Ole Taeao Afua, the New Morning: A Qualitative Investigation Into Samoan Perspectives on Mental Health and Culturally Appropriate Services
Abstract
Objectives The first objective was to develop a culturally appropriate research method to investigate Samoan perspectives on mental health issues. The second objective was to apply this to identify cultural values and understandings important in the care and treatment of Samoan people with mental health problems. Method Gender-specific focus groups consisting of Samoan elders and service providers were facilitated by Samoan researchers in the Samoan language. Systematic analysis of the transcripts, adapted to the cultural context, were conducted in Samoan and later translated into English. Results A culturally derived method, referred to as Fa'afaletui, reflecting Samoan communal values and familiar institutional structures within the community, allowed each focus group to come to a consensual view on issues discussed. The Samoan self was identified as an essential concept for understanding Samoan views of mental health. This self was described as a relational self and mental wellness as a state of relational harmony, where personal elements of spiritual, mental and physical are in balance. Mental ill health was sometimes linked to breaches of forbidden and sacred relationships, which could be addressed effectively only within protocols laid down in the culture. Additional stressors contributing to mental ill-health were identified as low income, unemployment, rising housing costs and the marginalization of Samoan cultural norms in New Zealand. Participants identified the nee…
AI snapshot
Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
This qualitative study developed *Fa'afaletui*, a Samoan culturally grounded focus-group method, and used it to investigate Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services. Participants described a relational, holistic Samoan self and called for culturally based services integrating family, spirituality, and traditional healing alongside Western care.
Key findings
- The *Fa'afaletui* method used gender- and status-specific focus groups (“houses”/*fale*) that built consensus through weaving knowledge across groups; 14 focus group meetings took place: four for each Elder group and three for each service provider group. Participants numbered 12 Elder men, 12 Elder women, 10 male service providers, and 8 female service providers.
- The Samoan self was described as relational, not individual: it has meaning only in relationship with others and cannot be separated from the *va* (relational space) with parents, siblings, grandparents, extended family, and community. Mental wellness was described as relational harmony, with spiritual, mental, and physical elements in balance.
- Mental ill health was often understood as resulting from breaches of forbidden or sacred relationships (*tapu* and *sa*), sometimes involving curses (*malaaumatua*) that could be intergenerational. Additional stressors identified included low income, unemployment, rising housing costs, inability to meet family/church/remittance obligations, cultural identity conflicts, racial stereotypes and prejudices, and marginalization of Samoan cultural norms in New Zealand.
- Participants identified the need for a culturally based Samoan mental health service involving extended family, community-based care, Samoan staff, and traditional healers (*taulasea*/*fofo Samoa*) alongside clinicians; they also emphasized spirituality, language, culturally extended confidentiality, medical scholarships, and Samoan-led research.
Methods
- Qualitative focus group study. Participants were of Samoan descent living in urban areas of the lower North Island of New Zealand, selected by *Tumua ma Pule* to represent as many villages of origin as possible and balance participants from Savai’i and Upolu. Elder groups had a minimum age of 50 years; service provider groups represented a range of mental health disciplines.
- Gender-specific and relative-status-specific groups were facilitated by Samoan researchers in the Samoan language, with Samoan protocols observed. Informed consent was obtained after personal approaches by Samoan research team members and written material.
- Analysis was conducted in Samoan after researchers found important concepts difficult to translate precisely into English. Data were coded and categorized manually into recurring themes; the primary report was completed in Samoan and checked by authoritative participants, then an English report was prepared.
Limitations
- Stated in the paper: all participants were resident in the greater Wellington region of New Zealand, so some findings could be subject to regional differences; findings cannot be generalized to other Pacific Island communities.
- Evident from the paper: the sample consisted of Samoan elders and service providers, not mental health consumers; the paper notes that a current development of the study involves a similar enquiry into Samoan consumers’ perspectives.
- Stated in the paper: further research is required to establish whether themes are common with other Pacific Island groups and to test the validity of the *Fa’afaletui* method more broadly.
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
0 of 35 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged
- Findingnone given§ Tapu and sacredness in relationships · p. 4
Mental ill-health among Samoan people was reported as often understood to be the result of breaches of forbidden or sacred relationships (or breaches of 'sa' and 'tapu').
“Mental ill-health among Samoan people was reported as often understood to be the result of breaches of forbidden or sacred relationships (or breaches of 'sa' and 'tapu').”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Breaches of tapu and sa · p. 5
Participants viewed breaches of tapu and sa as grave transgressions of family, village or district relational boundaries.
“Such breaches were viewed as grave transgressions of family, village or district relational boundaries.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingnone given§ Tapu and sacredness in relationships · p. 4
The Samoan self was described as drawing its sense of worth from its ability to carry out its appropriate roles and responsibilities.
“The Samoan self was described as drawing its sense of worth from its ability to carry out its appropriate roles and responsibilities.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Breaches of tapu and sa · p. 5
Participants considered that there are cultural processes that facilitate healing after breaches of tapu and sa.
“There are cultural processes that facilitate healing after breaches of 'tapu and sa'.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingreasoning§ A relational self · p. 4
In the context of psychiatric services, individuals who receive treatment without regard for their communities and communal practices were denied a most important source of meaning and life support in their process of healing.
“In the context of psychiatric services, it was pointed out that individuals who receive treatment without regard for their communities and communal practices were denied a most important source of meaning and life support in their process of healing.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
- Findingown data§ A relational self · p. 4
The Samoan self was described as having meaning only in relationship with other people, not as an individual.
“The Samoan self was described as having meaning only in relationship with other people, not as an individual.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 1
Participants identified the need for a culturally based mental health service for Samoan people to address key cultural factors.
“Participants identified the need for a culturally based mental health service for Samoan people to address key cultural factors.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingnone given§ The Samoan world view and the importance of the relational self · p. 3
Participants considered that it was not possible to understand Samoan concepts of mental health and ill health without first understanding the Samoan concept of self.
“Participants considered that it was not possible to understand Samoan concepts of mental health and ill health without first understanding the Samoan concept of self.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Breaches of tapu and sa · p. 5
Participants considered that breaches of tapu and sa could often result in a curse (malaaumatua) being placed on the offending person or persons.
“They could often result in a curse (malaaumatua) being placed on the offending person or persons.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Spirituality and the self · p. 4
Participants described spiritual and mental aspects as being so closely related for Samoan people that psychiatric treatment processes that did not address the spiritual aspect were considered unlikely to be successful.
“Participants described spiritual and mental aspects as being so closely related for Samoan people that psychiatric treatment processes that did not address the spiritual aspect were considered unlikely to be successful.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Causes of mental illness · p. 4
All the focus groups expressed the view that mental ill health among Samoan people is often understood as being the result of breaches of forbidden or sacred relationships.
“All the focus groups expressed the view that mental ill health among Samoan people is often understood as being the result of breaches of forbidden or sacred relationships.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ The whole self cannot be divided · p. 4
Samoan people believe that the person is 'itu lua', that is the person has physical, mental and spiritual aspects.
“Samoan people believe that the person is 'itu lua', that is the person has physical, mental and spiritual aspects.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 1
Mental ill health was sometimes linked to breaches of forbidden and sacred relationships.
“Mental ill health was sometimes linked to breaches of forbidden and sacred relationships”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 1
Additional stressors contributing to mental ill-health were identified as low income, unemployment, rising housing costs and the marginalization of Samoan cultural norms in New Zealand.
“Additional stressors contributing to mental ill-health were identified as low income, unemployment, rising housing costs and the marginalization of Samoan cultural norms in New Zealand.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ A relational self · p. 4
The Samoan self could not be separated from the 'va' or relational space that occurs between an individual and parents, siblings, grandparents, aunts, uncles and other extended family and community members.
“This self could not be separated from the 'va' or relational space that occurs between an individual and parents, siblings, grandparents, aunts, uncles and other extended family and community members.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ The whole self cannot be divided · p. 4
The Samoan term for spiritual, 'fa'aleagaga', was frequently used by participants to include the mental faculty.
“In fact the Samoan term for spiritual, 'fa'aleagaga' was frequently used by participants to include the mental faculty.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ The whole self cannot be divided · p. 4
Participants emphasized that the Samoan self is seen as a total being comprising spiritual, mental and physical elements which cannot be separated.
“It was emphasized that the Samoan self is seen as a total being comprising spiritual, mental and physical elements which cannot be separated.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Breaches of tapu and sa · p. 5
Participants considered that curses would frequently condemn the person to a life outside of family and village relationships, which they viewed as a life without purpose.
“They would frequently condemn the person to a life outside of family and village relationships, and hence a life without purpose.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 1
A culturally derived method, referred to as Fa'afaletui, reflecting Samoan communal values and familiar institutional structures within the community, allowed each focus group to come to a consensual view on issues discussed.
“A culturally derived method, referred to as Fa'afaletui , reflecting Samoan communal values and familiar institutional structures within the community, allowed each focus group to come to a consensual view on issues discussed.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 1
Mental wellness was described as a state of relational harmony, where personal elements of spiritual, mental and physical are in balance.
“mental wellness as a state of relational harmony, where personal elements of spiritual, mental and physical are in balance.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ The whole self cannot be divided · p. 4
Participants viewed this being as deriving its sense of wholeness, sacredness and uniqueness from its place of belonging in its family and village, its genealogy, language, land environment and culture.
“Participants viewed this being as deriving its sense of wholeness, sacredness and uniqueness from its place of belonging in its family and village, its genealogy, language, land environment and culture.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 1
The Samoan self was described as a relational self.
“This self was described as a relational self”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 1
The Samoan self was identified as an essential concept for understanding Samoan views of mental health.
“The Samoan self was identified as an essential concept for understanding Samoan views of mental health.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Breaches of tapu and sa · p. 5
Participants in the study considered that, prior to 1920, rare cases of mental illness had usually been attributed to breaches of tapu and sa.
“Participants considered that prior to 1920 rare cases of mental illness had usually been attributed to breaches of 'tapu and sa'.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5
Participants stated that sometimes mental illness results from an inability to fulfil responsibilities and obligations to their families, villages and districts of belonging.
