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DISSECTING THE GRAVITATIONAL LENS B1608+656. II. PRECISION MEASUREMENTS OF THE HUBBLE CONSTANT, SPATIAL CURVATURE, AND THE DARK ENERGY EQUATION OF STATE
Open accessAbstract
Strong gravitational lens systems with measured time delays between the multiple images provide a method for measuring the "time-delay distance" to the lens, and thus the Hubble constant. We present a Bayesian analysis of the strong gravitational lens system B1608+656, incorporating (1) new, deep Hubble Space Telescope ( HST ) observations, (2) a new velocity-dispersion measurement of 260 ± 15 km s −1 for the primary lens galaxy, and (3) an updated study of the lens' environment. Our analysis of the HST images takes into account the extended source surface brightness, and the dust extinction and optical emission by the interacting lens galaxies. When modeling the stellar dynamics of the primary lens galaxy, the lensing effect, and the environment of the lens, we explicitly include the total mass distribution profile logarithmic slope γ' and the external convergence κ ext ; we marginalize over these parameters, assigning well-motivated priors for them, and so turn the major systematic errors into statistical ones. The HST images provide one such prior, constraining the lens mass density profile logarithmic slope to be γ' = 2.08 ± 0.03; a combination of numerical simulations and photometric observations of the B1608+656 field provides an estimate of the prior for κ ext : 0.10 +0.08 −0.05 . This latter distribution dominates the final uncertainty on H 0 . Fixing the cosmological parameters at Ω m = 0.3, Ω Λ = 0.7, and w = −1 in order to compare with previous work on this system, we find H 0 = 70.6 +3.1 −3.1 km s −1 Mpc −1 . The new data provide an increase in precision of more than a factor of 2, even including the marginalization over κ ext . Relaxing the prior probability density function for the cosmological parameters to that derived from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe ( WMAP ) five-year data set, we find that the B1608+656 data set breaks the degeneracy between Ω m and Ω Λ at w = −1 and constrains the curvature parameter to be −0.031 < Ω k < 0.009 (95% CL), a level of precision comparable to that afforded by the current Type Ia SNe sample. Asserting a flat spatial geometry, we find that, in combination with WMAP , H 0 = 69.7 +4.9 −5.0 km s −1 Mpc −1 and w = −0.94 +0.17 −0.19 (68% CL), suggesting that the observations of B1608+656 constrain w as tightly as the current Baryon Acoustic Oscillation data do.
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“Time delays of galaxy-scale lensed quasars will allow one to measure Hubble ' s constant ( e.g., Suyu et al. 2010; Bonvin et al. 2017 ) in hundreds of systems; subpercentlevel precision in H ( z ) should be achievable ( Coe & Moustakas 2009; Treu & Marshall 2016 ) , providing a further independent dark energy probe.”
From LSST: From Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products (2019) · cites this paper as Suyu et al. 2010
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Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 452
Cosmology from large populations of galaxy–galaxy strong gravitational lenses
Li, T., Collett, T. E., Krawczyk, C., & Enzi, W. (2023) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stad3514 · Cited by 35
Monelli, M., Testa, V., Bono, G., Ferraro, I., Iannicola, G., Fiorentino, G., Arcidiacono, C., Massari, D., Boutsia, K., Briguglio, R., et al. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/812/1/25 · Cited by 24
“…cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments (Boomerang,WMAP, Planck), on baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAOs; Eisenstein et al. 2005), on supernovaobservations (Riess et al. 1998, 2011), and on gravitational lensing (Suyu et al. 2010, 2013) opened the path to the era of precision cosmology.”
BackgroundSeparate constraints on early and late cosmology
Audren, B. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu1457 · Cited by 27
“The data we used for this study is taken from Suyu et al. (2010) and Suyu et al. (2013), with a shifted log normal distribution.”
MethodACCRETION PROPERTIES OF HIGH- AND LOW-EXCITATION YOUNG RADIO GALAXIES
Son, D., Woo, J.-H., Kim, S. C., Fu, H., Kawakatu, N., Bennert, V. N., Nagao, T., & Park, D. (2012) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/757/2/140 · Cited by 26
“To measure stellar velocity dispersion, we utilized a Python-based code vdfit, which employs Bayesian statistical estimation using Markov Chain Monte Carlo sample with a set of stellar templates from the INDO-US library comprised of G and K giant stars (see Suyu et al. 2010).”
