The Initial‐Final Mass Relation: Direct Constraints at the Low‐Mass End

Kalirai, Jasonjot S.; Hansen, Brad M. S.; Kelson, Daniel D.; Reitzel, David B.; Rich, R. Michael; Richer, Harvey B.

doi:10.1086/527028

Cited by 327Stellar, planetary, and galactic studiesGalaxies: Formation, Evolution, PhenomenaGamma-ray bursts and supernovae

The Initial‐Final Mass Relation: Direct Constraints at the Low‐Mass End

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Kalirai, Jasonjot S., Hansen, Brad M. S., Kelson, Daniel D., Reitzel, David B., Rich, R. Michael, Richer, Harvey B.·2008·The Astrophysical Journal

DOI 10.1086/527028

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Abstract

The initial-final mass relation represents a mapping between the mass of a white dwarf remnant and the mass that the hydrogen-burning main-sequence star that created it once had. The empirical relation thus far has been constrained using a sample of ~40 stars in young open clusters, ranging in initial mass from ~2.75 to 7 M ☉ , and shows a general trend that connects higher mass main-sequence stars with higher mass white dwarfs. In this paper, we present CFHT CFH12K photometric and Keck LRIS multiobject spectroscopic observations of a sample of 22 white dwarfs in two older open clusters, NGC 7789 ( t = 1.4 Gyr) and NGC 6819 ( t = 2.5 Gyr). We measure masses for the highest signal-to-noise ratio spectra by fitting the Balmer lines to atmosphere models and place the first direct constraints on the low-mass end of the initial-final mass relation. Our results indicate that the observed general trend at higher masses continues down to low masses, with M initial = 1.6 M ☉ main-sequence stars forming M final = 0.54 M ☉ white dwarfs. When added to our new data from the very old cluster NGC 6791, the relation is extended down to M initial = 1.16 M ☉ (corresponding to M final = 0.53 M ☉ ). This extension of the relation represents a fourfold increase in the total number of hydrogen-burning stars for which the integrated mass loss can now be calculated from empirical data, assuming a Salpeter initial mass function. The new leverage at the low-mass end is used to derive a purely empirical initial-final mass relation. The sample of white dwarfs in these clusters also shows several interesting systems that we discuss further: a DB (helium) white dwarf, a magnetic white dwarf, a DAB (mixed hydrogen/helium atmosphere or a double degenerate DA+DB) white dwarf(s), and two possible equal-mass DA double degenerate binary systems.

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Large populations of disk and halo white dwarfs will provide unprecedented constraints on their luminosity function, yielding independent ages for the Galactic disk and halo.
“These large populations of disk and halo white dwarfs will provide unprecedented constraints on the luminosity function of these stars, which will directly yield independent ages for the Galactic disk and halo”
From LSST: From Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products (2019) · cites this paper as Kalirai et al. 2008