“The participants stated that sometimes mental illness results from an inability to fulfil responsibilities and obligations to their families, villages and districts of belonging:”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Enhancing the mental wellbeing of Samoan people · p. 7
Participants identified churches as the next most important source of support where families were unable to provide a secure foundation, providing both a spiritual dimension and pastoral care and support for families.
“Where families were unable to provide this secure foundation, the churches were identified as being the next most important source of support, providing both a spiritual dimension as well as pastoral care and support for families.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Weaknesses of mental health services for Pacific Island people · p. 6
Participants emphasized that language and cultural issues led to crucial communication problems, such that details regarding symptoms and the frequency and nature of particular psychiatric experiences may be misunderstood by psychiatrists who speak English when interviewing patients whose primary language is Samoan.
“Participants emphasized that these issues led to crucial communication problems. For example details regarding symptoms and the frequency and nature of particular psychiatric experiences may be misunderstood by psychiatrists who speak English when interviewing patients whose primary language is Samoan.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Discussion · p. 7
The Samoan self described in this study is a relational self.
“The Samoan self described in this study is a relational self.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5
Participants reported that in some Samoan families in New Zealand, older members become depressed as senior members are accorded lower status in earning power and recognition.
“In some families older members become depressed as senior members are accorded lower status, both in earning power and recognition in New Zealand:”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Key cultural factors · p. 6
Participants considered the Samoan view of self-a relational self in which spiritual, mental and physical aspects are considered together as a whole and not treated as separate entities-to be a crucial concept in developing culturally appropriate services for Samoan people.
“Participants considered the Samoan view of self to be a crucial concept in developing culturally appropriate services for Samoan people. This view was of a relational self in which spiritual, mental and physical aspects were considered together as a whole and not treated as separate entities.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Enhancing the mental wellbeing of Samoan people · p. 7
Participants identified the family as the primary site of education and nurturance of language and cultural knowledge.
“It is also the primary site of education and nurturance of language and cultural knowledge.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5
Participants reported that mental ill health could be triggered by feelings of failure associated with the inability to meet financial responsibilities within the extended family.
“A third theme was that mental ill health could be triggered by feelings of failure associated with the inability to meet financial responsibilities within the extended family.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Enhancing the mental wellbeing of Samoan people · p. 7
Participants identified the importance of preventing mental ill health through the strengthening of critical cultural concepts and structures.
“Participants identified the importance of preventing mental ill health through the strengthening of critical cultural concepts and structures.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5
Participants identified physical and sexual abuse as a precipitant for mental ill health.
“Other factors identified as precipitants for mental ill health included: drug and alcohol abuse, unresolved grief, physical and sexual abuse, and isolation due to the breakdown of traditional collective support systems.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Enhancing the mental wellbeing of Samoan people · p. 7
Participants emphasized strengthening of spirituality and relational arrangements within the family, in recognition that the family is the first place of relational harmony, belonging and identity.
“The emphasis was placed on strengthening of spirituality and relational arrangements within the family, in recognition that the family is the first place of relational harmony, belonging and identity.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Service issues · p. 6
Participants identified a need for a specific Samoan service for mentally unwell Samoan people combining aspects of both Western and traditional Samoan models of care.
“Participants identified a need for a specific Samoan service for mentally unwell Samoan people combining aspects of both Western and traditional Samoan models of care:”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5
Participants reported that for younger Samoan people, the push to succeed in a Palagi environment at school, where they are seen as different and often from a low income family, could lead to the development of psychological problems.
“For younger people, the push to succeed in a Palagi (European) environment at school, where they are seen as different and often from a low income family, could lead to the development of psychological problems:”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5
Participants stated that for many Samoans who have migrated to New Zealand, the reason for migration has been family and their responsibilities towards family.
“For many Samoans who have migrated here, the reason has been because of family and their responsibilities towards family.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Family involvement · p. 6
Participants noted different cultural conceptions of confidentiality.
“Participants noted different cultural conceptions of confidentiality, and considered that clients of a Samoan service should be able to choose to have their rights to confidential information extended to their families, rather than restricted to individual rights.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5
Participants thought that racial stereotypes and prejudices held by non-Samoan peers and teachers create pressure on young Samoan people in the school setting.
“Racial stereotypes and prejudices held by non-Samoan peers and teachers were also thought to create pressure on young Samoan people in the school setting.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Employing Samoan healers · p. 7
Participants stated that they wanted taulasea and fofo to be employed in the mental health services alongside other clinicians.
“Participants stated that they wanted taulasea and fofo (Samoan healers) to be employed in the mental health services alongside other clinicians.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5
Participants viewed conflicting values between Samoan culture and the dominant Palagi culture in New Zealand as a significant ongoing stressor.
“Secondly, conflicting values between Samoan culture and the dominant Palagi (European) culture in New Zealand were viewed as a significant ongoing stressor.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Discussion · p. 7
Participants were all resident in the greater Wellington region of New Zealand.
“Although participants were all Samoan and represented a range of villages in different parts of Samoa, it should be noted that they were all resident in the greater Wellington region of New Zealand”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5
Participants reported that conflicts of cultural identity cause shock and trauma for Samoan people, whether born in New Zealand or brought up in Samoa, including conflicts with cultures within schools.
“There are conflicts of cultural identity causing shock and trauma. (Whether the child) was born in New Zealand or brought up in Samoa, there are conflicts with cultures within schools.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingnone given§ Discussion · p. 7
The present study developed an innovative research method known as Fa'afaletui which weaves in established qualitative research principles with the values and processes indigenous to Samoan culture.
“It has developed an innovative research method known as Fa'afaletui which weaves in established qualitative research principles with the values and processes indigenous to Samoan culture.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5
Participants reported that there is not enough money to meet obligations and fulfil responsibilities.
“There is not enough financially to meet obligations and fulfil responsibilities.”
- Also stated in: § Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5 · plain
“(There is) no money, not enough money.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Also stated in: § Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5 · plain
- Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5
Participants highlighted pressures of cultural adjustment as possible precipitants of mental ill health.
“Pressures of cultural adjustment were also highlighted as possible precipitants of mental ill health:”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5
Participants identified drug and alcohol abuse as a precipitant for mental ill health.
“Other factors identified as precipitants for mental ill health included: drug and alcohol abuse, unresolved grief, physical and sexual abuse, and isolation due to the breakdown of traditional collective support systems.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5
Participants maintained that mental illness was more likely to occur when extended family relationships were disrupted and traditional relational arrangements weakened.
“Firstly, participants maintained that mental illness was more likely to occur when extended family relationships were disrupted and traditional relational arrangements weakened.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Strengths of mental health services · p. 5
Participants recognized that there were mental disorders which could only be treated by Western medicine.
“There was recognition that there were mental disorders which could only be treated by Western medicine:”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5
Participants identified isolation due to the breakdown of traditional collective support systems as a precipitant for mental ill health.
“Other factors identified as precipitants for mental ill health included: drug and alcohol abuse, unresolved grief, physical and sexual abuse, and isolation due to the breakdown of traditional collective support systems.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5
Participants identified unresolved grief as a precipitant for mental ill health.
“Other factors identified as precipitants for mental ill health included: drug and alcohol abuse, unresolved grief, physical and sexual abuse, and isolation due to the breakdown of traditional collective support systems.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5
Participants reported that when traditional Samoan structures of support were fragile or absent, healing and the restoration of emotional and relational harmony were much more difficult to achieve.
“Finally, when traditional Samoan structures of support were fragile or absent, healing and the restoration of emotional and relational harmony were seen as much more difficult to achieve.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingnone given§ Discussion · p. 7
This study found that from a Samoan point of view, understanding the Samoan sense of self is crucial to an understanding of what constitutes mental wellbeing for Samoan people.
“This study found that from a Samoan point of view, understanding the Samoan sense of self is crucial to an understanding of what constitutes mental wellbeing for Samoan people.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Enhancing the mental wellbeing of Samoan people · p. 7
Participants identified a need within their own communities to strengthen family relationships and the role of the church.
“While offering suggestions regarding changes to New Zealand mental health services to improve care provided for Samoan people, participants also identified a need within their own communities to strengthen family relationships and the role of the church.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Discussion · p. 8
The study found that many Samoan households experience added pressures that can lead to mental ill health.
“The study also noted the added pressures many Samoan households experience that can lead to mental ill health.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim- Rests on an assumption: Samoan families as a whole tend to occupy a lower socio-economic status than the majority of New Zealanders.
- Findingown data§ Discussion · p. 8
According to the participants in this study, spirituality must be addressed if the mental health care of Samoan people is to be effective.
“According to the participants in this study, spirituality must be addressed if the mental health care of Samoan people is to be effective.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingreasoning§ Discussion · p. 8
The combination of financial worries experienced by low-income households and added pressures associated with cultural collective obligations creates added stresses for many Samoan households.
“The combination of the financial worries low income households experience and the added pressures associated with cultural collective obligations create added stresses for many.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim- Rests on an assumption: Samoan families as a whole tend to occupy a lower socio-economic status than the majority of New Zealanders.
- Findingcitation§ Discussion · p. 8
Participants in this study highlighted that young Pacific Island women face a predicament growing up in New Zealand, straddling cultures with very different values.
“Tupuola [18] has emphasized the predicament that young Pacific Island women face growing up in New Zealand, straddling cultures with very different values. Participants in this study also highlighted this point.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Premisecitation§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 2
The Samoan language is spoken either on an informal level or in a highly formal mode depending on the situation.
“The Samoan language, depending on the situation, is spoken either on an informal level or in a mode which is highly formal.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [1] 1. Tamasese K, Peteru C, Waldegrave C. Ole Taeao Afua: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services. Report for the Health Research Council of New Zealand. Wellington: The Family Centre, 1997.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Premisecitation§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 2
In the Samoan context, the nuances of the Samoan language hold the key to understanding the meaning of important cultural concepts.