MethodShafieloo, A., & Linder, E. V. (2011) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.84.063519 · Cited by 26
Chan, J. H. H., Rojas, K., Millon, M., Courbin, F., Bonvin, V., & Jauffret, G. (2020) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202038971 · Cited by 26
Direct measurement of the distribution of dark matter with strongly lensed gravitational waves
Cao, S., Qi, J.-Z., Cao, Z., Biesiada, M., Cheng, W. S., & Zhu, Z. (2022) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142694 · Cited by 26
Consequences of the lack of azimuthal freedom in the modeling of lensing galaxies
de Vyvere, L. V., Sluse, D., Gomer, M. R., & Mukherjee, S. (2022) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243382 · Cited by 26
Cosmological parameter determination in free-form strong gravitational lens modelling
Lubini, M., Sereno, M., Coles, J., Jetzer, P., & Saha, P. (2013) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stt2057 · Cited by 25
“In the analysis of time-delay galaxies, Suyu et al. (2010, 2013) broke degeneracies by complementing lensing data with additional information that constrains the lens mass profile, such as the measurements of the stellar velocity dispersion or the mass distribution along the line of sight.”
BackgroundSpingola, C., McKean, J. P., Lee, M., Deller, A. T., & Moldón, J. (2018) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/sty3189 · Cited by 25
“…lenses are also a powerful astrophysical tool for determining the cosmological parameters, which include precise measurements of the Hubble constant and competitive tests of dark energy (e.g. Biggs et al. 1999; Koopmans et al. 2000; Fassnacht et al. 2002; Suyu et al. 2010; Biggs & Browne 2018).”
BackgroundMeasuring cosmic curvature with non-CMB observations
Wu, P.-J., & Zhang, X. (2025) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/sn3q-q589 · Cited by 43
“To further tighten the constraints, we will also consider the strong gravitational lensing time delay (TD) observations [21–29].”
Gravitational lens system SDSS J1339+1310: microlensing factory and time delay
Goicoechea, L. J., & Shalyapin, V. N. (2016) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201628790 · Cited by 24
“…times, and a measurement of the time delay between these lensed images can be used to estimate the current expansion rate of the Universe (the so-called Hubble constant) and other cosmological parameters (e.g. Oguri 2007; Suyu et al. 2010, 2013; Sereno & Paraficz 2014; Rathna Kumar et al. 2015).”
MethodA measurement of the Hubble constant from angular diameter distances to two gravitational lenses
Jee, I., Suyu, S. H., Komatsu, E., Fassnacht, C., Hilbert, S., & Koopmans, L. V. E. (2019) · MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) · Cited by 24
Self-citationRezaei, S., McKean, J. P., Biehl, M. L., de Roo, W., & Lafontaine, A. (2022) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2078 · Cited by 24
Wertz, O., Orthen, B., & Schneider, P. (2018) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201732240 · Cited by 24
“If the LOS mass effects are sufficiently small, they can be approximated by an external shear and an external convergence, usually denoted as κext, which need to be characterized1 (see e.g., Keeton 2003; Fassnacht et al. 2006; Suyu et al. 2010, 2013; Wong et al. 2011, 2017).”
BackgroundChen, G. C.-F., Fassnacht, C. D., Suyu, S. H., Yıldırım, A., Komatsu, E., & Bernal, J. L. (2021) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039895 · Cited by 24
Self-citationUNDERSTANDING THE UNIQUE ASSEMBLY HISTORY OF CENTRAL GROUP GALAXIES
Vulcani, B., Bundy, K. A., Lackner, C. N., Leauthaud, A., Treu, T., Mei, S., Coccato, L., Kneib, J., Auger, M. W., & Nipoti, C. (2014) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/797/1/62 · Cited by 23
“Stellar velocity dispersion fitting Following Suyu et al. (2010) and Harris et al. (2012), we use a Python-based implementation of the velocity dispersion code from van der Marel (1994), expanded to use a linear combination of template spectra (written by M. W. Auger).”
MethodInfluentialSelf-citationNew Probe of Gravity: Strongly Lensed Gravitational-wave Multimessenger Approach
Yang, T., Hu, B., Cai, R.-G., & Wang, B. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab271e · Cited by 25
Enzi, W., Vegetti, S., Despali, G., Hsueh, J.-W., & Metcalf, R. B. (2020) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1224 · Cited by 22
“E-mail: enzi@mpa-garching.mpg.de and weak constraints on other cosmological parameters (e.g. Suyu et al. 2010; Wong et al. 2019; Chen et al. 2019).”