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LSST: From Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products
Ivezić, Ž., Kahn, S. M., Tyson, J. A., Abel, B., Acosta, E., Allsman, R., Alonso, D., AlSayyad, Y., Anderson, S. F., Andrew, J., et al. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab042c · Cited by 4,357 · see citing works
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MESA ISOCHRONES AND STELLAR TRACKS (MIST). I. SOLAR-SCALED MODELS
Choi, J., Dotter, A., Conroy, C., Cantiello, M., Paxton, B., & Johnson, B. D. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/0004-637x/823/2/102 · Cited by 2,922 · see citing works
Modeling the Panchromatic Spectral Energy Distributions of Galaxies
Conroy, C. (2013) · Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-082812-141017 · Cited by 724 · see citing works
TOWARD A COMPLETE ACCOUNTING OF ENERGY AND MOMENTUM FROM STELLAR FEEDBACK IN GALAXY FORMATION SIMULATIONS
Agertz, O., Kravtsov, A. V., Leitner, S. N., & Gnedin, N. Y. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/770/1/25 · Cited by 485 · see citing works
The frequency of planetary debris around young white dwarfs
Koester, D., Gänsicke, B. T., & Farihi, J. (2014) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201423691 · Cited by 433 · see citing works
Pulsating White Dwarf Stars and Precision Asteroseismology
Winget, D. E., & Kepler, S. O. (2008) · Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1146/annurev.astro.46.060407.145250 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
The Stellar and Sub-Stellar Initial Mass Function of Simple and Composite Populations
Kroupa, P., Weidner, C., Pflamm-Altenburg, J., Thies, I., Dabringhausen, J., Marks, M., & Maschberger, T. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-5612-0_4 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Magnetic White Dwarfs
Ferrario, L., de Martino, D., & Gänsicke, B. T. (2015) · Space Science Reviews · doi:10.1007/s11214-015-0152-0 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
The White Dwarf Initial–Final Mass Relation for Progenitor Stars from 0.85 to 7.5 M ⊙
Cummings, J. D., Kalirai, J. S., Tremblay, P.-E., Ramirez-Ruiz, E., & Choi, J. (2018) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aadfd6 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
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ACCELERATING COMPACT OBJECT MERGERS IN TRIPLE SYSTEMS WITH THE KOZAI RESONANCE: A MECHANISM FOR “PROMPT” TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE, GAMMA-RAY BURSTS, AND OTHER EXOTICA
Thompson, T. A. (2011) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/741/2/82 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
The formation of disc galaxies in a ΛCDM universe
Agertz, O., Teyssier, R., & Moore, B. (2010) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17530.x · Cited by 289 · see citing works
THE AGORA HIGH-RESOLUTION GALAXY SIMULATIONS COMPARISON PROJECT
Kim, J.-H., Abel, T., Agertz, O., Bryan, G. L., Ceverino, D., Christensen, C., Conroy, C., Dekel, A., Gnedin, N. Y., Goldbaum, N., et al. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.1088/0067-0049/210/1/14 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
The Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background
Beacom, J. F. (2010) · Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science · doi:10.1146/annurev.nucl.010909.083331 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
NEW COOLING SEQUENCES FOR OLD WHITE DWARFS
Renedo, I., Althaus, L. G., Bertolami, M. M. M., Romero, A. D., Córsico, A. H., Rohrmann, R. D., & García-Berro, E. (2010) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/717/1/183 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Super- and massive AGB stars – IV. Final fates – initial-to-final mass relation
Doherty, C. L., Gil-Pons, P., Siess, L., Lattanzio, J. C., & Lau, H. H. B. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu2180 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Post-main-sequence planetary system evolution
Veras, D. (2016) · Royal Society Open Science · doi:10.1098/rsos.150571 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
THE COSMIC CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVA RATE DOES NOT MATCH THE MASSIVE-STAR FORMATION RATE
Horiuchi, S., Beacom, J. F., Kochanek, C. S., Prieto, J. L., Stanek, K. Z., & Thompson, T. A. (2011) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/738/2/154 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
FORETELLINGS OF RAGNARÖK: WORLD-ENGULFING ASYMPTOTIC GIANTS AND THE INHERITANCE OF WHITE DWARFS
Mustill, A. J., & Villaver, E. (2012) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/761/2/121 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
The initialfinal mass relationship of white dwarfs revisited: effect on the luminosity function and mass distribution
Cataln, S., Isern, J., Garca-Berro, E., & Ribas, I. (2008) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13356.x · Cited by 238 · see citing works
galev evolutionary synthesis models - I. Code, input physics and web interface
Kotulla, R., Alvensleben, U. F., Weilbacher, P. M., Anders, P., & the galev team (2009) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14717.x · Cited by 232 · see citing works
