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DISSECTING THE GRAVITATIONAL LENS B1608+656. II. PRECISION MEASUREMENTS OF THE HUBBLE CONSTANT, SPATIAL CURVATURE, AND THE DARK ENERGY EQUATION OF STATE
Open accessAbstract
Strong gravitational lens systems with measured time delays between the multiple images provide a method for measuring the "time-delay distance" to the lens, and thus the Hubble constant. We present a Bayesian analysis of the strong gravitational lens system B1608+656, incorporating (1) new, deep Hubble Space Telescope ( HST ) observations, (2) a new velocity-dispersion measurement of 260 ± 15 km s −1 for the primary lens galaxy, and (3) an updated study of the lens' environment. Our analysis of the HST images takes into account the extended source surface brightness, and the dust extinction and optical emission by the interacting lens galaxies. When modeling the stellar dynamics of the primary lens galaxy, the lensing effect, and the environment of the lens, we explicitly include the total mass distribution profile logarithmic slope γ' and the external convergence κ ext ; we marginalize over these parameters, assigning well-motivated priors for them, and so turn the major systematic errors into statistical ones. The HST images provide one such prior, constraining the lens mass density profile logarithmic slope to be γ' = 2.08 ± 0.03; a combination of numerical simulations and photometric observations of the B1608+656 field provides an estimate of the prior for κ ext : 0.10 +0.08 −0.05 . This latter distribution dominates the final uncertainty on H 0 . Fixing the cosmological parameters at Ω m = 0.3, Ω Λ = 0.7, and w = −1 in order to compare with previous work on this system, we find H 0 = 70.6 +3.1 −3.1 km s −1 Mpc −1 . The new data provide an increase in precision of more than a factor of 2, even including the marginalization over κ ext . Relaxing the prior probability density function for the cosmological parameters to that derived from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe ( WMAP ) five-year data set, we find that the B1608+656 data set breaks the degeneracy between Ω m and Ω Λ at w = −1 and constrains the curvature parameter to be −0.031 < Ω k < 0.009 (95% CL), a level of precision comparable to that afforded by the current Type Ia SNe sample. Asserting a flat spatial geometry, we find that, in combination with WMAP , H 0 = 69.7 +4.9 −5.0 km s −1 Mpc −1 and w = −0.94 +0.17 −0.19 (68% CL), suggesting that the observations of B1608+656 constrain w as tightly as the current Baryon Acoustic Oscillation data do.
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“Time delays of galaxy-scale lensed quasars will allow one to measure Hubble ' s constant ( e.g., Suyu et al. 2010; Bonvin et al. 2017 ) in hundreds of systems; subpercentlevel precision in H ( z ) should be achievable ( Coe & Moustakas 2009; Treu & Marshall 2016 ) , providing a further independent dark energy probe.”
From LSST: From Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products (2019) · cites this paper as Suyu et al. 2010
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SEVEN-YEAR WILKINSON MICROWAVE ANISOTROPY PROBE(WMAP) OBSERVATIONS: COSMOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION
Komatsu, E., Smith, K. M., Dunkley, J., Bennett, C. L., Gold, B., Hinshaw, G., Jarosik, N., Larson, D., Nolta, M. R., Page, L., et al. (2011) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.1088/0067-0049/192/2/18 · Cited by 8,802
“Using WMAP+BAO+H0, we find w = −1.10 ± 0.14 (68% CL), which improves to w = −1.08 ± 0.13 (68% CL) if we add the time-delay distance out to the lens system B1608+656 (Suyu et al. 2010, see Section 3.2.5).”
BackgroundInfluentialLSST: From Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products
Ivezić, Ž., Kahn, S. M., Tyson, J. A., Abel, B., Acosta, E., Allsman, R., Alonso, D., AlSayyad, Y., Anderson, S. F., Andrew, J., et al. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab042c · Cited by 4,357
“• Time delays of galaxy-scale lensed quasars will allow one to measure Hubble’s constant (e.g. Suyu et al. 2010) in hundreds or thousands of systems; subpercent level precision in H(z) should be achievable (Coe & Moustakas 2009), providing a further independent dark energy probe.”
BackgroundSelf-citationObservational probes of cosmic acceleration
Weinberg, D. H., Mortonson, M. J., Eisenstein, D. J., Hirata, C. M., Riess, A. G., & Rozo, E. (2013) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2013.05.001 · Cited by 1,520
“In the best cases, distance scale constraints at the ∼ 5% level, after marginalizing over uncertainties in the mass distribution, are achievable for an individual lens (e.g., Suyu et al. 2010, 2012a).”