BackgroundYıldırım, A., Suyu, S. H., Chen, G. C.-F., & Komatsu, E. (2023) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142318 · Cited by 36
Self-citationThree quasi-stellar objects acting as strong gravitational lenses
Courbin, F., Faure, C., Djorgovski, S. G., Rérat, F., Tewes, M., Meylan, G., Stern, D. K., Mahabal, A. A., Boroson, T. A., Dheeraj, R. P., et al. (2011) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201118015 · Cited by 22
“When the lensed source is photometrically variable, like a QSO, the time delay constraint can also be used (Refsdal 1964) to measure the Hubble parameter, H0, independently of any standard candle (e.g., Suyu et al. 2010).”
MethodJoseph, R., Courbin, F., Starck, J., & Birrer, S. (2019) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731042 · Cited by 22
“…quasars (Refsdal 1964) allows to constrain cosmology independently of any other cosmological probes (for a review see Treu & Marshall 2016), with high sensitivity to H0 and little dependence on the other cosmological parameters (e.g. Suyu et al. 2010, 2014; Tewes et al. 2013; Bonvin et al. 2017).”
BackgroundTihhonova, O., Courbin, F., Harvey, D., Hilbert, S., Peel, A., Rusu, C. E., Fassnacht, C. D., Bonvin, V., Marshall, P. J., Meylan, G., et al. (2020) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1436 · Cited by 22
Self-citationCorrected holographic dark energy with power-law entropy and Hubble Horizon cut-off in FRW Universe
Bhardwaj, V. K., Garg, P., Pradhan, A., & Krishnannair, S. (2022) · Chinese Journal of Physics · doi:10.1016/j.cjph.2022.06.028 · Cited by 21
“Hubble parameter H(z) With the help of Hubble Space Telescope (HST) [46], Cepheid variable observations [47], gravitational lensing [48], and WMAP seven year data [49], many astrophysical researchers [50] estimated Hubble constant 72± 8, 69.”
MethodNeutrino mass from cosmology: impact of high-accuracy measurement of the Hubble constant
Sekiguchi, T., Ichikawa, K., Takahashi, T., & Greenhill, L. J. (2010) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2010/03/015 · Cited by 21
Schneider, P. (2019) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424881 · Cited by 21
Complementary constraints on dark energy equation of state from strongly lensed gravitational wave
Liu, B., Li, Z., & Zhu, Z. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1179 · Cited by 21
“Recently, Suyu et al. (2010) showed that utilizing the time delay of lensing events to constrain the Hubble constant with precision competitive to other methods is possible.”
BackgroundA Model-Independent Characterisation of Strong Gravitational Lensing by Observables
Wagner, J. (2019) · Universe · doi:10.3390/universe5070177 · Cited by 21
“. At best, different models based on a single smooth deflecting mass density or including perturbing inhomogeneities can be ranked with respect to each other in a Bayesian framework, see e.g., [31] or [77]. In this way, the most likely explanation for the perturbed, symmetric multiple-image configuration is determined f…”
BackgroundPandey, S., Raveri, M., & Jain, B. (2020) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.102.023505 · Cited by 21
Buckley‐Geer, E., Lin, H., Rusu, C. E., Poh, J., Palmese, A., Agnello, A., Christensen, L., Frieman, J. A., Shajib, A. J., Treu, T., et al. (2020) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2563 · Cited by 21
“Indeed, if unaccounted for, this quantity would bias H0 such that H0 = Hmodel0 (1 − κext) (e.g., Suyu et al. 2010a), for Hmodel0 obtained from lens modeling.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationGravitational lensing H0 tension from ultralight axion galactic cores
Blum, K., & Teodori, L. (2021) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.104.123011 · Cited by 21
“To be more precise, the observationally accessible dispersion σ is given by [19, 63]”
BackgroundGomer, M. R., & Williams, L. L. R. (2020) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2020/11/045 · Cited by 20
“Improvements in the method over time have enabled constraints on H0 to be placed at the 7% level using a single system (Suyu et al. 2010, 2014).”