N-body modelling of globular clusters: masses, mass-to-light ratios and intermediate-mass black holes
Baumgardt, H. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2488 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
PROBING THE LOWER MASS LIMIT FOR SUPERNOVA PROGENITORS AND THE HIGH-MASS END OF THE INITIAL-FINAL MASS RELATION FROM WHITE DWARFS IN THE OPEN CLUSTER M35 (NGC 2168)
Williams, K. A., Bolte, M., & Koester, D. (2009) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/693/1/355 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
PARSEC V2.0: Stellar tracks and isochrones of low- and intermediate-mass stars with rotation
Nguyen, C. T., Costa, G., Girardi, L., Volpato, G., Bressan, A., Chen, Y., Marigo, P., Fu, X., & Goudfrooij, P. (2022) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244166 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
DISCOVERY OF A CANDIDATE FOR THE COOLEST KNOWN BROWN DWARF
Luhman, K. L., Burgasser, A. J., & Bochanski, J. J. (2011) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.1088/2041-8205/730/1/l9 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
FUEL EFFICIENT GALAXIES: SUSTAINING STAR FORMATION WITH STELLAR MASS LOSS
Leitner, S. N., & Kravtsov, A. V. (2011) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/734/1/48 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Eccentric planets and stellar evolution as a cause of polluted white dwarfs
Frewen, S., & Hansen, B. M. S. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu097 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
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THE MASS-LOSS-INDUCED ECCENTRIC KOZAI MECHANISM: A NEW CHANNEL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CLOSE COMPACT OBJECT-STELLAR BINARIES
Shappee, B. J., & Thompson, T. A. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/766/1/64 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Accretion of a giant planet onto a white dwarf star
Gänsicke, B., Schreiber, M., Toloza, O., Fusillo, N. G. G., Koester, D., & Manser, C. (2019) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1789-8 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
SEMI-EMPIRICAL WHITE DWARF INITIAL-FINAL MASS RELATIONSHIPS: A THOROUGH ANALYSIS OF SYSTEMATIC UNCERTAINTIES DUE TO STELLAR EVOLUTION MODELS
Salaris, M., Serenelli, A. M., Weiß, A., & Bertolami, M. M. M. (2009) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/692/2/1013 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
A top-heavy stellar initial mass function in starbursts as an explanation for the high mass-to-light ratios of ultra-compact dwarf galaxies
Dabringhausen, J., Kroupa, P., & Baumgardt, H. (2009) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14425.x · Cited by 147 · see citing works
The Ages of the Thin Disk, Thick Disk, and the Halo from Nearby White Dwarfs
Kilic, M., Munn, J. A., Harris, H. C., von Hippel, T., Liebert, J., Williams, K. A., Jeffery, E., & DeGennaro, S. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa62a5 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
A white dwarf catalogue from Gaia-DR2 and the Virtual Observatory
Jiménez-Esteban, F., Torres, S., Rebassa-Mansergas, A., Skorobogatov, G., Solano, E., Cantero, C., & Rodrigo, C. (2018) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2120 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Stellar inventory of the solar neighbourhood using Gaia DR1
Bovy, J. (2017) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stx1277 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
The frequency and infrared brightness of circumstellar discs at white dwarfs
Rocchetto, M., Farihi, J., Gänsicke, B. T., & Bergfors, C. (2015) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stv282 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
New cooling sequences for old white dwarfs
Renedo, I., Althaus, L. G., Bertolami, M. M. M., Romero, A. D., Córsico, A. H., Rohrmann, R. D., & García-Berro, E. (2010) · Americanae (AECID Library) · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Tidal disruption event demographics
Kochanek, C. S. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw1290 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
An Empirical Measurement of the Initial–Final Mass Relation with Gaia White Dwarfs
El-Badry, K., Rix, H., & Weisz, D. R. (2018) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aaca9c · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Equilibrium and Sudden Events in Chemical Evolution
Weinberg, D. H., Andrews, B. H., & Freudenburg, J. K. C. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/837/2/183 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
The field white dwarf mass distribution
Tremblay, P.-E., Cummings, J. D., Kalirai, J. S., Gänsicke, B. T., Gentile-Fusillo, N., & Raddi, R. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw1447 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
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orvara: An Efficient Code to Fit Orbits Using Radial Velocity, Absolute, and/or Relative Astrometry
Brandt, T. D., Dupuy, T., Li, Y., Brandt, G., Zeng, Y., Michalik, D., Gagliuffi, D. C. B., & Raposo-Pulido, V. (2021) · Astronomical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac042e · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Relativistic deflection of background starlight measures the mass of a nearby white dwarf star