“In the Samoan context, the nuances of the Samoan language hold the key to understanding the meaning of important cultural concepts [1].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [1] 1. Tamasese K, Peteru C, Waldegrave C. Ole Taeao Afua: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services. Report for the Health Research Council of New Zealand. Wellington: The Family Centre, 1997.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Premisecitation§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 2
Pacific people delay or avoid seeking treatment from mainstream psychiatric services.
“hospital admission statistics support the view that Pacific people delay or avoid seeking treatment from mainstream psychiatric services [3].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [3] 3. Bathgate M, Pulotu-Endemann FK. Pacific People in New Zealand. Chapter 4. In: Ellis PM, Collings SCD, eds. Mental health in New Zealand from a public health perspective. Wellington: Ministry of Health, 1997.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Premisecitation§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 2
Cross-cultural research that examines non-western participants from western psychiatric points of view carries risks.
“The risks of cross-cultural research which is used to examine the experience of non-western participants from western psychiatric points of view, have been highlighted by a number of authors [4-6].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 3 sources checked- cites [4] 4. Kleinman A. Anthropology and Psychiatry - the role of culture in cross-cultural research on illness. British Journal of Psychiatry 1987; 151:447-454.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites [5] 5. Marsella AJ. Culture Self and Mental Disorder. Chapter 9. In: Marsella AJ, DeVos G, Hsu FLK, eds. Culture and self: Asian and Western perspectives . New York: Tavistock, 1985.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites [6]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Premisecitation§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 2
The highly formal mode of Samoan is the language with which knowledge is appropriately and most commonly imparted.
“The latter is the language with which knowledge is appropriately and most commonly imparted [1].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [1] 1. Tamasese K, Peteru C, Waldegrave C. Ole Taeao Afua: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services. Report for the Health Research Council of New Zealand. Wellington: The Family Centre, 1997.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Interpretationreasoning§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 1
The Samoan concept of self provides a theoretical foundation for understanding the mental health needs of Samoan people.
“The Samoan concept of self provides a theoretical foundation for understanding the mental health needs of Samoan people”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Premisecitation§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 2
Allusive linguistic techniques such as 'riddles and camouflage' play a key role in the Samoan context.
“allusive linguistic techniques such as 'riddles and camouflage' play a key role [1].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [1] 1. Tamasese K, Peteru C, Waldegrave C. Ole Taeao Afua: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services. Report for the Health Research Council of New Zealand. Wellington: The Family Centre, 1997.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Premisecitation§ Method · p. 2
Cultural meaning that differs from mainstream definitions often becomes marginalized in formal discourse and theory.
“Cultural meaning that differs from mainstream definitions often becomes marginalized in formal discourse and theory [1].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [1] 1. Tamasese K, Peteru C, Waldegrave C. Ole Taeao Afua: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services. Report for the Health Research Council of New Zealand. Wellington: The Family Centre, 1997.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Interpretationreasoning§ Spirituality and the self · p. 4
Despite the change in emphasis following the arrival of Christian missionaries to Samoa, a person's relationship to land, sea, ancestors and God remain central to the Samoan sense of self.
“Despite the change in emphasis following the arrival of Christian missionaries to Samoa, a person's relationship to land, sea, ancestors and God remain central to the Samoan sense of self.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Premisecitation§ Data collection · p. 2
Focus groups provide an opportunity for more in-depth discussion than other research techniques.
“This method provides an opportunity for more in depth discussion than other research techniques”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [11]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Premisecitation§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 2
Protocol and etiquette are critical in the Samoan context.
“Protocol and etiquette are critical”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [1] 1. Tamasese K, Peteru C, Waldegrave C. Ole Taeao Afua: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services. Report for the Health Research Council of New Zealand. Wellington: The Family Centre, 1997.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Interpretationnone given§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 1
The Fa'afaletui method is a new research method.
“The Fa'afaletui method is a new research method”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Premisecitation§ Data collection · p. 2
In Samoan culture, issues of importance are always discussed collectively.
“In Samoan culture, issues of importance are always discussed collectively [1].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [1] 1. Tamasese K, Peteru C, Waldegrave C. Ole Taeao Afua: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services. Report for the Health Research Council of New Zealand. Wellington: The Family Centre, 1997.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Interpretationnone given§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 1
Breaches of forbidden and sacred relationships could be addressed effectively only within protocols laid down in the culture.
“which could be addressed effectively only within protocols laid down in the culture.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Premisecitation§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 2
In New Zealand there is a Ministry of Health policy commitment to addressing the specific mental health needs of Samoan and other Pacific Island people.
“In New Zealand there is a Ministry of Health policy commitment to addressing the specific mental health needs of Samoan and other Pacific Island people [7,8].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 2 sources checked- cites [7]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites [8]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Premisecitation§ Data collection · p. 2
Focus groups allow the development of consensus views around issues of importance.
“focus groups also allow the development of consensus views around issues of importance [1]”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [1] 1. Tamasese K, Peteru C, Waldegrave C. Ole Taeao Afua: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services. Report for the Health Research Council of New Zealand. Wellington: The Family Centre, 1997.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Interpretationreasoning§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 1
The Samoan concept of self provides a basis for developing appropriate services.
“and a basis for developing appropriate services.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Premisecitation§ Data collection · p. 2
Focus groups allow systematic comparisons of an individual's experience with those in their group.
“allows systematic comparisons of an individual's experience with those in their group [11]”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [11]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Study design and conductreasoning§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 1
The Fa'afaletui method is sensitive and responsive to Samoan cultural norms.
“which is sensitive and responsive to Samoan cultural norms”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 7
Research methods traditionally used in the mental health field have not been well accepted by Pacific Island groups.
“Furthermore, research methods traditionally used in the mental health field have not been well accepted by Pacific Island groups [1].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [1] 1. Tamasese K, Peteru C, Waldegrave C. Ole Taeao Afua: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services. Report for the Health Research Council of New Zealand. Wellington: The Family Centre, 1997.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Interpretationreasoning§ Discussion · p. 7
The trust shown by participants suggests that the research method was found to be culturally relevant and safe.
“The trust shown by participants suggests that the research method was found to be culturally relevant and safe.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Study design and conductnone given§ Discussion · p. 7
The validation of key cultural concepts was strengthened by verification of findings by participants.
“The validation of key cultural concepts was strengthened by verification of findings by participants.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 8
Maori authors have described spirituality as integral to a Maori model of mental wellbeing.
“For example, Maori authors have described spirituality as integral to a Maori model of mental wellbeing [17].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [17]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- May combine two claims. 31
- Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 63
May combine two claims.
Findingnone given§ Tapu and sacredness in relationships · p. 4It was noted that although young people brought up in New Zealand were less influenced by these concepts they were still relevant when the young person faced a crisis in their life.
“It was noted that although young people brought up in New Zealand were less influenced by these concepts they were still relevant when the young person faced a crisis in their life.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Findingown data§ Fa'afaletui method · p. 3Fa'afaletui is a Samoan concept that describes a method which facilitates the gathering and validation of important knowledge within the culture.
“Fa'afaletui is a Samoan concept, that was brought to the notice of the researchers by the Elder men and women's focus group participants, to explain the process in which they viewed themselves to be a part.”
- Also stated in: § Fa'afaletui method · p. 3 · plain
“Essentially, fa'afaletui describes a method which facilitates the gathering and validation of important knowledge within the culture.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim- Also stated in: § Fa'afaletui method · p. 3 · plain
Classified as probably not a substantial claim.
Findingreasoning§ Fa'afaletui method · p. 3Fa'afaletui is the critical process of weaving together all the different expressions of knowledge from within various groupings.
“Fa'afaletui is the critical process of weaving (tui) together all the different expressions of knowledge from within various groupings.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Findingown data§ Analysis · p. 3Important concepts discussed in the Samoan language were difficult to translate precisely, resulting in the loss of the essence of some of the information.
“the Samoan researchers became concerned that important concepts discussed in the Samoan language were difficult to translate precisely, resulting in the loss of the essence of some of the information.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Breaches of tapu and sa · p. 5Participants described the Samoan way of healing as the family establishing why a curse has been put on the person and seeking reconciliation through appropriate processes.
“The Samoan way of healing is for the family to establish why there has been a curse put on this person and to seek reconciliation through appropriate processes.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingown data§ Breaches of tapu and sa · p. 5Participants considered that, in the Samoan context, the relationship between sisters and brothers is viewed as especially sacred.
“In the Samoan context, this relationship is viewed as especially sacred”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Results · p. 3There were 12 participants in each of the Elder men and women's groups and ten and eight members for the men and women's service provider groups, respectively.
“There were 12 participants in each of the Elder men and women's groups and ten and eight members for the men and women's service provider groups, respectively.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).
Findingnone given§ Tapu and sacredness in relationships · p. 4The quotations presented were typical of the comments of all the groups.
“These quotations were typical of the comments of all the groups and emphasize the fundamental importance of language, Samoan etiquette and protocol in protecting the sacred nature of relationships, and maintaining wellbeing in Samoan society.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingreasoning§ Analysis · p. 3Digital theming techniques proved inadequate for the data.
“digital theming techniques proved inadequate.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingown data§ Analysis · p. 3The themes consisted of clusters of subject areas that consistently recurred.
“The themes consisted of clusters of the subject areas that consistently recurred.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Tapu and sacredness in relationships · p. 4The comments of all the groups emphasized the fundamental importance of language, Samoan etiquette and protocol in protecting the sacred nature of relationships and maintaining wellbeing in Samoan society.
“These quotations were typical of the comments of all the groups and emphasize the fundamental importance of language, Samoan etiquette and protocol in protecting the sacred nature of relationships, and maintaining wellbeing in Samoan society.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingreasoning§ Breaches of tapu and sa · p. 5Participants considered that, as part of the feagaiga (covenant), a sister has the power to curse a brother whose conduct is extremely untoward or neglectful of her.
“As part of this feagaiga (covenant) a sister has the power to curse a brother whose conduct is extremely untoward or neglectful of her.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingown data§ Breaches of tapu and sa · p. 5Participants considered that it is the role and responsibility of a brother to ensure the safety and welfare of his sister or sisters.