MethodNext generation strong lensing time delay estimation with Gaussian processes
Hojjati, A., & Linder, E. V. (2014) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.90.123501 · Cited by 20
Zooming into the Cosmic Horseshoe: new insights on the lens profile and the source shape
Bellagamba, F., Tessore, N., & Metcalf, R. B. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2726 · Cited by 21
“However, it has been pointed out that it is possible to break this degeneracy from lensing observations only, making use of extended images (Dye et al. 2008; Suyu et al. 2010; Suyu 2012; Eichner et al. 2012).”
BackgroundPopulation mixtures and searches of lensed and extended quasars across photometric surveys
Williams, P. R., Agnello, A., & Treu, T. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw3239 · Cited by 20
“With the addition of time domain information, they can be used for cosmography by using the time-delay between multiple images as a distance indicator (e.g Refsdal 1964; Schechter et al. 1997; Koopmans & Fassnacht 1999; Oguri 2007; Suyu et al. 2010, 2013, 2014; Treu & Marshall 2016).”
MethodSelf-citationThe impact of line-of-sight structures on measuring H 0 with strong lensing time delays
Li, N., Becker, C., & Dye, S. (2021) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stab984 · Cited by 19
Song, J.-Y., Qi, J.-Z., Zhang, J.-F., & Zhang, X. (2025) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/add999 · Cited by 19
Comparison of dark energy models using late-universe observations
Wu, P.-J. (2025) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/mcgb-ntwr · Cited by 35
“Recently, the DESI collaboration released the high-precision BAO data [30, 75–77], the DES program published the high-quality samples of SN Ia [78], and to date, there are 32 CC data [79] and 7 TD data [80–88] have become available for parameter estimation.”
OBSERVABLE QUANTITIES IN WEYL GRAVITY
Tanhayi, M. R., Fathi, M., & Takook, M. V. (2011) · Modern Physics Letters A · doi:10.1142/s0217732311036759 · Cited by 19
Wagner, J. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1587 · Cited by 19
Zaborowski, E. A., Drlica-Wagner, A., Ashmead, F., Wu, J. F., Morgan, R., Bom, C. R., Shajib, A. J., Birrer, S., Cerny, W., Buckley‐Geer, E., et al. (2023) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ace4ba · Cited by 22
Grillo, C., Gobat, R. A. S., Presotto, V., Balestra, I., Mercurio, A., Rosati, P., Nonino, M., Vanzella, E., Christensen, L., Graves, G. J. M., et al. (2014) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/786/1/11 · Cited by 19
“…Plane (e.g., Grillo et al. 2009; Grillo & Gobat 2010; Auger et al. 2010b) of massive early-type galaxies and to use single lenses or statistical samples of them to infer cosmologically relevant quantities (e.g., Grillo et al. 2008b; Schwab et al. 2010; Suyu et al. 2010, 2013; Fadely et al. 2010).”
BackgroundHow flat is our Universe really?
Okouma, P., Fantaye, Y. T., & Bassett, B. A. (2013) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2012.12.070 · Cited by 19
Doubling strong lensing as a cosmological probe
Linder, E. V. (2016) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.94.083510 · Cited by 19
An Accurate Analytic Mass Model for Lensing Galaxies
Du, W., Zhao, G.-B., Fan, Z., Shu, Y., Li, R., & Mao, S. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab7a15 · Cited by 19
“The time delays between multiply imaged quasars provide an approach to constrain the Hubble constant (Suyu et al. 2010, 2013; Bonvin et al. 2017; Wong et al. 2017; Sonnenfeld 2018).”
