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Morningness-Eveningness and Lifestyle Regularity
Abstract
The relation between morningness (M) - eveningness (E) and lifestyle regularity was studied in a convenience sample of 100 healthy subjects aged between 20 and 59 yrs (47 males and 53 females; mean age 33.6 yrs). Morningness-eveningness was measured by a single administration of the 13-item Composite Scale for Morningness (CSM). Lifestyle regularity was measured by requiring subjects to complete a five-item Social Rhythm Metric diary (SRM-5) each evening for two weeks. Each week of SRM-5 was analyzed separately and the two SRM scores averaged to yield the lifestyle regularity measure for the subject. Subjects were categorized by morningness into top and bottom quartiles of CSM score (denoted M-types and E-types, respectively), with the remaining 50% of subjects denoted as intermediate (I-types). Mean SRM scores significantly differed between the three morningness groups (p <0.001) in the order E-types (SRM = 3.6), then I-types (SRM=4.0), then M-types (SRM=4.9), with higher scores indicating greater daily lifestyle regularity. The effect size of the E-type versus M-type difference was approximately 1.3. The relationship between the CSM and SRM scores was also confirmed using a correlational analysis (rho = 0.428; p < 0.001). This correlational finding was substantially weaker when age was partialed out (r=0.186; p=0.065), although there was still a trend toward a significan relationship. Thus it appears that morning types appear to be more regular in their daily lifestyle than are evening types, suggesting a relationship between these two aspects of human circadian behavior.
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“Besides dietary intake, studies suggest that individuals with a morning chronotype exhibit more regular eating behavior than individuals with an evening chronotype (83, 85).”
From Chronotype: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies on Chrono-Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health (2019) · cites this paper as [85]
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Monk, T. H., Buysse, D. J., Potts, J. M., DeGrazia, J. M., & Kupfer, D. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Monk, Timothy H.
- Venue
- Chronobiology International
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2004-01
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 435-443
- ISSN
- 0742-0528 (ISSN-L)
- 1525-6073
- OpenAlex
- W2132576502
- Cited by
- 148
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 5.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Chronobiology International (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01ag015138-03, 5r01ag015136-04)
- National Institute on Aging (AG15136, AG 00972, R01AG013396, AG13396, AG-15138)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH30915)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR000056, RR 00056)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- chronotype, circadian rhythm, age effects
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Behavior, Circadian Rhythm, Female, Humans, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires
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