Wong, K., Suyu, S., Chen, G., Rusu, C., Millon, M., Sluse, D., Bonvin, V., Fassnacht, C., Taubenberger, S., Auger, M., et al. (2019) · Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3094 · Cited by 966
“Lens name D t (Mpc) Dd (Mpc) Blind analysis References B1608+656 5156+296−236 1228+177−151 No Suyu et al. (2010), Jee et al. (2019) RXJ1131−1231 2096+98−83 804+141−112 Yesa Suyu et al. (2014), Chen et al. (2019) HE 0435−1223 2707+183−168 —”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationChallenges for Λ CDM: An update
Perivolaropoulos, L., & Skara, F. (2022) · New Astronomy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.newar.2022.101659 · Cited by 1,130
Li, M., Li, X.-D., Wang, S., & Wang, Y. (2011) · Communications in Theoretical Physics · doi:10.1088/0253-6102/56/3/24 · Cited by 896
Auger, M. W., Treu, T., Bolton, A. S., Gavazzi, R., Koopmans, L. V. E., Marshall, P. J., Moustakas, L. A., & Burles, S. M. (2010) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/724/1/511 · Cited by 570
“Details of how the fits are implemented can be found in Suyu et al. (2009) (also see Koopmans et al. 2006, 2009), although for this analysis we only use our baseline models, characterized by a Hernquist (1990) model for the stellar distribution and no anisotropy of the stellar orbits.”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationTreu, T. (2010) · Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-081309-130924 · Cited by 503
Self-citationBonvin, V., Courbin, F., Suyu, S. H., Marshall, P. J., Rusu, C. E., Sluse, D., Tewes, M., Wong, K. C., Collett, T., Fassnacht, C. D., et al. (2017) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw3006 · Cited by 457
“…by Suyu et al. (2010) and Suyu et al. (2013), re-weighting the WMAP and Planck posterior samples with the TDSL likelihoods from the analyses of B1608+656 (Suyu et al. 2010), RXJ1131−1231 (Suyu et al. 2014) and HE 0435−1223 (H0LiCOW Paper IV), for the set cosmological models described in Table 2.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationBartelmann, M. (2010) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/27/23/233001 · Cited by 495
“From a detailed modelling of the same lens system, it is derived in [467] that H0 = 70.”
MethodGravitationally lensed quasars and supernovae in future wide-field optical imaging surveys
Oguri, M., & Marshall, P. J. (2010) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16639.x · Cited by 389
“Indeed, the feasibility of this has been nicely demonstrated, by e.g. Suyu et al. (2010) for B1608+656 and Fadely et al. (2010) for Q0957+561.”
BackgroundSelf-citationTHE CONNECTION BETWEEN GALAXIES AND DARK MATTER STRUCTURES IN THE LOCAL UNIVERSE
Reddick, R., Wechsler, R. H., Tinker, J. L., & Behroozi, P. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/771/1/30 · Cited by 411
“…the precise determination of galaxy bias required for clustering and lensing constraints, understanding the galaxy content of clusters for cluster cosmology (Rozo et al. 2010; Tinker et al. 2012), and modeling the mass along the line of sight to strong lensing time delays (Suyu et al. 2010).”
BackgroundTHE ATACAMA COSMOLOGY TELESCOPE: COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS FROM THE 2008 POWER SPECTRUM
Dunkley, J., Hložek, R., Sievers, J. L., Acquaviva, V., Ade, P. A. R., Aguirre, P., Amiri, M., Appel, J. W., Barrientos, L. F., Battistelli, E. S., et al. (2011) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/739/1/52 · Cited by 404
“…astronomical data including Type Ia supernova (Hicken et al. 2009; Kessler et al. 2009), galaxy cluster measurements (Vikhlinin et al. 2009; Mantz et al. 2010b; Rozo et al. 2010) and gravitational lensing observations (Massey et al. 2007; Fu et al. 2008; Schrabback et al. 2010; Suyu et al. 2010).”