BackgroundRadio monitoring campaigns of six strongly lensed quasars
Rumbaugh, N., Fassnacht, C. D., McKean, J. P., Koopmans, L. V. E., Auger, M. W., & Suyu, S. H. (2015) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stv672 · Cited by 19
Self-citationPearce-Casey, R., Nagam, B. C., Wilde, J., Busillo, V., Ulivi, L., Andika, I. T., Manjón-García, A., Leuzzi, L., Matavulj, P., Serjeant, S., et al. (2025) · Astronomy & Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202453152 · Cited by 18
Self-citationTransit f(Q,T) Gravity Model: Observational Constraints with Specific Hubble Parameter
Kale, A. P., Solanke, Y. S., Shekh, S. H., & Pradhan, A. (2023) · Symmetry · doi:10.3390/sym15101835 · Cited by 18
Wong, K. C., Dux, F., Shajib, A. J., Suyu, S. H., Millon, M., Mozumdar, P., Wells, P. R., Agnello, A., Birrer, S., Buckley‐Geer, E., et al. (2024) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202450979 · Cited by 18
Self-citationPrecision cosmology with time delay lenses: high resolution imaging requirements
Meng, X.-L., Treu, T., Agnello, A., Auger, M. W., Liao, K., & Marshall, P. J. (2015) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2015/09/059 · Cited by 18
Self-citationA gravitationally lensed quasar discovered in OGLE
Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z., Kozłowski, S., Lemon, C., Anguita, T., Greiner, J., Auger, M. W., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Apostolovski, Y., Bolmer, J., Udalski, A., et al. (2018) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/sty259 · Cited by 18
“…2002; Kochanek & Dalal 2004; Vegetti et al. 2010), the evolution of galaxies (e.g. Koopmans et al. 2006; Kostrzewa-Rutkowska et al. 2014; Oldham et al. 2017), and the properties of dark energy (e.g. Link & Pierce 1998; Zhu 2000; Suyu et al. 2010; Collett et al. 2012), just to mention a few.”
BackgroundSelf-citationNear-IR search for lensed supernovae behind galaxy clusters
Riehm, T., Mörtsell, E., Goobar, A., Amanullah, R., Dahlén, T., Jönsson, J., Limousin, M., Paech, K., & Richard, J. (2011) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201117196 · Cited by 18
“If a SN is strongly lensed, a measurement of the time delay between the transient in the multiple images could potentially constrain the Hubble parameter (Refsdal 1964), and thus dark matter and dark energy parameters (Goobar et al. 2002; Mörtsell & Sunesson 2006; Suyu et al. 2010).”
BackgroundEuclid : A complete Einstein ring in NGC 6505
O’Riordan, C. M., Oldham, L. J., Nersesian, A., Li, T., Collett, T. E., Sluse, D., Altieri, B., Clément, B., Vasan, K. G. C., Rhoades, S., et al. (2025) · Astronomy & Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202453014 · Cited by 17
Aghamousa, A., & Shafieloo, A. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/804/1/39 · Cited by 17
“…lens systems and also there have been programs in long-term observations of the multiple images of some strong lensing systems in order to estimate time delays between the multiple images (Oguri 2007; Suyu et al. 2009; Courbin, F. et al. 2011; Suyu et al. 2010; Fadely et al. 2010; Linder 2011).”
BackgroundComparison of cosmological models using standard rulers and candles
Li, X., Cao, S., Zheng, X., Li, S., & Biesiada, M. (2016) · Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1088/1674-4527/16/5/084 · Cited by 17
“Strong lensing time delays have recently developed into a promising new technique to constrain cosmological parameters – beginning with the Hubble constant (Suyu et al. 2010).”
BackgroundFriedmann–Robertson–Walker accelerating Universe with interactive dark energy
Goswami, G. K., Pradhan, A., & Beesham, A. (2019) · Pramana · doi:10.1007/s12043-019-1856-6 · Cited by 17
Testing Cosmic Opacity with the Combination of Strongly Lensed and Unlensed Supernova Ia
Ma, Y.-B., Cao, S., Zhang, J., Qi, J., Liu, T., Liu, Y., & Geng, S. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab50c4 · Cited by 19
“Second, in a system with lensed SNe Ia image quality typical of the HST observations, the recovery of the relevant parameters with state-of-the-art lens modeling techniques (Suyu et al. 2010, 2012) make it possible to precisely determine the lens potential.”
MethodLyu, M.-Z., Haridasu, B. S., Viel, M., & Xia, J. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aba756 · Cited by 17
Wertz, O., Orthen, B., & Schneider, P. (2018) · Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201732240/pdf · Cited by 17
Gravitational lens system SDSS J1339+1310: microlensing factory and time delay
Goicoechea, L. J., & Shalyapin, V. N. (2016) · Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201628790/pdf · Cited by 17
Asymptotical null structure of an electro-vacuum spacetime with a cosmological constant
He, X., Cao, Z., & Jing, J. (2016) · International Journal of Modern Physics D · doi:10.1142/s0218271816500863 · Cited by 17
Holanda, R. F. L., Pereira, S. H., & Jain, D. (2017) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stx1791 · Cited by 17
“In this context, Suyu et al. (2010, 2013) obtained a value of H0 = 70.6± 3.1 km/s/Mpc for B1608+656 system and H0 = 78.7 +4.3 −4.5 km/s/Mpc for RXJ11311231.”
