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Experimental Tests of the Endowment Effect and the Coase Theorem
Abstract
Contrary to theoretical expectations, measures of willingness to accept greatly exceed measures of willingness to pay. This paper reports several experiments that demonstrate that this "endowment effect" persists even in market settings with opportunities to learn. Consumption objects (e.g., coffee mugs) are randomly given to half the subjects in an experiment. Markets for the mugs are then conducted. The Coase theorem predicts that about half the mugs will trade, but observed volume is always significantly less. When markets for "induced-value" tokens are conducted, the predicted volume is observed, suggesting that transactions costs cannot explain the undertrading for consumption goods.
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“Laboratory studies have since demonstrated that humans can show loss aversion for objects such as mugs (22), money (23), and simulated investments (24, 25).”
From Thinking like a trader selectively reduces individuals' loss aversion (2009) · cites this paper as [22]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kahneman, D., Knetsch, J. L., & Thaler, R. H.
- ORCID
- Thaler, Richard H.
- Venue
- Journal of Political Economy
- Publisher
- University of Chicago Press
- Published
- 1990-12
- Volume
- 98
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1325-1348
- ISSN
- 0022-3808 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-534X
- OpenAlex
- W4251252946
- Cited by
- 3,194
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 93 · 2025: 127 · 2024: 124 · 2023: 150 · 2022: 168 · 2021: 165 · 2020: 152 · 2019: 194 · 2018: 166 · 2017: 165 · 2016: 149 · 2015: 131 · 2014: 105 · 2013: 133 · 2012: 102
- FWCI
- 43.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Political Economy (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Keywords
- endowment effect, Coase theorem, willingness to accept, willingness to pay, consumer goods, transaction costs, market learning, asset markets
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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