Sahu, K. C., Anderson, J., Casertano, S., Bond, H. E., Bergeron, P., Nelan, E., Pueyo, L. A., Brown, T. M., Bellini, A., Levay, Z., et al. (2017) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aal2879 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
THE MASSES OF POPULATION II WHITE DWARFS
Kalirai, J. S., Davis, D. S., Richer, H. B., Bergeron, P., Catelan, M., Hansen, B. M. S., & Rich, R. M. (2009) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/705/1/408 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
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Catalogues of hot white dwarfs in the Milky Way from GALEX’s ultraviolet sky surveys: constraining stellar evolution
Bianchi, L., Efremova, B. V., Herald, J. E., Girardi, L., Zabot, A., Marigo, P., & Martin, C. (2010) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17890.x · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Reaching the End of the White Dwarf Cooling Sequence in NGC 67911
Bedin, L. R., King, I. R., Anderson, J., Piotto, G., Salaris, M., Cassisi, S., & Serenelli, A. M. (2008) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/529370 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Detectable close-in planets around white dwarfs through late unpacking
Veras, D., & Gänsicke, B. T. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu2475 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
The Nickel Mass Distribution of Normal Type II Supernovae
Müller, T., Prieto, J. L., Pejcha, O., & Clocchiatti, A. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa72f1 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Helium enrichment and carbon-star production in metal-rich populations
Karakas, A. I. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu1727 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Probing The Lower Mass Limit For Supernova Progenitors And The High-Mass End Of The Initial-Final Mass Relation From White Dwarfs In The Open Cluster M35 (NGC 2168)
Koester, D. (2016) · Texas ScholarWorks (Texas Digital Library) · doi:10.15781/t23z45 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
THE PROGENITORS OF TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE. I. ARE THEY SUPERSOFT SOURCES?
Stefano, R. D. (2010) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/712/1/728 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
The Progenitors of Type Ia Supernovae
Pritchet, C. J., Howell, D. A., & Sullivan, M. (2008) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/591314 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
THE FREQUENCY OF DEBRIS DISKS AT WHITE DWARFS
Barber, S., Patterson, A. J., Kilic, M., Leggett, S. K., Dufour, P., Bloom, J. S., & Starr, D. (2012) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/760/1/26 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
The age of the Milky Way inner halo
Kalirai, J. S. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11062 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
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Carbon star formation as seen through the non-monotonic initial–final mass relation
Marigo, P., Cummings, J., Curtis, J., Kalirai, J., Chen, Y., Tremblay, P., Ramirez-Ruiz, E., Bergeron, P., Bladh, S., Bressan, A., et al. (2020) · Nature Astronomy · doi:10.1038/s41550-020-1132-1 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
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SpitzerIRAC Observations of White Dwarfs. II. Massive Planetary and Cold Brown Dwarf Companions to Young and Old Degenerates
Farihi, J., Becklin, E. E., & Zuckerman, B. (2008) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/588726 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Variable emission from a gaseous disc around a metal-polluted white dwarf
Wilson, D. J., Gänsicke, B. T., Koester, D., Raddi, R., Breedt, E., Southworth, J. H., & Parsons, S. G. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu1876 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
DISCOVERY OF A CANDIDATE FOR THE COOLEST KNOWN BROWN DWARF
Luhman, K. L., Bochanski, J. J., & Burgasser, A. J. (2011) · DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Stellar migration and chemical enrichment in the milky way disc: a hybrid model
Johnson, J. W., Weinberg, D. H., Vincenzo, F., Bird, J. C., Loebman, S., Brooks, A. M., Quinn, T., Christensen, C., & Griffith, E. J. (2021) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stab2718 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
WHITE DWARF COSMOCHRONOLOGY IN THE SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD
Tremblay, P.-E., Kalirai, J. S., Soderblom, D. R., Cignoni, M., & Cummings, J. D. (2014) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/791/2/92 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
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POSSIBLE SIGNS OF WATER AND DIFFERENTIATION IN A ROCKY EXOPLANETARY BODY
Farihi, J., Brinkworth, C., Gänsicke, B., Marsh, T., Girven, J., Hoard, D., Klein, B., & Koester, D. (2010) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.1088/2041-8205/728/1/l8 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