“it is the role and responsibility of a brother to ensure the safety and welfare of his sister or sisters.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Findingnone given§ Tapu and sacredness in relationships · p. 4These cultural notions were clearly viewed as being effectively addressed only within the protocols laid down in the culture.
“These cultural notions were clearly viewed as being effectively addressed only within the protocols laid down in the culture.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Breaches of tapu and sa · p. 5Participants considered that being cursed means that something has been dealt with irreverently or desecrated, and the person has been assigned the consequences of desecrating sacred protocols.
“If a person has been cursed, it is because something has been dealt with irreverently or desecrated.”
- Also stated in: § Breaches of tapu and sa · p. 5 · plain
“In other words he or she has been assigned the consequences of desecrating sacred protocols.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim- Also stated in: § Breaches of tapu and sa · p. 5 · plain
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Findingnone given§ Spirituality and the self · p. 4In Samoan culture, Gods were traditionally embodied in the environment in which people lived, and genealogical ties could always be traced back to a God.
“In Samoan culture, Gods were traditionally embodied in the environment in which people lived and genealogical ties could always be traced back to a God.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Findingown data§ Analysis · p. 3Much of the data was given in metaphorical and allusive language, as is common in serious Samoan discourse.
“much of the data was given in metaphorical and allusive language, as is common in serious Samoan discourse”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingown data§ Breaches of tapu and sa · p. 5Participants considered that curses could be intergenerational.
“Curses could be intergenerational.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingown data§ Service issues · p. 6Participants stated that Samoan people will work in Samoan mental health services with commitment because they will look after their own people as if they were their mothers or fathers.
“. . . there will be Samoan people who will work there with commitment because they will look after their own people as if they were their mothers or fathers . . .”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Findingown data§ Family involvement · p. 6Participants stated that there should be people trained to provide support and counselling for families of the mentally unwell.
“Within this service, the participants stated that there should be people trained to provide support and counselling for families of the mentally unwell:”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5Participants reported that there are different values and priorities between Samoan culture and the dominant culture, and these values conflict.
“There are different values and priorities between Samoan culture and the dominant culture, and these values conflict.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Findingown data§ Employing Samoan healers · p. 7Participants stated that traditional Samoan medicine and healing knowledge should be valued in the treatment of Samoan people.
“Traditional Samoan medicine and healing knowledge should be valued in the treatment of Samoan people . . .”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Findingown data§ Employing Samoan healers · p. 7Participants stated there needs to be education of Samoan psychiatrists and Samoan cultural consultants.
“There needs to be education of Samoan psychiatrists and Samoan cultural consultants . . .”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Findingown data§ Community support services · p. 7Participants stated there is a need for a mental health service to cater for the needs of Samoan people run by Samoan people.
“. . . we need a mental health service to cater for the needs of Samoan people run by Samoan people . . .”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5Participants reported that young people don't know if they are Palagi (European) or Samoan, and they are confused.
“(Young people) . . . don 't know if they are Palagi (European) or Samoan, they're confused.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Key cultural factors · p. 6Participants highlighted the important role of Samoan relational arrangements in the healing process and the critical role of the family in nurturing them, emphasizing the importance of involving the extended family in treatment.
“They highlighted the important role of Samoan relational arrangements in the healing process and the critical role of the family in nurturing them. The importance of involving the extended family in treatment was emphasized.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingown data§ Service issues · p. 6Participants stated that Samoan people are best employed in Samoan mental health services because they understand the needs of Samoan people.
“. . . Samoan people are best employed because they understand the needs of Samoan people . . .”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Findingown data§ Weaknesses of mental health services for Pacific Island people · p. 6Participants reported that Samoans are being diagnosed by people from other cultures who define normality from their own perspective.
“Samoans are being diagnosed by people from other cultures who define normality from their own perspective.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Weaknesses of mental health services for Pacific Island people · p. 6Participants stated that where the cause of unwellness originated from breaches of Tapu and Sa, and where this had a history of being intergenerational, Western treatment was not effective.
“It was stated that where the cause of the unwellness originated from breaches of Tapu and Sa, and where this had a history of being intergenerational, then Western treatment was not effective:”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Findingown data§ Family involvement · p. 6Participants pointed out that the family can be marginalized through current institutional processes and legal requirements for confidentiality and privacy.
“They pointed out that the family, which provides most of the support and has its own recognized boundaries can be marginalized through current institutional processes and legal requirements for confidentiality and privacy.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingown data§ Weaknesses of mental health services for Pacific Island people · p. 6Participants referenced established Maori mental health services in New Zealand as providing culturally appropriate care for Maori patients.
“References were made to established Maori mental health services in New Zealand which provide culturally appropriate care for Maori patients:”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5Participants reported that needs from Samoa become a pressure, making it difficult for young people to provide financially for family, church obligations, and remittances to Samoa, and that these burdens can lead to mental breakdown.
“The needs from Samoa become a pressure . . . it becomes difficult for young people to provide (financially) for the family, church obligations, to send remittances (home to Samoa) . . . these become heavy burdens, the mind tries to cope, then it breaks down.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Discussion · p. 7Participants raised deeply spiritual material during the research and clearly expected that this would be treated as sacred by the researchers.
“Participants raised deeply spiritual material during the course of the research and clearly expected that this would be treated as sacred by the researchers.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Weaknesses of mental health services for Pacific Island people · p. 6Participants reported that psychiatric treatment of Samoan people in New Zealand was based on Western medical beliefs and primarily focused on physical modes of treatment.
“Participants reported that psychiatric treatment of Samoan people in New Zealand was based on Western medical beliefs. This primarily focused on physical modes of treatment:”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingown data§ Strengths of mental health services · p. 6Participants acknowledged the emerging role of Pacific people employed as cultural advisors in mainstream mental health services as a significant first step in bridging identified cultural gaps.
“There was also acknowledgement of the emerging role of Pacific people who were employed as cultural advisors in mainstream mental health services. This was seen as a significant first step in bridging identified cultural gaps.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Findingown data§ Community support services · p. 7Participants stated that therapy and counseling that connects people to their places and gives a sense of belonging should be made available.
“Therapy and counseling that connects people to their places and gives a sense of belonging should be made available.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingown data§ Service issues · p. 6Participants stated that early recognition of symptoms and causes, changes in behaviour, and intervention at an early stage would increase the likelihood of recovery.
“. . . early recognition of symptoms and causes, changes in behaviour and intervention at an early stage would increase the likelihood of recovery”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Findingown data§ Community support services · p. 7Participants emphasized the need for community based services.
“Participants emphasized the need for community based services:”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Findingown data§ Family involvement · p. 6Participants considered that clients of a Samoan service should be able to choose to have their rights to confidential information extended to their families, rather than restricted to individual rights.
“Participants noted different cultural conceptions of confidentiality, and considered that clients of a Samoan service should be able to choose to have their rights to confidential information extended to their families, rather than restricted to individual rights.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Employing Samoan healers · p. 7Participants stated that taulasea should be recognized because there are illnesses which can only be treated by fofo Samoa and there are also illnesses which can only be treated by Western medicine.
“taulasea (Samoan healers) should be recognized because there are illnesses which can only be treated by fofo Samoa (Samoan healing methods); there are also illnesses which can only be treated by Western medicine . . .”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Findingown data§ Medical scholarships and research · p. 7Participants recommended that medical scholarships be made available for Samoan students to enable a greater proportion to complete medical training and proceed with specialist training in psychiatry.
“Participants recommended that medical scholarships be made available for Samoan students to enable a greater proportion to complete medical training and proceed with specialist training in psychiatry.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Medical scholarships and research · p. 7Participants stated there was a need for Samoan researchers to undertake qualitative and quantitative research that relates to Samoan people and that this research should be more accessible to Samoan people.
“They also stated that there was a need for Samoan researchers to undertake qualitative and quantitative research that relates to Samoan people and that this research should be more accessible to Samoan people.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Additional pressures in New Zealand · p. 5Participants reported that one of the biggest reasons, especially for younger generations, is the different cultures and trying to live in the European way while keeping one's identity as a Samoan and playing one's role in the family, with two areas putting a lot of pressure on them to function in the community and in the home.
“One of the biggest reasons especially for the younger generations is the different cultures and trying to live in the European way . . . as well as keeping your identity as a Samoan and playing your role in the family. You've got two (areas) putting a lot of pressure on you to function out in the community and function in here.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Weaknesses of mental health services for Pacific Island people · p. 6Participants identified language and a lack of familiarity with important cultural issues as problems with the current mental health services.
“Language and a lack of familiarity with important cultural issues, were identified as problems with the current mental health services:”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Findingown data§ Service issues · p. 6Participants stated that there should be a hospital service for Samoan people where they can be taken care of.
“. . . there should be a hospital service for Samoan people where they can be taken care of”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Employing Samoan healers · p. 7Participants wished to see the status of traditional healers recognized along with appropriate remuneration.
“They wished to see the status of traditional healers recognized along with appropriate remuneration.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Strengths of mental health services · p. 6Participants reported that hospital facilities helped relieve the burden of care faced by some families, enabling other family members to seek paid employment.
“Hospital facilities also helped to relieve the burden of care faced by some families, enabling other family members to seek paid employment:”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Family involvement · p. 6Participants stated that families need to be supported where needed in therapy and counseling and financial budgeting.
“. . . there need to be family and community education programmes; families need to be supported where needed in therapy and counseling, financial (budgeting) . . .”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Weaknesses of mental health services for Pacific Island people · p. 6Participants stated that medication and injections cannot treat illness caused by breaches of Tapu and Sa, and that it can be healed through appropriate traditional healing.
“. . . medication and injections cannot treat this type of illness; it can be healed through appropriate traditional healing.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Findingown data§ Weaknesses of mental health services for Pacific Island people · p. 6Participants reported that there are no Samoan psychiatrists.
“There are no Samoan psychiatrists.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Findingown data§ Discussion · p. 8Participants in this study called for similar Samoan or Pacific Island services to specifically address these issues for Samoan patients and their families.