BackgroundBirrer (2020) · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202038861 · Cited by 396
Self-citationEvidence of the accelerated expansion of the Universe from weak lensing tomography with COSMOS
Schrabback, T., Hartlap, J., Joachimi, B., Kilbinger, M., Simon, P., Benabed, K., Bradač, M., Eifler, T. F., Erben, T., Fassnacht, C. D., et al. (2010) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200913577 · Cited by 372
Self-citationTWO ACCURATE TIME-DELAY DISTANCES FROM STRONG LENSING: IMPLICATIONS FOR COSMOLOGY
Suyu, S. H., Auger, M. W., Hilbert, S., Marshall, P. J., Tewes, M., Treu, T., Fassnacht, C. D., Koopmans, L. V. E., Sluse, D., Blandford, R. D., et al. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/766/2/70 · Cited by 366
“…σ P(π , γ ′, θE, rani, κext), from ρG by assuming the Hernquist profile (Hernquist 1990) for the stellar distribution (e.g., Binney & Tremaine 1987; Suyu et al. 2010).16 An anisotropy radius of rani = 0 corresponds to pure radial stellar orbits, while rani → ∞ corresponds to isotropic…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationBirrer, S., Treu, T., Rusu, C. E., Bonvin, V., Fassnacht, C. D., Chan, J. H. H., Agnello, A., Shajib, A. J., Chen, G. C.-F., Auger, M. W., et al. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz200 · Cited by 365
Self-citationThe Atacama Cosmology Telescope: cosmological parameters from three seasons of data
Sievers, J. L., Hložek, R., Nolta, M. R., Acquaviva, V., Addison, G. E., Ade, P. A. R., Aguirre, P., Amiri, M., Appel, J. W., Barrientos, L. F., et al. (2013) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2013/10/060 · Cited by 352
H0LiCOW – I. H0 Lenses in COSMOGRAIL's Wellspring: program overview
Suyu, S. H., Bonvin, V., Courbin, F., Fassnacht, C. D., Rusu, C. E., Sluse, D., Treu, T., Wong, K. C., Auger, M. W., Ding, X., et al. (2017) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stx483 · Cited by 347
“Details of the LRIS observations for B1608+656 are in Suyu et al. (2010), for RXJ1131−1231 are in Suyu et al. (2013), and for HE0435−1223 are in H0LiCOW Paper IV; other observations are in forthcoming publications.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationDark energy two decades after: observables, probes, consistency tests
Dragan Huterer, A., & Shafer, D. L. (2017) · Reports on Progress in Physics · doi:10.1088/1361-6633/aa997e · Cited by 328
lenstronomy: Multi-purpose gravitational lens modelling software package
Birrer, S., & Amara, A. (2018) · Physics of the Dark Universe · doi:10.1016/j.dark.2018.11.002 · Cited by 324
“There are different approaches in the literature that perform different types of semi-linear inversions (e.g. Suyu et al., 2006; Vegetti and Koopmans, 2009; Tagore and Keeton, 2014; Birrer et al., 2015; Nightingale and Dye, 2015).”
BackgroundEfstathiou, G. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu278 · Cited by 319
“In addition, other programmes are underway using geometrical methods, for example the Megamaser Cosmology Project (MCP) (Reid et al. 2013; Braatz et al. 2013) and the Cosmological Monitoring of Gravitational Lenses (COSMOGRAIL) project (Suyu et al. 2010, Courbin et al. 2011; Trewes et al. 2013).”
MethodUnveiling the Universe with emerging cosmological probes
Moresco, M., Amati, L., Amendola, L., Birrer, S., Blakeslee, J. P., Cantiello, M., Cimatti, A., Darling, J., Valle, M. D., Fishbach, M., et al. (2022) · Living Reviews in Relativity · doi:10.1007/s41114-022-00040-z · Cited by 380
THE CENTRAL SLOPE OF DARK MATTER CORES IN DWARF GALAXIES: SIMULATIONS VERSUS THINGS
Oh, S.-H., Brook, C. B., Governato, F., Brinks, E., Mayer, L., de Blok, W. J. G., Brooks, A. M., & Walter, F. (2011) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-6256/142/1/24 · Cited by 290
“…M200 as follows, M200 [M⊙]=200× 3H20 8πG × 4πR3200 3 ≃ 100× H20 G × ( V200 10H0 )3 ≃ 3.29× 105 × V 3200, (3) where H0 is the Hubble constant (70.6 kms −1Mpc−1; Suyu et al. 2010), G is the gravitational constant (4.3× 10−3 pcM−1⊙ km 2 s−2) and V200 in km s −1 is the rotation velocity at…”
InfluentialConstraints on the Cosmic Expansion History from GWTC–3
Abbott, R., Abe, H., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adhikari, N., Adhikari, R. X., Adkins, V. K., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agarwal, D., et al. (2023) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac74bb · Cited by 260