MethodInfluentialA Spectroscopic Survey of the Fields of 28 Strong Gravitational Lenses: Implications for H0
Wilson, M. L., Zabludoff, A. I., Keeton, C. R., Wong, K. C., Williams, K. A., French, K. D., & Momcheva, I. G. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa9653 · Cited by 16
“…for systems with quasar sources (Refsdal 1964; Schechter et al. 1997; Keeton & Kochanek 1997; Koopmans et al. 2003; Saha et al. 2006; Oguri 2007; Suyu et al. 2010, 2013; Rathna Kumar et al. 2015; Birrer et al. 2016; Chen et al. 2016; Bonvin et al. 2017; Wong et al. 2017) and the dark energy…”
BackgroundLiu, T., & Liao, K. (2024) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stae119 · Cited by 17
Qi, J.-Z., Jiang, Y., Hou, W.-T., & Zhang, X. (2025) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad9de4 · Cited by 16
Barnabè, M., Auger, M. W., Treu, T., Koopmans, L. V. E., Bolton, A. S., Czoske, O., & Gavazzi, R. (2010) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16881.x · Cited by 16
“…to constrain internal mass distribution of the deflector is limited, chiefly by the mass-sheet and mass-slope degeneracies (Falco et al. 1985; Wucknitz 2002), although the latter can be partially overcome by studying spatially extended lensed sources (e.g. Warren& Dye 2003; Suyu et al. 2010).”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationSpectroscopy and high-resolution imaging of the gravitational lens SDSS J1206+4332
Agnello, A., Sonnenfeld, A., Suyu, S. H., Treu, T., Fassnacht, C. D., Mason, C. A., Bradač, M., & Auger, M. W. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw529 · Cited by 16
Self-citationKamieneski, P. S., Frye, B., Windhorst, R. A., Harrington, K. C., Yun, M. S., Noble, A., Pascale, M., Foo, N., Cohen, S. H., Jansen, R. A., et al. (2024) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad5d59 · Cited by 15
Zhang, H., Liu, Y., Yu, H., Nong, X., Liang, N., & Wu, P. (2024) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stae1120 · Cited by 15
Low-redshift measurement of the sound horizon through gravitational time-delays
Arendse, N., Agnello, A., & Wojtak, R. (2019) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935972 · Cited by 15
Low-redshift measurement of the sound horizon through gravitational time-delays
Arendse, N., Agnello, A., & Wojtak, R. (2019) · Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935972/pdf · Cited by 15
Distance probes of dark energy
Kim, A., Padmanabhan, N., Aldering, G., Allen, S. W., Baltay, C., Cahn, R. N., D’Andrea, C. B., Dalal, N., Dawson, K., Denney, K. D., et al. (2014) · Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2014.05.007 · Cited by 15
“Current blind analyses of time delay distances [152, 153, 154] demonstrate the maturing power of strong lensing as a dark energy probe.”
The rates and time-delay distribution of multiply imaged supernovae behind lensing clusters
Li, X., Hjorth, J., & Richard, J. (2012) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2012/11/015 · Cited by 15
Holanda, R. F. L., Cunha, J. V., Marassi, L., & Lima, J. A. S. (2012) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2012/02/035 · Cited by 15
Lensing and dynamics in two simple steps
Agnello, A., Auger, M. W., & Evans, N. W. (2012) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters · doi:10.1093/mnrasl/sls020 · Cited by 15
“We use the same data as Suyu et al (2010) (σ = 260 ± 15 in a 0.42′′ aperture, the effective radius is 0.6′′, and the Einstein radius of the main lens is 0.83′′) to obtain γ = 2.39 ± 0.09 for the uncorrected estimate and γ = 2.14 ± 0.06 ± 0.11 including aperture corrections.”
MethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationThe Importance of Secondary Halos for Strong Lensing in Massive Galaxy Clusters across Redshift
Li, N., Gladders, M. D., Heitmann, K., Rangel, E. M., Child, H. L., Florian, M., Bleem, L. E., Habib, S., & Finkel, H. J. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab1f74 · Cited by 15
Galaxy mass profiles from strong lensing I: the circular power-law model
O’Riordan, C. M., Warren, S. J., & Mortlock, D. J. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1603 · Cited by 15
“…measurement of the mass profile of the lensing galaxy is central to the determination of the Hubble constant from measured time delays (Birrer et al. 2018; Oguri & Kawano 2003; Rusu et al. 2017; Sluse et al. 2017; Sonnenfeld 2018; Suyu et al. 2010, 2017; Wong et al. 2017, 2018; Xu et al. 2016).”