“Participants in this study called for similar Samoan or Pacific Island services to specifically address these issues for Samoan patients and their families.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Discussion · p. 8In this study a range of recommendations of how to transform current approaches were put forward by participants, involving the provision of services that incorporate the beliefs and customs of Samoan people, the use of traditional healers alongside mental health clinicians, and closer links in the healing process with extended families, the churches and the communities in which Samoan people live
“In this study a range of recommendations of how to do that were put forward by participants. These involved the provision of services that incorporate the beliefs and customs of Samoan people, the use of traditional healers alongside mental health clinicians, and closer links in the healing process with extended families, the churches and the communities in which Samoan people”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Discussion · p. 8Western notions of the self as being primarily individuated rather than relational, and secular/scientific rather than spiritual, differ substantially from those identified by participants in this study.
“In particular the Western notions of the self as being primarily individuated rather than relational, and secular/scientific rather than spiritual, differ substantially from those identified by participants in this study.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingnone given§ Discussion · p. 8Racial stereotypes and prejudices from mainstream cultural groups contributed further tensions for Samoan families, along with the cultural adjustments many immigrant families were undergoing.
“Racial stereotypes and prejudices from the mainstream cultural groups contributed further tensions along with the cultural adjustments many immigrant families were undergoing.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).
Premisecitation§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 2Research approaches that examine data using analysis derived from concepts indigenous to the culture in question are important.
“Kleinman has emphasized the importance of research approaches which examine data using analysis derived from concepts indigenous to the culture in question.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Premisecitation§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 2A person's first language houses their sense of belonging and identity and best explains their world view.
“a person's first language houses their sense of belonging and identity and best explains their world view [1].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [1] 1. Tamasese K, Peteru C, Waldegrave C. Ole Taeao Afua: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services. Report for the Health Research Council of New Zealand. Wellington: The Family Centre, 1997.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Interpretationreasoning§ Fa'afaletui method · p. 3Relative status separation in focus groups allowed recognition of the roles and responsibilities of elders and their particular knowledge of traditional health models prior to the Western public health system in Samoa.
“The relative status separation allowed recognition of the roles and responsibilities of elders on the one hand and their particular knowledge of traditional 'health models' prior to the Western public health system in Samoa, on the other.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Interpretationown data§ Fa'afaletui method · p. 3Gender separation in focus groups allowed relationships and appropriate cultural protocols to be addressed and permitted issues considered tapu to be openly discussed.
“The gender separation allowed relationships and the appropriate cultural protocols to be addressed and permitted issues considered tapu (or sacred and forbidden) which could not be spoken of across gender groups, to be openly discussed.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Premisecitation§ Method · p. 2From a Western perspective, postmodern critical theory offers a rationale for this approach to mainstream theorists and practitioners, because it identifies differing constructions of meaning and power differences between them.
“From a Western perspective, postmodern critical theory offers a rationale for this approach to mainstream theorists and practitioners, because it identifies differing constructions of meaning and power differences between them [10].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [10]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).
Study design and conductnone given§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 1The Fa'afaletui method is methodologically rigorous.
“and is methodologically rigorous.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).
Interpretationnone given§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 1Such an approach may be relevant for other Pacific Island cultures and other cultures, which have a strong emphasis on collectivity.
“Such an approach may be relevant for other Pacific Island cultures and other cultures, which have a strong emphasis on collectivity.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based). May combine two claims.
Study design and conductnone given§ Method · p. 2The fa'afaletui methodology avoided the danger of Western interpretation and meaning construction and enabled an authentic Samoan based approach.
“It avoided the danger of Western interpretation and meaning construction and enabled an authentic Samoan based approach.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Study design and conductreasoning§ Fa'afaletui method · p. 3The fa'afaletui process involved threading and rethreading information among relational houses until all agreed that the specific knowledge pieces were valid and authentically reflected the collective experience of the participants.
“The information was threaded and rethreaded among the relational houses until all were agreed that the specific knowledge pieces were valid and authentically reflected the collective experience of the participants.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductnone given§ Analysis · p. 3Audiotapes of the focus group sessions were transcribed and proofread to ensure accuracy.
“Audiotapes of the focus group sessions were transcribed and proofread to ensure accuracy.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductnone given§ Analysis · p. 3Specialized terms and vernacular usage were verified.
“Specialized terms and vernacular usage were verified.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductnone given§ Analysis · p. 3Copies of the primary Samoan report were given to authoritative participant members from each group to check for coherency, appropriate use of terms and concepts, and appropriate observance of written protocols and etiquette.
“Copies of this report were given to authoritative participant members from each of the groups to check for coherency, appropriate use of terms and concepts, and an appropriate observance of written protocols and etiquette.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim.
Premisecitation§ Data collection · p. 2Focus groups encourage the exploration of meaning.
“encourages the exploration of meaning”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [11]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).
Interpretationreasoning§ Method · p. 2Qualitative studies are particularly valuable in the mental health context when addressing the meaning people from different cultures create to describe their experience and understanding.
“This is particularly the case in the mental health context when addressing the meaning people from different cultures create to describe their experience and understanding.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Premisecitation§ Method · p. 2In recent years there has been an increasing recognition of the value of qualitative studies in healthcare research.
“In recent years there has been an increasing recognition of the value of qualitative studies in healthcare research [9].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [9]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).
Interpretationreasoning§ Ole Taeao Afua, the new morning: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services · p. 2Accounting for these factors is necessary to develop appropriate and effective research methods for the Samoan context.
“Accounting for these factors is necessary in order to develop appropriate and effective research methods for the Samoan context.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 7Other collective views of self have been described for a range of diverse non-Western cultures.
“Other collective views of self have been described for a range of diverse non-Western cultures [12-15].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 4 sources checked- cites [12]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites [13]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites [14]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites [15]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Classified as probably not a substantial claim.
Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 7It cannot be assumed that developmental theories, therapeutic interventions and mental health service practices that have evolved in cultures with individual concepts of self will necessarily be relevant for people from collective based cultures.
“These authors state that it cannot be assumed that developmental theories, therapeutic interventions and mental health service practices that have evolved in cultures with individual concepts of self, will necessarily be relevant for people from collective based cultures.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 4 sources checked- cites [12]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites [13]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites [14]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites [15]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
May combine two claims.
Study design and conductnone given§ Discussion · p. 7Samoan leadership of the project and focus group facilitation by Samoan researchers in the Samoan language were factors in the cultural acceptability and validity of the method.
“In addition, the Samoan leadership of the project, and focus group facilitation by Samoan researchers in the Samoan language were further factors in the cultural acceptability and validity of the method.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Study design and conductown data§ Discussion · p. 7During the research there was an extraordinarily high level of cooperation by participants, and the breadth and depth of knowledge shared suggested a high degree of acceptance of the research process.
“During this research there was an extraordinarily high level of cooperation by the participants, and the breadth and depth of knowledge that was shared, suggested a high degree of acceptance of the research process.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Interpretationreasoning§ Discussion · p. 7It is not possible to generalize these findings to other Pacific Island communities.
“In addition although similarities in cultural values have been described between different Pacific Island cultures, it is not possible to generalize these findings to other Pacific Island communities.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 7Differences in presenting symptoms of major mental disorders such as depression and schizophrenia across western and non-western cultures may be accounted for by fundamental differences between individual and collective concepts of self.
“Other authors have highlighted aspects of the phenomenology of major mental disorders such as depression and schizophrenia arguing that differences in presenting symptoms across western and non-western cultures may be accounted for by fundamental differences between individual and collective concepts of self [4-6].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 3 sources checked- cites [4] 4. Kleinman A. Anthropology and Psychiatry - the role of culture in cross-cultural research on illness. British Journal of Psychiatry 1987; 151:447-454.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites [5] 5. Marsella AJ. Culture Self and Mental Disorder. Chapter 9. In: Marsella AJ, DeVos G, Hsu FLK, eds. Culture and self: Asian and Western perspectives . New York: Tavistock, 1985.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites [6]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Interpretationreasoning§ Discussion · p. 7Some findings could be subject to regional differences, for example varying experiences of mental health services.
“and some findings could be subject to regional differences, for example varying experiences of mental health services.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).
Interpretationcitation§ Discussion · p. 8Understanding cultural identity in the Pacific Island context is the key to beginning to address the mental health needs of Pacific Island communities.
“In a similar way, understanding cultural identity in the Pacific Island context is the key to beginning to address the mental health needs of Pacific Island communities.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [19]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
May combine two claims.
Interpretationreasoning§ Discussion · p. 8The results of this study challenge a number of prevalent presuppositions about the nature of self in modern psychiatry and raise questions about the assumption that dominant western views of self are applicable across cultures.
“The results of this study challenge a number of prevalent presuppositions about the nature of self in modern psychiatry and raise questions about the assumption that such dominant western views of self are applicable across cultures.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 8Specialist Kaupapa Maori mental health services have been established in New Zealand, which have developed whanau centred practices to address collective values in Maori culture.
“In the New Zealand context, specialist Kaupapa Maori mental health services have been established, which have developed whanau (family) centred practices to address collective values in Maori culture [16].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [16]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).
Interpretationreasoning§ Discussion · p. 8In order for a mental health service to adequately address relational, spiritual and holistic aspects of the Samoan self, they would need to transform current approaches to mental healthcare.
“In order for a mental health service to adequately address relational, spiritual and holistic aspects of the Samoan self, they would need to transform current approaches to mental healthcare.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
The paper relies on this without support.
Research focusing on the mental health of Pacific people has been limited.
“To date, research focusing on the mental health of this population has been limited.”
The paper relies on this without support.
No previous systematic and rigorous research has established what would constitute acceptable mental health services for Samoan or other Pacific Island people.
“there has been no previous systematic and rigorous research to establish what would constitute acceptable mental health services for Samoan or other Pacific Island people.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Cultural information of this type seldom features in formal mental health literature.
“Cultural information of this type seldom features in formal mental health literature.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Tumua ma Pule is the traditional oratorial body that is representative of all villages in Samoa.