KOI-3278: A Self-Lensing Binary Star System
Kruse, E., & Agol, E. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1251999 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Rate of WD-WD head-on collisions in isolated triples is too low to explain standard type Ia supernovae
Toonen, S., Perets, H. B., & Hamers, A. S. (2017) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731874 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
ROTATING STELLAR MODELS CAN ACCOUNT FOR THE EXTENDED MAIN-SEQUENCE TURNOFFS IN INTERMEDIATE-AGE CLUSTERS
Brandt, T. D., & Huang, C. X. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/807/1/25 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Full-lifetime simulations of multiple unequal-mass planets across all phases of stellar evolution
Veras, D., Mustill, A. J., Gänsicke, B. T., Redfield, S., Georgakarakos, N., Bowler, A. B., & Lloyd, M. J. S. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw476 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
SPOON-FEEDING GIANT STARS TO SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES: EPISODIC MASS TRANSFER FROM EVOLVING STARS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE QUIESCENT ACTIVITY OF GALACTIC NUCLEI
MacLeod, M., Ramirez-Ruiz, E., Grady, S., & Guillochon, J. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/777/2/133 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
White dwarfs in the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey Large Area Survey: the substellar companion fraction
Steele, P. R., Burleigh, M. R., Dobbie, P. D., Jameson, R. F., Barstow, M. A., & Satterthwaite, R. P. (2011) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19225.x · Cited by 82 · see citing works
No evidence for intermediate-mass black holes in the globular clusters ω Cen and NGC 6624
Baumgardt, H., He, C., Sweet, S. M., Drinkwater, M. J., Sollima, A., Hurley, J. R., Usher, C., Kamann, S., Dalgleish, H., Dreizler, S., et al. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2060 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Dissolution is the solution: on the reduced mass-to-light ratios of Galactic globular clusters
Kruijssen, J. M. D., & Mieske, S. (2009) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200811453 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
The Planetary Nebula Luminosity Function: Pieces of the Puzzle
Ciardullo, R. (2010) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia · doi:10.1071/as09022 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
The evolution of the stellar mass function in star clusters
Kruijssen, J. M. D. (2009) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200913325 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
High-resolution optical spectroscopy of Praesepe white dwarfs
Casewell, S. L., Dobbie, P. D., Napiwotzki, R., Burleigh, M. R., Barstow, M. A., & Jameson, R. F. (2009) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14593.x · Cited by 73 · see citing works
The Canada–France Imaging Survey: Reconstructing the Milky Way Star Formation History from Its White Dwarf Population
Fantin, N., Côté, P., McConnachie, A. W., Bergeron, P., Cuillandre, J., Gwyn, S., Ibata, R., Thomas, G. F., Carlberg, R. G., Fabbro, S., et al. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab5521 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Evidence for an external origin of heavy elements in hot DA white dwarfs
Barstow, M. A., Barstow, J. K., Casewell, S. L., Holberg, J. B., & Hubený, I. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu216 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Evidence for Sub-Chandrasekhar Type Ia Supernovae from Stellar Abundances in Dwarf Galaxies
Kirby, E., Xie, J. L., Guo, R., Reyes, M. D. L. D. L., Bergemann, M., Kovalev, M., Shen, K. J., Piro, A. L., & McWilliam, A. (2019) · Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab2c02 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
INVERTING COLOR-MAGNITUDE DIAGRAMS TO ACCESS PRECISE STAR CLUSTER PARAMETERS: A NEW WHITE DWARF AGE FOR THE HYADES
DeGennaro, S., von Hippel, T., Jefferys, W. H., Stein, N. M., van Dyk, D. A., & Jeffery, E. (2009) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/696/1/12 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
THE TRANSVERSE PECULIAR VELOCITY OF THE Q2237+0305 LENS GALAXY AND THE MEAN MASS OF ITS STARS
Poindexter, S., & Kochanek, C. S. (2010) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/712/1/658 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Blue Lurkers: Hidden Blue Stragglers on the M67 Main Sequence Identified from Their Kepler/K2 Rotation Periods
Leiner, E., Mathieu, R. D., Vanderburg, A. M., Gosnell, N. M., & Smith, J. C. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab2bf8 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Asteroseismic inferences on red giants in open clusters NGC 6791, NGC 6819, and NGC 6811 using Kepler
Hekker, S., Basu, S., Stello, D., Kallinger, T., Grundahl, F., Mathur, S., García, R. A., Mosser, B., Huber, D., Bedding, T. R., et al. (2011) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201016303 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Liberating exomoons in white dwarf planetary systems
