The DOI matches its Crossref record; 52 of the 54 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
B lymphocytes secrete antigen-presenting vesicles.
Open accessAbstract
Antigen-presenting cells contain a specialized late endocytic compartment, MIIC (major histocompatibility complex [MHC] class II-enriched compartment), that harbors newly synthesized MHC class II molecules in transit to the plasma membrane. MIICs have a limiting membrane enclosing characteristic internal membrane vesicles. Both the limiting membrane and the internal vesicles contain MHC class II. In this study on B lymphoblastoid cells, we demonstrate by immunoelectron microscopy that the limiting membrane of MIICs can fuse directly with the plasma membrane, resulting in release from the cells of internal MHC class II-containing vesicles. These secreted vesicles, named exosomes, were isolated from the cell culture media by differential centrifugation followed by flotation on sucrose density gradients. The overall surface protein composition of exosomes differed significantly from that of the plasma membrane. Exosome-bound MHC class II was in a compact, peptide-bound conformation. Metabolically labeled MHC class II was released into the extracellular medium with relatively slow kinetics, 10 +/- 4% in 24 h, indicating that direct fusion of MIICs with the plasma membrane is not the major pathway by which MHC class II reaches the plasma membrane. Exosomes derived from both human and murine B lymphocytes induced antigen-specific MHC class II-restricted T cell responses. These data suggest a role for exosomes in antigen presentation in vivo.
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“These vesicles are secreted by both normal cells and cancerous cells as means of cell-to-cell communication [2-5].”
From Biogenesis of extracellular vesicles (EV): exosomes, microvesicles, retrovirus-like vesicles, and apoptotic bodies (2013) · cites this paper as [2]
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Self-citationAssembly, Transport, and Function of MHC Class II Molecules
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Cytotoxic T lymphocyte granules are secretory lysosomes, containing both perforin and granzymes.
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Self-citationHLA-DM induces clip dissociation from MHC class II αβ dimers and facilitates peptide loading
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Self-citationRole Of Lymphocyte Adhesion Receptors In Transient Interactions And Cell Locomotion
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Valadi, H., Ekström, K., Bossios, A., Sjöstrand, M., Lee, J. J., & Lötvall, J. O. (2007) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb1596 · Cited by 12,834
The biology , function , and biomedical applications of exosomes
Kalluri, R., & LeBleu, V. S. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aau6977 · Cited by 10,770
Shedding light on the cell biology of extracellular vesicles
van Niel, G., D'Angelo, G., & Raposo, G. (2018) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.125 · Cited by 8,369
Self-citationExtracellular vesicles: Exosomes, microvesicles, and friends
Raposo, G., & Stoorvogel, W. (2013) · Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.201211138 · Cited by 8,099
Self-citationBiogenesis, Secretion, and Intercellular Interactions of Exosomes and Other Extracellular Vesicles
Colombo, M., Raposo, G., & Théry, C. (2014) · Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101512-122326 · Cited by 6,186
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Metadata
- Authors
- Raposo, G., Nijman, H. W., Stoorvogel, W., Liejendekker, R., Harding, C. V., Melief, C. J., & Geuze, H. J.
- Affiliations
- Utrecht University (NL)
- Venue
- The Journal of experimental medicine
- Publisher
- Rockefeller University Press
- Published
- 1996-03-01
- Volume
- 183
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1161-1172
- ISSN
- 0022-1007 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-9538
- PMC
- PMC2192324
- OpenAlex
- W2155366992
- Cited by
- 3,546
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 103 · 2025: 189 · 2024: 247 · 2023: 242 · 2022: 242 · 2021: 274 · 2020: 280 · 2019: 210 · 2018: 214 · 2017: 206 · 2016: 177 · 2015: 159 · 2014: 144 · 2013: 107 · 2012: 99
- FWCI
- 9.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of Experimental Medicine (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Universiteit Utrecht
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI 35726, R01AI035726)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Keywords
- exosomes, MHC class II, B cells, vesicle secretion, membrane fusion, antigen presentation, T cell response
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antigen-Presenting Cells, Histocompatibility Antigens Class II, B-Lymphocytes, Bacterial Proteins, Biotin, Cell Fractionation, Cell Line, Cell Line, Transformed, Cell Membrane, Cytoplasmic Granules, Endocytosis, Herpesvirus 4, Human, Exocytosis, HLA-DR Antigens, Humans, Lymphocyte Activation, Membrane Fusion, Protein Conformation, Chaperonins, Chaperonin 60, Mice
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