“Tumua ma Pule , the traditional oratorial body that is representative of all villages in Samoa, selected participants from as many villages of origin as possible”
The paper relies on this without support.
In the Samoan context, issues of health and wellbeing without regard for a Samoan view of the self have little meaning.
“in the Samoan context, issues of health and wellbeing without regard for a Samoan view of the self, have little meaning.”
The paper relies on this without support.
In order to discuss what might constitute a mentally well self, participants would need to address the more fundamental issue of a Samoan perspective on the self.
“In order to discuss what might constitute a mentally well self, participants would need to address the more fundamental issue of a Samoan perspective on the self.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Few if any studies have attempted to systematically investigate the views of members of cultures indigenous to the South Pacific region.
“Despite recent acknowledgement of the specific mental health issues facing people from cultures indigenous to the South Pacific region, few if any studies have attempted to systematically investigate the views of members of these cultures.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Western notions of the self are primarily individuated rather than relational, and secular/scientific rather than spiritual.
“In particular the Western notions of the self as being primarily individuated rather than relational, and secular/scientific rather than spiritual, differ substantially from those identified by participants in this study.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Samoan families as a whole tend to occupy a lower socio-economic status than the majority of New Zealanders.
“Samoan families as a whole tend to occupy a lower socio-economic status than the majority of New Zealanders”
The paper relies on this without support.
There is little epidemiological data available regarding the mental health status of Pacific Island people either in New Zealand or in their countries of origin.
“There is little epidemiological data available regarding the mental health status of Pacific Island people either in New Zealand or in their countries of origin.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Talanoa is widely adopted across Oceania as a Pacific-Indigenous research method, and fa'afaletui is increasingly engaged as a method utilised in research with transnational Samoan communities.
“Talanoa is widely adopted across Oceania as a Pacific-Indigenous research method, and fa ' afaletui is increasingly engaged as a method utilised in research with transnational Samoan communities.”
From Decolonising Qualitative Analysis: Collectively Weaving Understanding Using Talanoa and Fa'afaletui Pacific-Indigenous Research Methods (2024) · cites this paper as Tamasese et al., 2005
The Fa'afaletui method section (p. 3) describes fa'afaletui as a Samoan method for gathering and validating knowledge, and the Discussion (p. 7) says this study developed and used it with Samoan participants. The paper does not address talanoa's adoption across Oceania or establish that use of fa'afaletui in research with transnational Samoan communities is increasing. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredTamasese et al. (2005) were the first to publish about fa'afaletui as a research methodology.
“Tamasese et al. (2005), the first to publish about fa ' afaletui as a research methodology, utilised fa ' afaletui in a study of Samoan perspectives of mental health.”
From Decolonising Qualitative Analysis: Collectively Weaving Understanding Using Talanoa and Fa'afaletui Pacific-Indigenous Research Methods (2024) · cites this paper as Tamasese et al., 2005
The Method section (p. 2) says the paper sets out the fa'afaletui methodology, and the Discussion (p. 7) describes it as an innovative research method developed for this study. The paper does not establish that Tamasese et al. were the first to publish about it as a research methodology. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredFa'afaletui was used to engage groups of elder men, elder women, young men and younger women as separate groups first, then share perspectives to arrive at a shared perspective.
“In their process, fa ' afaletui was used to engage groups of elder men, elder women, young men and younger women as separate groups first. Following dialogue within these groups, the groups shared their perspectives and insights with each other.”
From Decolonising Qualitative Analysis: Collectively Weaving Understanding Using Talanoa and Fa'afaletui Pacific-Indigenous Research Methods (2024) · cites this paper as Tamasese et al., 2005
The Fa'afaletui method section (p. 3) says the groups met separately, then sent delegations to share knowledge and build a new consensus. It identifies elder men's and elder women's groups, but the other two were men's and women's mental-health service-provider groups, not groups defined as young men and younger women. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredTamasese et al. elaborate faafaletui is a methodology of weaving together knowledge from within the houses of relational arrangements, weaving together all different levels of knowledge frames from within the houses of collective representation to enhance and add to the Samoan world view.
“They elaborate that the faafaletui is 'a methodology of weaving together knowledge from within the houses of relational arrangements', that is, 'weaving (tui) together all the different levels of knowledge frames from within the”
From Decolonising <scp>P</scp> acific research, building <scp>P</scp> acific research communities and developing <scp>P</scp> acific research tools: The case of the talanoa and the faafaletui in <scp>S</scp> amoa (2014) · cites this paper as Tamasese et al., 2005
Split into 2 atoms — 1 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe faafaletui research methodology was introduced to academic researchers by the Pacific research team of the Wellington Family Centre in New Zealand, led by Samoan family therapist and researcher Taimalieutu Kiwi Tamasese.
“The faafaletui research methodology, on the other hand, was introduced as already mentioned to academic researchers by the Pacific research team of the Wellington Family Centre in New Zealand, led by Samoan family therapist and researcher Taimalieutu Kiwi Tamasese (Tamasese et al., 1997(Tamasese et al., , 2005)).”
From Decolonising <scp>P</scp> acific research, building <scp>P</scp> acific research communities and developing <scp>P</scp> acific research tools: The case of the talanoa and the faafaletui in <scp>S</scp> amoa (2014) · cites this paper as Tamasese et al., 2005
The Discussion (p. 7) says the study developed Fa'afaletui as an innovative research method, and the author affiliations (p. 1) link Kiwi Tamasese to the Family Centre’s Pacific Island Section in New Zealand. The paper does not say that Tamasese led the team, identify Tamasese as a family therapist, or establish that this team introduced the method to academic researchers. The Fa'afaletui method section (p. 3) says elder focus-group participants brought the underlying Samoan concept to the researchers’ notice. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The faafaletui concept was developed into a formal research methodology by Taimalieutu and her team and published, taking on a meaning beyond its usual or traditional confines.
“Similarly, while the concept faafaletui has been around in Samoan discourse for some time, it was not until Taimalieutu and her team developed it into a formal research methodology and published it in various places (most notably in the Australian New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry) that it took on a meaning that went beyond its usual or traditional confines”
From Decolonising <scp>P</scp> acific research, building <scp>P</scp> acific research communities and developing <scp>P</scp> acific research tools: The case of the talanoa and the faafaletui in <scp>S</scp> amoa (2014) · cites this paper as Tamasese et al., 2005
The Discussion (p. 7) says the study developed Fa'afaletui into an innovative research method combining qualitative research principles with Samoan cultural processes. The Fa'afaletui method section (p. 3) identifies it as an existing Samoan concept. The paper does not identify Taimalieutu, establish publication in various places, or say that publication gave the concept a meaning beyond its traditional confines. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn saying to themselves that sessions were 'talanoa' or 'faafaletui', students and teachers seemed better able to keep in mind the Pacific values explained by Vaioleti and Tamasese et al. as central to them, such as Polynesian/Samoan codes of respect, turn sharing when speaking, and symbolic gestures of reciprocity and gratitude.
“That is, in actually saying to ourselves that they were 'talanoa' or 'faafaletui' sessions, we seemed to be able to better keep on top of our minds the Pacific values explained by Vaioleti (2006) and Tamasese et al. (2005) to be central to them; we thought of our Polynesian/Samoan codes of respect, the need for turn sharing when speaking, the need for symbolic gestures of reciprocity and gratitude”
From Decolonising <scp>P</scp> acific research, building <scp>P</scp> acific research communities and developing <scp>P</scp> acific research tools: The case of the talanoa and the faafaletui in <scp>S</scp> amoa (2014) · cites this paper as Tamasese et al., 2005
Split into 2 atoms — 0 confirmed, 2 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredTamasese et al. note faafaletui is a Samoan concept brought to their notice by Samoan participants to explain the process in which they viewed themselves to be a part.
“They note that it is a Samoan concept that was brought to their notice by Samoan participants in their research 'to explain the process in which they viewed themselves to be a part' (Tamasese et al., 2005).”
From Decolonising <scp>P</scp> acific research, building <scp>P</scp> acific research communities and developing <scp>P</scp> acific research tools: The case of the talanoa and the faafaletui in <scp>S</scp> amoa (2014) · cites this paper as Tamasese et al., 2005
Tamasese et al. describe faafaletui as a method that facilitates the gathering and validation of important knowledge within the culture.
“Faafaletui is described by Tamasese et al. (2005) as 'a method which facilitates the gathering and validation of important knowledge within the culture' (p.302).”
From Decolonising <scp>P</scp> acific research, building <scp>P</scp> acific research communities and developing <scp>P</scp> acific research tools: The case of the talanoa and the faafaletui in <scp>S</scp> amoa (2014) · cites this paper as Tamasese et al., 2005
Cites
Handbook of Qualitative Research
Crozier, G., Denzin, N., & Lincoln, Y. (1994) · British Journal of Educational Studies · doi:10.2307/3121684 · Cited by 26,636 · see citing works
Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research
McQuarrie, E. F., & Krueger, R. A. (1989) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3172912 · Cited by 15,489 · see citing works
Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research
Billson, J. M. (1989) · Human Biology · Cited by 8,560 · see citing works
Handbook of qualitative research
(2000) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.38-0057 · Cited by 7,081 · see citing works
Paradigmatic Controversies, Contradictions, and Emerging Confluences.
Guba, E. G., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2005) · Cited by 6,640 · see citing works
Understanding and Evaluating Qualitative Research
Fossey, E., Harvey, C., Mcdermott, F., & Davidson, L. (2002) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1046/j.1440-1614.2002.01100.x · Cited by 2,311 · see citing works
Kleinman, A. (1987) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.151.4.447 · Cited by 725 · see citing works
Culture and Self: Asian and Western Perspectives
Biocic, I., Marsella, A. J., DeVos, G. A., & Hsü, F. L. K. (1986) · Anthropological Quarterly · doi:10.2307/3317204 · Cited by 611 · see citing works
Brink, L. (1916) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-191612000-00023 · Cited by 361 · see citing works
Culture and Self: Asian and Western Perspectives.
