., & Atay, D. (2024) · Porta Linguarum Revista Interuniversitaria de Didáctica de las Lenguas Extranjeras · doi:10.30827/portalin.viix.29883 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Morris, S., & King, J. (2024) · Springer international handbooks of education · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-43208-8_8-1 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Manan, S. A. (2025) · Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education · doi:10.1080/1359866x.2025.2562576 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Valentine, B., & Song, J. (2025) · TESOL Journal · doi:10.1002/tesj.70077 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Loomis, A. M., & Rose, D. M. (2024) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.107963 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Abruzzo, E., & Jacobs, K. B. (2022) · English Teaching Practice & Critique · doi:10.1108/etpc-11-2020-0150 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Scrutinizing EFL Teachers’ Emotions in the Indonesian Context of Bandung
Nugroho, A. A., & Mbato, C. L. (2021) · Journal of English Education and Teaching · doi:10.33369/jeet.5.3.330-348 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Effects of a Novel Resiliency Training Program for Social Media Content Moderators
Steiger, M., Bharucha, T. J., Torralba, W., Savio, M., Manchanda, P., & Lutz-Guevara, R. (2023) · Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-2397-5_27 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
The Phenomenon of Teacher Burnout
Sanford, K. (2017) · doi:10.33015/dominican.edu/2017.edu.04 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Yin, H., & Wang, X. (2026) · Educational Research Review · doi:10.1016/j.edurev.2026.100781 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Cultivating emotional literacy in language teachers during teacher training
Dumančić, D. (2025) · Language Learning Journal · doi:10.1080/09571736.2025.2453517 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Agbayani-Pineda, R. W. (2025) · International Journal of Instruction · doi:10.29333/iji.2025.18315a · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Teacher well-being and burnout in English Language Teaching (ELT)
Hossain, K. I. (2025) · Social Sciences & Humanities Open · doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.101856 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Ferdowsi, N., & Ghanizadeh, A. (2017) · International Journal of Research Studies in Psychology · doi:10.5861/ijrsp.2017.1818 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationHarry, N. (2021) · SA Journal of Industrial Psychology · doi:10.4102/sajip.v47i0.1819 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Coping with emotions in professional lives: Novice teachers’ voices in Indonesian secondary schools
Limeranto, J. T., & Kuswandono, P. (2023) · LITERA · doi:10.21831/ltr.v22i1.52405 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Probing EFL Teachers’ Job Motivation in the Light of Intra-individual Level Predictors
Ghanizadeh, A., & Royaei, N. (2018) · Polish Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.24425/119505 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationPankowski, D., Pisula, E., Wytrychiewicz‐Pankowska, K., Nowakowska, I., Banasiak, A., Markiewicz, M., & Jórczak, A. (2023) · Advances in Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.5709/acp-0386-7 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
LI, H. (2023) · Porta Linguarum Revista Interuniversitaria de Didáctica de las Lenguas Extranjeras · doi:10.30827/portalin.vi2023c.29635 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Uloga strategija emocionalnog napora u objašnjenju izgaranja nastavnika
Odjel za psihologiju, S. U. Z., Slišković, A., Burić, I., Odjel za psihologiju, S. U. Z., & Bubić, L. (2017) · Suvremena psihologija · doi:10.21465/2017-sp-202-03 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Berkovich, I. (2024) · doi:10.1002/9781119985280.ch13 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The Role of Emotional Intelligence to Teacher Perception of Student-Teacher Relationship
Saleh, A. Y., & Hibatullah, M. D. A. (2023) · Jurnal Pendidikan Progresif · doi:10.23960/jpp.v13.i2.202350 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Emotional Labor in School Administration: Opinions and Experiences of Turkish School Administrators
ÖZAN, E. Ş., & Akın, U. (2024) · Anadolu Journal Of Educational Sciences International · doi:10.18039/ajesi.1289699 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Language Teacher Demotivation and Burnout
Pawlak, M., Zawodniak, J., & Kruk, M. (2025) · Springer international handbooks of education · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-47310-4_7 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Çelikkaleli, Ö., Ata, R., Alpaslan, M. M., & Ulubey, Ö. (2025) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-025-08325-6 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Ülker, S., & Gi̇zi̇r, S. (2023) · Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.17860/mersinefd.1274890 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
- Authors
- Ghanizadeh, A., & Royaei, N.
- Affiliations
- Imam Reza International University (IR)
- Corresponding author
- Ghanizadeh, Afsaneh
- Venue
- International Journal of Pedagogies and Learning
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2015-05-04
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 139-150
- ISSN
- 1833-4105 (ISSN-L)
- 2204-0552
- OpenAlex
- W2188195983
- Cited by
- 136
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 26.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Pedagogies and Learning (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Emotional Labor in Professions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Occupational Health and Burnout
- Keywords
- teacher burnout, emotion regulation, emotional labor strategies, EFL teachers, cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression, surface acting, deep acting, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment, teacher emotions
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
