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A ∼7.5 M⊕Planet Orbiting the Nearby Star, GJ 876

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Rivera, Eugenio J., Lissauer, Jack J., Butler, R. Paul, Marcy, Geoffrey W., Vogt, Steven S., Fischer, Debra A., Brown, Timothy M., Laughlin, Gregory, Henry, Gregory W.·2005·The Astrophysical Journal

Abstract

High-precision, high-cadence radial velocity monitoring over the past 8 yr at the W. M. Keck Observatory reveals evidence for a third planet orbiting the nearby (4.69 pc) dM4 star GJ 876. The residuals of three-body Newtonian fits, which include GJ 876 and Jupiter-mass companions b and c, show significant power at a periodicity of 1.9379 days. Self-consistently fitting the radial velocity data with a model that includes an additional body with this period significantly improves the quality of the fit. These four-body (three-planet) Newtonian fits find that the minimum mass of companion "d" is m sin i = 5.89 ± 0.54 M ⊕ and that its orbital period is 1.93776 (±7 × 10 -5 ) days. Assuming coplanar orbits, an inclination of the GJ 876 planetary system to the plane of the sky of ~50° gives the best fit. This inclination yields a mass for companion d of m = 7.53 ± 0.70 M ⊕ , making it by far the lowest mass companion yet found around a main-sequence star other than our Sun. Precise photometric observations at Fairborn Observatory confirm low-level brightness variability in GJ 876 and provide the first explicit determination of the star's 96.7 day rotation period. Even higher precision short-term photometric measurements obtained at Las Campanas imply that planet d does not transit GJ 876.

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Metadata

Authors
Rivera, E. J., Lissauer, J. J., Butler, R. P., Marcy, G. W., Vogt, S. S., Fischer, D. A., Brown, T. M., Laughlin, G., & Henry, G. W.
Venue
The Astrophysical Journal
Published
2005-11-20
Volume
634
Issue
1
Pages
625-640
ISSN
  • 0004-637X (ISSN-L)
  • 1538-4357
OpenAlex
W2102417275
Cited by
481
References
1
FWCI
34.16
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: A ∼7.5 M⊕Planet Orbiting the Nearby Star, GJ 876. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/491669
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Rivera, E. J., Lissauer, J. J., Butler, R. P., Marcy, G. W., Vogt, S. S., Fischer, D. A., Brown, T. M., Laughlin, G., & Henry, G. W. (2005). A ∼7.5 M⊕Planet Orbiting the Nearby Star, GJ 876. The Astrophysical Journal. https://doi.org/10.1086/491669

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