Miyamoto, S. F., Marsella, A. J., DeVos, G. A., & Hsü, F. L. K. (1986) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2069283 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Mental Health and Maori Development
Durie, M. H. (1999) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1046/j.1440-1614.1999.00526.x · Cited by 71 · see citing works
The Self and Schizophrenia: A Cultural Perspective
Fábrega, H. (1989) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/15.2.277 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Dien, D. S.-F. (1983) · Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/00332747.1983.11024200 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Psychoanalysis in civilizational perspective: the self in India, Japan, and America.
Roland, A. (1984) · PubMed · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Identity, Conflict and the Search for Nationhood
Dime, M. H. (1996) · Australasian Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/10398569609080487 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 16 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 9
- Tamasese K, 1997, Ole Taeao Afua: a qualitative investigation into Samoan perspectives on mental health and culturally appropriate services
- Ministry of Health, 1997, Making a Pacific difference: strategic initiatives for the health of Pacific people in New Zealand
- Bathgate M, 1997, Mental health in New Zealand from a public health perspective
- Crawley L, 1995, Strategic directions for the mental health services for Pacific island people
- Mason K, 1996, Inquiry under section 47 of the health and disability services act 1993 in respect of certain mental health services
- Roland A, 1984, Psychoanalytic Review, 71, 569
- Hsu F LK, 1985, Culture and self: Asian and Western perspectives
- Durie M H, 1994, Whaiora: maori health development
- Tupuola A M, 1999, A user's guide to lifespan development in Aotearoa
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Gender Minority Stress: A Critical Review
Tan, K. K. H., Treharne, G. J., Ellis, S. J., Schmidt, J. M., & Veale, J. F. (2019) · Journal of Homosexuality · doi:10.1080/00918369.2019.1591789 · Cited by 400 · see citing works
Seeking affective health care: Korean immigrants’ use of homeland medical services
Lee, J. Y., KEARNS, R. A., & Friesen, W. (2009) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2009.09.003 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Talanoaas empathic apprenticeship
Farrelly, T. A., & Nabobo‐Baba, U. (2014) · Asia Pacific Viewpoint · doi:10.1111/apv.12060 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Beyond "Migration": Samoan Population Movement (Malaga) and the Geography of Social Space (Vā)
Lilomaiava-Doktor, S. (2009) · The Contemporary Pacific/The contemporary Pacific (Online) · doi:10.1353/cp.0.0035 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Suaalii‐Sauni, T., & Fulu‐Aiolupotea, S. M. (2014) · Asia Pacific Viewpoint · doi:10.1111/apv.12061 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Fleming, T. M., Merry, S., Stasiak, K., Hopkins, S. A., Patolo, T., Ruru, S., Latu, M., Shepherd, M., Christie, G., & Goodyear‐Smith, F. (2019) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/12656 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Research for better Pacific schooling in New Zealand: Teu le va - a Samoan perspective
Anae, M. (2010) · ResearchSpace (University of Auckland) · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Relationships between health and culture in Polynesia – A review
Capstick, S., Norris, P., Sopoaga, F., et al. (2009) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.01.002 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Indigenous Positioning in Health Research: The importance of Kaupapa Māori theory-informed practice
Curtis, E. (2016) · AlterNative An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples · doi:10.20507/alternative.2016.12.4.5 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Manuela, S., & Sibley, C. G. (2012) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-012-0041-9 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Suaalii‐Sauni, T., Wheeler, A., Saafi, E., Robinson, G., Agnew, F., Warren, H., Erick, M., & Hingano, T. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Cultural, Gender, and Socioeconomic Contexts in Therapeutic and Social Policy Work
Waldegrave, C. (2009) · Family Process · doi:10.1111/j.1545-5300.2009.01269.x · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Self-citationGibson, K., Haslam, N., & Kaplan, I. (2019) · Transcultural Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/1363461519847057 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Tuagalu, I. (2008) · AlterNative An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples · doi:10.1177/117718010800400110 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Young Pacific Male Rugby Players’ Perceptions and Experiences of Mental Wellbeing
Marsters, C. P. E., & Tiatia‐Seath, J. (2019) · Sports · doi:10.3390/sports7040083 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Mannell, J., Amaama, S. A., Boodoosingh, R., Brown, L., Calderon, M., Cowley-Malcolm, E. T., Lowe, H., Motta, A., Shannon, G., Tanielu, H., et al. (2021) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-021-11172-2 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Masi methodology: centring Pacific women’s voices in research
Naepi, S. (2019) · AlterNative An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples · doi:10.1177/1177180119876729 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Talanoa: A contemporary qualitative methodology for sport management
Stewart‐Withers, R., Sewabu, K., & Richardson, S. (2017) · Sport Management Review · doi:10.1016/j.smr.2016.11.001 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Fa’afaletui: A Pacific Research Framework
Goodyear‐Smith, F., & Ofanoa, M. (2021) · Journal of Mixed Methods Research · doi:10.1177/1558689820985948 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Asquith, N. L. (2017) · Figshare · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Frey, R. A., Raphael, D. L., Bellamy, G., & Gott, M. (2013) · Health & Social Care in the Community · doi:10.1111/hsc.12081 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Posselt, M., Procter, N. G., Galletly, C. A., & de Crespigny, C. (2015) · Australian Psychologist · doi:10.1111/ap.12096 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
The Pacific Identity and Wellbeing Scale-Revised (PIWBS-R).
Manuela, S., & Sibley, C. G. (2014) · Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0037536 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Network Composition and Health Behaviors Among Older Samoan Women
Levy‐Storms, L., & Lubben, J. E. (2006) · Journal of Aging and Health · doi:10.1177/0898264306293263 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Cultural equity: Bridging the complexity of social identities with therapeutic practices
Almeida, R. V., Hernández‐Wolfe, P., & Tubbs, C. Y. (2011) · International Journal of Narrative Therapy and Community Work · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Spirituality: The Essence of Wellness Among Tongan and Samoan Elders
Ihara, E. S., & Vakalahi, H. F. O. (2011) · Journal of Religion & Spirituality in Social Work Social Thought · doi:10.1080/15426432.2011.619916 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
An Exploratory Study of the Impacts of Gambling on Affected Others Accessing a Social Service
Landon, J., Grayson, E., & Roberts, A. (2018) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-017-9785-4 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
How the Tivaevae Model can be Used as an Indigenous Methodology in Cook Islands Education Settings
Ava, A. T., & Page, A. (2018) · The Australian Journal of Indigenous Education · doi:10.1017/jie.2018.9 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Manuela, S., & Sibley, C. G. (2012) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-012-0220-8 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
The Pacific Research Paradigm: Opportunities and challenges
Tualaulelei, E., & McFall-McCaffery, J. (2019) · MAI Journal A New Zealand Journal of Indigenous Scholarship · doi:10.20507/maijournal.2019.8.2.7 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Our family comes first: migrants' perspectives on remittances in disaster
Dé, L. L., Gaillard, J., Friesen, W., et al. (2015) · Migration and Development · doi:10.1080/21632324.2015.1017971 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Kupa, K. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Understanding Pacific worldviews: principles and connections for research
Teariki, M. A., & Leau, E. (2023) · Kōtuitui New Zealand Journal of Social Sciences Online · doi:10.1080/1177083x.2023.2292268 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Wellbeing economics in public policy: A distinctive Australasian contribution?
Dalziel, P. C. (2019) · The Economic and Labour Relations Review · doi:10.1177/1035304619879808 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Sandén, U., Nilsson, F., Thulesius, H. O., Hägglund, M., & Harrysson, L. (2019) · International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1080/17482631.2019.1622354 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Elstad, E. A., Tusiofo, C., Rosen, R. K., et al. (2008) · PubMed · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Pacific Research Protocols from the University of Otago
Bennett, J., Brunton, M., Bryant-Tokalau, J., et al. (2013) · The Contemporary Pacific/The contemporary Pacific (Online) · doi:10.1353/cp.2013.0013 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Ethnic differences of medicines-taking in older adults: a cross cultural study in New Zealand
Bassett-Clarke, D., Krass, I., & Bajorek, B. V. (2011) · International Journal of Pharmacy Practice · doi:10.1111/j.2042-7174.2011.00169.x · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Samoan and Psychiatrists' Perspectives on the Self: Qualitative Comparison
Bush, A., Collings, S. C., Tamasese, K., et al. (2005) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/j.1440-1614.2005.01635.x · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationThomsen, P. (2019) · Journal of Homosexuality · doi:10.1080/00918369.2019.1695423 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Yates, O. E. T., Manuela, S., Neef, A., & Groot, S. (2021) · Climate and Development · doi:10.1080/17565529.2021.1911775 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Pacific peoples, mental health service engagement and suicide prevention in Aotearoa New Zealand
Tiatia‐Seath, J. (2014) · Ethnicity and Inequalities in Health and Social Care · doi:10.1108/eihsc-10-2013-0023 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Exploring the Hierarchical Structure of Pacific Identity and Wellbeing
Manuela, S., & Sibley, C. G. (2013) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-013-0472-y · Cited by 24 · see citing works
The fa’asamoa, person-centered theory and cross-cultural practice
Ioane, J., & Tudor, K. (2017) · Person-Centered & Experiential Psychotherapies · doi:10.1080/14779757.2017.1361467 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Kane, D. K., Allen, G. E. K., Ming, M. S., Smith, T. B., Jackson, A. P., Griner, D., Cutrer‐Párraga, E. A., & Richards, P. S. (2021) · Mental Health Religion & Culture · doi:10.1080/13674676.2021.1875205 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Fa’alogo-Lilo, C., & Cartwright, C. (2021) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/00220221211039885 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Taumoepeau, M. (2015) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022115604393 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Kalavite, T. (2010) · Research Commons (University of Waikato) · Cited by 24 · see citing works
<i>Fa’afaletui</i> : A Framework for the Promotion of Renal Health in an Australian Samoan Community
McCarthy, A., Shaban, R., & Stone, C. (2011) · Journal of Transcultural Nursing · doi:10.1177/1043659610387154 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
UNDERSTANDING PASIFIKA MENTAL HEALTH IN NEW ZEALAND: A review of the literature
Kapeli, S. A., Manuela, S., & Sibley, C. G. (2020) · MAI Journal A New Zealand Journal of Indigenous Scholarship · doi:10.20507/maijournal.2020.9.3.7 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Bush, A., Chapman, F., Drummond, M., & Fagaloa, T. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationVeivosaki-yaga: a culturally appropriate Indigenous research method in Fiji
Tagicakiverata, I. W., & Nilan, P. (2018) · International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education · doi:10.1080/09518398.2017.1422293 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Suicide prevention and social capital: A Samoan perspective
Stewart-Withers, R. R., & O’Brien, A. P. (2006) · Health Sociology Review · doi:10.5172/hesr.2006.15.2.209 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Towards Promoting Youth Mental Health in Aotearoa/New Zealand: Holistic ‘Houses’ of Health
Anae, M., Barnes, H. M., McCreanor, T., & Watson, P. (2002) · International Journal of Mental Health Promotion · doi:10.1080/14623730.2002.9721855 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Ijaz, N., Hunter, J., Grant, S., & Templeman, K. (2024) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2024.1409392 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Quality teachers for indigenous students: an imperative for the twenty-first century
Thaman, K. H. (2013) · The International Education Journal: Comparative Perspectives · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Rucklidge, J. J., & Blampied, N. M. (2011) · New Zealand journal of psychology · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Critiquing Pasifika Education at University
Suaalii‐Sauni, T. (2008) · AlterNative An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples · doi:10.1177/117718010800400104 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Counselling Psychology from a Samoan Perspective
Seiuli, B. M. S. (2013) · Research Commons (University of Waikato) · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Patient and health care provider views of depressive symptoms and diabetes in American Samoa.