Payne, M. J., Veras, D., Holman, M. J., & Gänsicke, B. T. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stv2966 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Dissolution is the solution: on the reduced mass-to-light ratios of Galactic globular clusters
Kruijssen, J. M. D., & Mieske, S. (2009) · Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200811453/pdf · Cited by 67 · see citing works
The Gaia DR1 mass–radius relation for white dwarfs
Tremblay, P.-E., Gentile-Fusillo, N., Raddi, R., Jordan, S., Besson, C., Gänsicke, B. T., Parsons, S. G., Koester, D., Marsh, T. R., Bohlin, R. C., et al. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2854 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
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SPOON-FEEDING GIANT STARS TO SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES: EPISODIC MASS TRANSFER FROM EVOLVING STARS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE QUIESCENT ACTIVITY OF GALACTIC NUCLEIPreprint
MacLeod, M., Ramirez-Ruiz, E., Grady, S., & Guillochon, J. (2014) · Cited by 66 · see citing works
PopSyCLE: A New Population Synthesis Code for Compact Object Microlensing Events
Lam, C. Y., Lu, J. R., Hosek, M. W., Dawson, W. A., & Golovich, N. R. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab5fd3 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
The star formation history of the solar neighbourhood from the white dwarf luminosity function
Rowell, N. (2013) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1110 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
The magnetic and metallic degenerate G77-50
Farihi, J., Dufour, P., Napiwotzki, R., & Koester, D. (2011) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18325.x · Cited by 63 · see citing works
THE PROGENITORS OF TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE. II. ARE THEY DOUBLE-DEGENERATE BINARIES? THE SYMBIOTIC CHANNEL
Stefano, R. D. (2010) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/719/1/474 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
The natural emergence of the correlation between H2 and star formation rate surface densities in galaxy simulations
Lupi, A., Bovino, S., Capelo, P. R., Volonteri, M., & Silk, J. I. (2017) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2874 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
THE CORE MASS GROWTH AND STELLAR LIFETIME OF THERMALLY PULSING ASYMPTOTIC GIANT BRANCH STARS
Kalirai, J. S., Marigo, P., & Tremblay, P.-E. (2014) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/782/1/17 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
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The rates of type Ia supernovae - II. Diversity of events at low and high redshifts
Greggio, L. (2010) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16371.x · Cited by 61 · see citing works
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Preprint typeset using L ATEX style emulateapj v. 12/14/05 THE INITIAL-FINAL MASS RELATION: DIRECT CONSTRAINTS AT THE LOW MASS END 1,2Preprint
Kalirai, J. S., Hansen, B. M. S., Kelson, D. D., Reitzel, D. B., Rich, R. M., & Richer, H. B. (2008)
Self-citation
Preprint typeset using L ATEX style emulateapj v. 12/14/05 THE INITIAL-FINAL MASS RELATION: FIRST CONSTRAINTS AT THE LOW MASS END 1,2Preprint
Kalirai, J. S., Hansen, B. M. S., Kelson, D. D., Reitzel, D. B., Rich, R. M., & Richer, H. B. (2008)
Self-citation
An Empirical Initial-Final Mass Relation from Hot, Massive White Dwarfs in NGC 2168 (M35)
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A New Look at the Empirical Initial-Final Mass RelationPreprint
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New constraints for the initial-to-final mass relation of white dwarfs
de Astrofísica, P. U. C. D. C. I., & Barrientos, M. (2020) · doi:10.7764/tesisuc/ast/38496

Authors: Kalirai, J. S., Hansen, B. M. S., Kelson, D. D., Reitzel, D. B., Rich, R. M., & Richer, H. B.
Affiliations: University of California, Los Angeles (US)
Carnegie Institution for Science (US)
University of British Columbia (CA)
Venue: The Astrophysical Journal
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Published: 2008-03-20
Volume: 676
Issue: 1
Pages: 594-609
ISSN: 0004-637X (ISSN-L)
1538-4357
DOI: 10.1086/527028
OpenAlex: W2017540369
Cited by: 327
References: 77
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 19
FWCI: 16.91
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: The Astrophysical Journal (publishedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University)
Funders: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NAS 526555)
W. M. Keck Foundation
California Institute of Technology
Space Telescope Science Institute (NAS5- 26555, 26555)
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
Institut national des sciences de l'Univers
Topics: Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
Keywords: initial-final mass relation, white dwarfs, low-mass stars, open clusters, NGC 7789, NGC 6819, NGC 6791, white dwarf mass, stellar mass loss, Salpeter initial mass function, DB white dwarfs, magnetic white dwarfs, double degenerate binaries

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The Initial‐Final Mass Relation: Direct Constraints at the Low‐Mass End

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