The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Roles of 34 Virulence Genes in the Evolution of Hospital‐ and Community‐Associated Strains of Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The extent to which the horizontal transfer of virulence genes has contributed to the emergence of contemporary virulent strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in hospital and community settings is poorly understood. METHODS: Epidemiologically well-characterized MRSA isolates collected over 8.5 years were genotyped and tested for the presence of 34 virulence genes. RESULTS: Six strain types accounted for 88.2% of all MRSA infections. The evolution of contemporary hospital and community phenotypes within the CC8 and CC30 lineages--2 background genomes that produced historical pandemic MRSA clones--were associated with multiple horizontal acquisitions of virulence genes. The epidemic community phenotype of a CC8 strain, designated ST8:USA300, was linked to the acquisition of staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC)mec type IV, the genes for Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), and the enterotoxin Q and K genes. Similarly, the epidemic community phenotype of a CC30 strain, ST30:USA1100, was linked to the acquisition of SCCmec type IV and the pvl genes. In contrast, the epidemic hospital phenotype of another CC30 strain, ST36:USA200, was associated with the acquisition of SCCmec type II, the enterotoxin A gene, and the toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 gene. The pvl genes appear not to be essential for the evolution OF other community-associated strains of mrsa, including ST8:USA500 and ST59:USA1000. CONCLUSIONS: The horizontal transfer of virulence genes, although infrequent, is epidemiologically associated with the emergence of new virulent strains of MRSA.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The ermC gene encoding a 23S rRNA (adenino 2085-N6)-dimethyltransferase (EC 2.1.1. 184) is mostly located within small plasmids such as pE194 (GenBank V01278) [106]”
From Molecular Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus (2022) · cites this paper as [112]
In the citing paper
“The cause of mupirocin resistance in S. aureus is the production of an isoleucyl-t-RNA synthetase encoded by the mupA gene (another name for the ileS2 gene) that is insensitive to mupirocin.”
From Molecular Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus (2022) · cites this paper as [112]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Tenover, F. C., Arbeit, R. D., Goering, R. V., Mickelsen, P. A., Murray, B. E., Persing, D. H., & Swaminathan, B. (1995) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.33.9.2233-2239.1995 · Cited by 8,204
Enright, M. C., Day, N. P. J., Davies, C. E., Peacock, S. J., & Spratt, B. G. (2000) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.38.3.1008-1015.2000 · Cited by 3,063
Lina, G., Piemont, Y., Godail-Gamot, F., Bes, M., Peter, M.-O., Gauduchon, V., Vandenesch, F., & Etienne, J. (1999) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/313461 · Cited by 2,489
Vandenesch, F., Naimi, T., Enright, M. C., Lina, G., Nimmo, G. R., Heffernan, H., Liassine, N., Bes, M., Greenland, T., Reverdy, M.-E., et al. (2003) · Emerging Infectious Diseases · doi:10.3201/eid0908.030089 · Cited by 1,727
Naimi, T. S. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.290.22.2976 · Cited by 1,688
The evolutionary history of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Enright, M. C., Robinson, D. A., Randle, G., Feil, E. J., Grundmann, H., & Spratt, B. G. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.122108599 · Cited by 1,588
Gillet, Y., Issartel, B., Vanhems, P., Fournet, J.-C., Lina, G., Bes, M., Vandenesch, F., Piémont, Y., Brousse, N., Floret, D., et al. (2002) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)07877-7 · Cited by 1,514
McDougal, L. K., Steward, C. D., Killgore, G. E., Chaitram, J. M., McAllister, S. K., & Tenover, F. C. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.41.11.5113-5120.2003 · Cited by 1,399
Genome and virulence determinants of high virulence community-acquired MRSA
Baba, T., Takeuchi, F., Kuroda, M., Yuzawa, H., Aoki, K.-I., Oguchi, A., Nagai, Y., Iwama, N., Asano, K., Naimi, T., et al. (2002) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)08713-5 · Cited by 1,370
Oliveira, D. C., & Lencastre, H. D. (2002) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.46.7.2155-2161.2002 · Cited by 1,343
Cited by
David, M. Z., & Daum, R. S. (2010) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00081-09 · Cited by 1,972
Diep, B. A., Gill, S. R., Chang, R. F., Phan, T. H., Chen, J. H., Davidson, M. G., Lin, F., Lin, J., Carleton, H. A., Mongodin, E. F., et al. (2006) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)68231-7 · Cited by 1,633
Self-citationWang, R., Braughton, K. R., Kretschmer, D., Bach, T.-H. L., Queck, S. Y., Li, M., Kennedy, A. D., Dorward, D. W., Klebanoff, S. J., Peschel, A., et al. (2007) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1656 · Cited by 1,046
Voyich, J. M., Otto, M., Mathema, B., Braughton, K. R., Whitney, A. R., Welty, D., Long, R. D., Dorward, D. W., Gardner, D. J., Lina, G., et al. (2006) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/509506 · Cited by 565
Reemergence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the genomics era
DeLeo, F. R., & Chambers, H. F. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci38226 · Cited by 512
Metadata
- Authors
- Diep, B. A., Carleton, H. A., Chang, R. F., Sensabaugh, G. F., & Perdreau‐Remington, F.
- Venue
- The Journal of Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2006-06
- Volume
- 193
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1495-1503
- ISSN
- 0022-1899 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-6613
- OpenAlex
- W2138738218
- Cited by
- 310
- References
- 40
- FWCI
- 20.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Roles of 34 Virulence Genes in the Evolution of Hospital‐ and Community‐Associated Strains of Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/503777
- The paper
- Diep, B. A., Carleton, H. A., Chang, R. F., Sensabaugh, G. F., & Perdreau‐Remington, F. (2006). Roles of 34 Virulence Genes in the Evolution of Hospital‐ and Community‐Associated Strains of Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The Journal of Infectious Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1086/503777
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