Held, R. F., DePue, J. D., Rosen, R. K., Bereolos, N., Nu’usolia, O., Tuitele, J., Goldstein, M. G., House, M. E., & McGarvey, S. T. (2010) · Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0020089 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Pacific epistemologies in professional social work practice, policy and research
Ravulo, J. J. (2016) · Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development · doi:10.1080/02185385.2016.1234970 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
‘You can't really define it can you?’ Rangatahi perspectives on hauora and wellbeing
Carlson, T. A. L., Calder‐Dawe, O., & Jensen-Lesatele, V. (2022) · Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand · doi:10.1080/03036758.2022.2074060 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Kiyimba, N., & Anderson, R. (2022) · Mental Health Religion & Culture · doi:10.1080/13674676.2022.2028750 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Unsettling colonial mentalities in family therapy: Entering negotiated spaces
Jordan, L. S. (2021) · Journal of Family Therapy · doi:10.1111/1467-6427.12374 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Heard, E. M. (2022) · Qualitative Research · doi:10.1177/14687941211072797 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
RESILIENCE AND RECOVERY IN AMERICAN SĀMOA: A CASE STUDY OF THE 2009 SOUTH PACIFIC TSUNAMI
Binder, S. B., Baker, C. K., Mayer, J. D., & O’Donnell, C. R. (2014) · Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1002/jcop.21654 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Patient experience of a psychiatric Mother Baby Unit
Wright, T., Jowsey, T., Stanton, J., Elder, H., Stevens, S. E., & Wouldes, T. A. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0198241 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The I and the We: Individuality, Collectivity, and Samoan Artistic Responses to Cultural Change
Henderson, A. K. (2016) · The Contemporary Pacific/The contemporary Pacific (Online) · doi:10.1353/cp.2016.0027 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Richardson, C. (2012) · Journal of Systemic Therapies · doi:10.1521/jsyt.2012.31.3.68 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
The experiences of second generation Samoans in Australia
Stanley, G., & Kearney, J. (2017) · Journal of Social Inclusion · doi:10.36251/josi.124 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Decolonizing Samoan fa’afaletui methodology: taking a closer look
Tuia, T. T., & Cobb, D. J. (2021) · AlterNative An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples · doi:10.1177/11771801211016854 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Aua'i I le Galuega: A Pasifika Research Design Ensuring Ownership and Autonomy
Nakhid, C., Fa'alogo, J. P., Faiva, M., et al. (2007) · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Heard, E. M., Fitzgerald, L., Va’ai, S., et al. (2019) · Sex Education · doi:10.1080/14681811.2019.1597697 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Yamada, A., Vaivao, D. E. S., & Subica, A. M. (2019) · Asian American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1037/aap0000140 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Crossing the Road From Home to Secondary School: A Conversation With Samoan Parents
Cahill, F. (2016) · Waikato journal of education · doi:10.15663/wje.v12i1.299 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Hutchings, J., Grey, C., Brewer, K., & Aspden, T. (2023) · Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy · doi:10.1016/j.sapharm.2023.05.014 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Ofanoa, M., Ofanoa, S., Heather, M., Tu’akoi, S., Lutui, H., Dalbeth, N., Grey, C., van der Werf, B., & Goodyear‐Smith, F. (2021) · International Journal for Equity in Health · doi:10.1186/s12939-021-01601-4 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Developing a culturally appropriate mental health care service for S amoa
Enoka, M. I. S., Tenari, A., Sili, T., et al. (2012) · Asia-Pacific Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1758-5872.2012.00201.x · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Bush, A., & NiaNia, W. (2012) · Australasian Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/1039856212456090 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationBrown, T., Devine, N., Leslie, E., et al. (2007) · Pedagogy Culture and Society · doi:10.1080/14681360601162345 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Fenner, P., Ryan, B., Latai, L., & Percival, S. L. (2017) · Arts & Health · doi:10.1080/17533015.2017.1334677 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
When you ask the fish: Child wellbeing through the eyes of Samoan children
Dunlop-Bennett, E., Bryant-Tokalau, J., & Dowell, A. C. (2019) · International Journal of Wellbeing · doi:10.5502/ijw.v9i4.1005 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Young Pacific Male Athletes’ Experiences of Mental Wellbeing in Elite Rugby Union and Rugby League
Marsters, C. P. E., & Tiatia‐Seath, J. (2019) · ANU Press eBooks · doi:10.22459/py.2019.11 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Mental health well-being amongst fathers within the Pacific Island Families Study.
Tautolo, E., Schlüter, P. J., & Sundborn, G. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 12 · see citing works
THE NEEDS OF PACIFIC WOMEN WHEN THEY ARE VICTIMS OF FAMILY VIOLENCE
apos, A. H., apos, A., Koloto, I., & Sharma, S. (2005) · Social policy journal of New Zealand · Cited by 12 · see citing works
The Impact of Gambling on Some Samoan Peoples Lives In Auckland
Perese, L., & Faleafa, M. (2000) · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Mulipola, T. I., Holroyd, E. A., & Vaka, S. (2022) · International Journal of Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/inm.13090 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Social work as a recognised profession in the Pacific region
Ravulo, J. J. (2017) · International Social Work · doi:10.1177/0020872817747027 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Tu’akoi, S., Ofanoa, M., Ofanoa, S., et al. (2022) · International Journal for Equity in Health · doi:10.1186/s12939-022-01701-9 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Reflections of a practitioner: purely a journey of the heart.
Alefaio, S. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Mafile’o, T., Vaka, S., Leau, K., Satele, P., & Alefaio-Tugia, S. (2024) · International Journal of Qualitative Methods · doi:10.1177/16094069241272241 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Tamasese et al. (2005), the fi rst to publish about fa ’ afaletui as a research methodology, utilised fa ’ afaletui in a study of Samoan perspectives of mental health.”
Poto He Anga: Collaboration and Consultation in Pasifika Research
Fletcher, J. F., Parkhill, F., Fa’afoi, A., et al. (2006) · Qualitative Research Journal · doi:10.1108/14439883200600003 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Assessment of a Samoan–English speaker with bilingual aphasia: “it’s hard”
Jodache, S., Howe, T., & Siyambalapitiya, S. (2015) · Aphasiology · doi:10.1080/02687038.2014.1003363 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
A Samoan perspective on infant mental health.
Masoe, P., & Bush, A. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationPacific Island Women and Contested Sporting Spaces
Kanemasu, Y. (2023) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003146513 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Auva’a-Alatimu, T., Alefaio‐Tugia, S., & Ioane, J. (2024) · International Journal of Mental Health Systems · doi:10.1186/s13033-024-00633-x · Cited by 9 · see citing works
TRANSNATIONAL INTEREST CONVERGENCE AND GLOBAL KOREA AT THE EDGE OF RACE AND QUEER EXPERIENCES
Thomsen, P. (2020) · Du Bois Review Social Science Research on Race · doi:10.1017/s1742058x20000247 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Kupa′a I ke kahua o Hawaii: Stand Firmly Behind the Foundations of Hawaii
Crabbe, K. M. (2007) · Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology · doi:10.1375/prp.1.2.25 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Waldegrave, C., King, P., Maniapoto, M., et al. (2016) · Family Process · doi:10.1111/famp.12219 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Tamasese, K., Peteru, C., Waldegrave, C., & Bush, A.
- Affiliations
- The Family Centre (NZ)
- Ministry of Health (NZ)
- Health Pasifika, Capital Coast Pacific Health Board, Porirua, New Zealand
- Corresponding author
- Tamasese, Kiwi
- Venue
- Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2005-04
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 300-309
- ISSN
- 0004-8674 (ISSN-L)
- 1440-1614
- OpenAlex
- W2099675095
- Semantic Scholar
- 332d9b0d5acc528e4136013b43c097d591718370
- Cited by
- 282
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 6.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Cultural Competency in Health Care
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- culturally appropriate mental health services, relational self, mental wellness, community values, cultural stressors
- MeSH terms
- Mental Disorders, Culture, Humans, Mental Health Services, Pacific Islands, Samoa, Spiritual Therapies, Spirituality
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Claims read by deepseek-v4.1-flash under definition version 3 (extract-v3) on 2026-10-20.
Classified by jev-1.13-20260917 (gold-guideline-v0.2) on 2026-10-20.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