BackgroundStrongly lensed supernovae as a self-sufficient probe of the distance duality relation
Renzi, F., Hogg, N. B., Martinelli, M., & Nesseris, S. (2021) · Physics of the Dark Universe · doi:10.1016/j.dark.2021.100824 · Cited by 20
Gomer, M. R., Sluse, D., de Vyvere, L. V., Birrer, S., & Courbin, F. (2022) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244324 · Cited by 14
Time delay induced by plasma in strong lens systems
Бисноватый-Коган, Г. С., & Tsupko, O. Y. (2023) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stad2030 · Cited by 14
TDCOSMO: XIX. Measuring stellar velocity dispersion with sub-percent accuracy for cosmography
Knabel, S., Mozumdar, P., Shajib, A. J., Treu, T., Cappellari, M., Spiniello, C., & Birrer, S. (2025) · Astronomy & Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202554229 · Cited by 14
Self-citationSDSS J133401.39+331534.3: A NEW SUBARCSECOND GRAVITATIONALLY LENSED QUASAR
Rusu, C. E., Oguri, M., Inada, N., Kayo, I., Iye, M., Hayano, Y., Oya, S., Hattori, M., Saito, Y., Ito, M., et al. (2011) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/738/1/30 · Cited by 14
“Moreover, the statistics of lensed quasars, as well as measurements of time delays between lensed images, provide independent constraints on cosmological parameters (e.g., Chae et al. 2002; Oguri 2007; Oguri et al. 2008; Suyu et al. 2010).”
BackgroundBarrow entropic quintessence and dilation dark energy models with generalized HDE cut-off
Garg, P., Bhardwaj, V. K., & Pradhan, A. (2022) · International Journal of Modern Physics A · doi:10.1142/s0217751x22502177 · Cited by 14
“6 Observational constraints on model parameters Numerous authors estimated the Hubble constant in the range of 67 to 74 by utilizing the observational data of Hubble Telescope [59], “Cepheid variable observations [60,61]”, “WMAP seven-year data [62]”, and other sources [63,64,67–69].”
MethodDu, S.-S., Wei, J.-J., You, Z.-Q., Chen, Z.-C., Zhu, Z., & Liang, E. (2023) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stad696 · Cited by 14
Wells, P., Fassnacht, C. D., & Rusu, C. E. (2023) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202346093 · Cited by 14
Self-citationThird quantization of f ( R )-type gravity
Ohkuwa, Y., & Ezawa, Y. (2012) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/29/21/215004 · Cited by 14
The Scales of Gravitational Lensing
Paolis, F. D., Giordano, M., INGROSSO, G., Manni, L., Nucita, A., & Strafella, F. (2016) · Universe · doi:10.3390/universe2010006 · Cited by 14
“At present, one of the most accurate measurement of the Hubble constant using a gravitational lens is provided in [39].”
Galaxy mass profiles from strong lensing II: The elliptical power-law model
O’Riordan, C. M., Warren, S. J., & Mortlock, D. J. (2020) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1697 · Cited by 14
“…a gravitational lens is important in at least four areas of astronomy: i) the determination of the Hubble constant using the time-delay method (e.g. Suyu et al. 2010); ii) the detection of mass substructure in galaxy haloes (e.g. Vegetti et al. 2014); iii) the accurate measurement of the…”
MethodDiscovery of the optically bright, wide separation double quasar SDSS J1442+4055
Sergeyev, A. V., Zheleznyak, A. P., Shalyapin, V. N., & Goicoechea, L. J. (2015) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stv2763 · Cited by 13
“For example, time delays of GLQs are used to estimate cosmological parameters, primarily the current expansion rate of the Universe (the so-called Hubble constant; Oguri 2007; Suyu et al. 2010, 2013; Sereno & Paraficz 2014; Rathna Kumar, Stalin & Prabhu 2015).”
