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Cited by 388Migration, Refugees, and IntegrationElectoral Systems and Political ParticipationDiaspora, migration, transnational identity

Citizenship Rights for Immigrants: National Political Processes and Cross-National Convergence in Western Europe, 1980–2008

Open access
Koopmans, Ruud, Michalowski, Ines, Waibel, Stine·2012·American Journal of Sociology
DOI 10.1086/662707
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Abstract

Immigrant citizenship rights in the nation-state reference both theories of cross-national convergence and the resilience of national political processes. This article investigates European countries' attribution of rights to immigrants: Have these rights become more inclusive and more similar across countries? Are they affected by EU membership, the role of the judiciary, the party in power, the size of the immigrant electorate, or pressure exerted by anti-immigrant parties? Original data on 10 European countries, 1980-2008, reveal no evidence for cross-national convergence. Rights tended to become more inclusive until 2002, but stagnated afterward. Electoral changes drive these trends: growth of the immigrant electorate led to expansion, but countermobilization by right-wing parties slowed or reversed liberalizations. These electoral mechanisms are in turn shaped by long-standing policy traditions, leading to strong path dependence and the reproduction of preexisting cross-national differences.

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Authors
Koopmans, R., Michalowski, I., & Waibel, S.
Affiliations
WZB Berlin Social Science Center (DE)
ORCID
Venue
American Journal of Sociology
Publisher
University of Chicago Press
Published
2012-01
Volume
117
Issue
4
Pages
1202-1245
ISSN
  • 0002-9602 (ISSN-L)
  • 1537-5390
DOI
10.1086/662707
OpenAlex
W1603752002
Cited by
388
References
65
Citations by year
2025: 10 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 70 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 10
FWCI
126.08
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
other-oa
Locations
  • American Journal of Sociology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • VU Research Portal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Digital Academic REpository of VU University Amsterdam (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Migration, Refugees, and Integration
  • Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Electoral Systems and Political Participation
  • Social Sciences › Demography › Diaspora, migration, transnational identity
Keywords
EU membership, anti-immigrant parties, right-wing parties, ruling party, path dependence, Western Europe
MeSH terms
Europe, European Union, Humans, Human Rights, Politics, Internationality, Emigrants and Immigrants

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