MethodBreaking the mass-sheet degeneracy in strong lensing mass modelling with weak lensing observations
Khadka, N., Birrer, S., Leauthaud, A., & Nix, H. (2024) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stae1832 · Cited by 13
Cosmic distance duality relation in light of time-delayed strong gravitational lensing*
Tang, L., Lin, H.-N., & 吴, Y. 英. W. (2024) · Chinese Physics C · doi:10.1088/1674-1137/ad83a8 · Cited by 13
Qi, J.-Z., Hu, W.-H., Cui, Y., Zhang, J.-F., & Zhang, X. (2022) · Universe · doi:10.3390/universe8050254 · Cited by 13
FRW dark energy cosmological model with hybrid expansion law
Goswami, G. K., Pradhan, A., Mishra, M., & Beesham, A. (2019) · New Astronomy · doi:10.1016/j.newast.2019.101284 · Cited by 13
Grillo, C., Christensen, L., Gallazzi, A., & Rasmussen, J. (2013) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stt930 · Cited by 13
“…et al. 2011), and tilt of the Fundamental Plane (e.g., Grillo et al. 2009; Grillo & Gobat 2010) of massive early-type galaxies and the investigation of the values of the cosmological parameters (e.g., Grillo, Lombardi & Bertin 2008; Schwab, Bolton & Rappaport 2010; Suyu et al. 2010, 2013).”
BackgroundEichner, T., Seitz, S., & Bauer, A. (2012) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22003.x · Cited by 12
“Strong gravitational lensing in early-type galaxies has also proved to be a powerful cosmological tool to probe the geometry of the universe independently of other diagnostics (e.g. Grillo, Lombardi & Bertin 2008a; Suyu et al. 2009, 2010).”
BackgroundHubble Constant from LSST Strong-lens Time Delays with Microlensing Systematics
Liao, K. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaf733 · Cited by 12
“…with the observation of central velocity dispersion of the lens galaxy, the lensed host galaxy, and the AGN image positions(Treu & Koopmans 2002; Suyu et al. 2010; Wong et al. 2017) while the later comes from the measurements of the line of sight mass distribution with spectroscopy and…”
BackgroundSchneider, P. (2019) · Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424881/pdf · Cited by 12
Cosmic time slip: Testing gravity on supergalactic scales with strong-lensing time delays
Jyoti, D., Muñoz, J. B., Caldwell, R. R., & Kamionkowski, M. (2019) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.100.043031 · Cited by 14
“[69, 70] are obtained by combining simulations with the observed external shear in each system, to obtain the component due to the lens as”
MethodDux, F., Millon, M., Galan, A., Paic, E., Lemon, C., Courbin, F., Bonvin, V., Anguita, T., Auger, M. W., Birrer, S., et al. (2025) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202553807 · Cited by 11
Self-citationSTRONGLY LENSED JETS, TIME DELAYS, AND THE VALUE OFH0
Barnacka, A., Geller, M. J., Dell'Antonio, I. P., & Benbow, W. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/799/1/48 · Cited by 11
Metadata
- Authors
- Suyu, S. H., Marshall, P. J., Auger, M. W., Hilbert, S., Blandford, R. D., Koopmans, L. V. E., Fassnacht, C. D., & Treu, T.
- Affiliations
- University of Bonn (DE)
- University of California, Santa Barbara (US)
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (US)
- University of Groningen (NL)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Suyu, S. H.
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Astrophysical Journal
- Publisher
- American Astronomical Society
- Published
- 2010-02-10
- Volume
- 711
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 201-221
- ISSN
- 0004-637X (ISSN-L)
- 1538-4357
- OpenAlex
- W2143112358
- Cited by
- 454
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 16.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Astrophysical Journal (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (0444059, 0642621, DE-AC02-76SF00515, CAREER, NAS 5-26555)
- U.S. Department of Energy (76SF00515, DE–AC02–76SF00515, AC02‐76SF00515, NAS 5-26555, DE-AC02-)
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NAS 526555, 526555)
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- Space Telescope Science Institute (NAS5- 26555, 5-26555, 26555)
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DE-AC02-76SF00515, NAS 5-26555)
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (10158)
- Science and Technology Facilities Council (ST/H00243X/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
- Keywords
- strong gravitational lensing, Hubble constant, time-delay distance, dark energy equation of state, spatial curvature, lens mass profile, external convergence, velocity dispersion, interstellar extinction, cosmological parameter constraints, Bayesian analysis
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