Treu, T., & Marshall, P. J. (2016) · The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review · doi:10.1007/s00159-016-0096-8 · Cited by 247
“Suyu et al. (2010) attempted to solve these problems by comparing the B1608 + 656 field with a large number of fields with similar galaxy number overdensity drawn from the Millennium Simulation, modeling the line of sight effects with a single external convergence parameter and accepting a somewhat…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationChen, G. C.-F., Fassnacht, C. D., Suyu, S. H., Rusu, C. E., Chan, J. H. H., Wong, K. C., Auger, M. W., Hilbert, S., Bonvin, V., Birrer, S., et al. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2547 · Cited by 243
Self-citationSchneider, P., & Sluse, D. (2013) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321882 · Cited by 241
“Therefore, the accuracy of H0 claimed in Suyu et al. (2010, 2013a) is not due to MSD breaking by stellar dynamical information.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialShajib, A. J., Birrer, S., Treu, T., Agnello, A., Buckley‐Geer, E., Chan, J. H. H., Christensen, L., Lemon, C., Lin, H., Millon, M., et al. (2020) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/staa828 · Cited by 251
Self-citationMillon, M., Galan, A., Courbin, F., Treu, T., Suyu, S. H., Ding, X., Birrer, S., Chen, G. C.-F., Shajib, A. J., Sluse, D., et al. (2020) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937351 · Cited by 251
Self-citationSonnenfeld, A., Treu, T., Gavazzi, R., Suyu, S. H., Marshall, P. J., Auger, M. W., & Nipoti, C. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/777/2/98 · Cited by 223
“This is done in practice with a Monte Carlo Markov Chain adaptation of the velocity dispersion fitting code by van der Marel (1994), written by M. W. Auger and described by Suyu et al. (2010).”
MethodSelf-citationWong, K. C., Suyu, S. H., Auger, M. W., Bonvin, V., Courbin, F., Fassnacht, C. D., Halkola, A., Rusu, C. E., Sluse, D., Sonnenfeld, A., et al. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw3077 · Cited by 207
“HE 0435−1223 is the third H0LiCOW system analyzed in this manner, following B1608+656 (Suyu et al. 2010) and RXJ1131−1231 (Suyu et al. 2013, 2014).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationCMU DeepLens: deep learning for automatic image-based galaxy–galaxy strong lens finding
Lanusse, F., Ma, Q., Li, N., Collett, T. E., Li, C.-L., Ravanbakhsh, S., Mandelbaum, R., & Póczos, B. (2018) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stx1665 · Cited by 191
The halos of satellite galaxies: the companion of the massive elliptical lens SL2S J08544−0121
Suyu, S. H., & Halkola, A. (2010) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015481 · Cited by 189
“The main reason for the full t-degeneracy is that the model profile cannot accurately reproduce the simulated arcs because the relative thickness in the extended images is sensitive to the slope (e.g., Dye & Warren 2005; Dye et al. 2008; Suyu et al. 2010).”
BackgroundSelf-citationFinding strong gravitational lenses in the Kilo Degree Survey with Convolutional Neural Networks
Petrillo, C. E., Tortora, C., Chatterjee, S., Vernardos, G., Koopmans, L. V. E., Kleijn, G. V., Napolitano, N. R., Covone, G., Schneider, P., Grado, A., et al. (2017) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2052 · Cited by 199
Self-citationDoes Hubble tension signal a breakdown in FLRW cosmology?
Krishnan, C., Mohayaee, R., Colgáin, E. Ó., Sheikh-Jabbari, M. M., & Yin, L. (2021) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/1361-6382/ac1a81 · Cited by 179
Sonnenfeld, A., Treu, T., Gavazzi, R., Marshall, P. J., Auger, M. W., Suyu, S. H., Koopmans, L. V. E., & Bolton, A. S. (2012) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/752/2/163 · Cited by 169
“This operation is carried out with a Monte Carlo Markov Chain approach, using a code developed by M. W. Auger, and described by Suyu et al. (2010).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationMore, A., Cabanac, R., More, S., Alard, C., Limousin, M., Kneib, J., Gavazzi, R., & Motta, V. (2012) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/749/1/38 · Cited by 173
“…lensing halos (e.g., More et al. 2009a; Suyu & Halkola 2010; Vegetti et al. 2010a,b), accurate measurements of the Hubble constant (e.g., Coles 2008; Suyu et al. 2010), constraints on the stellar initial mass function (e.g., Treu et al. 2010; Ferreras et al. 2010; Sonnenfeld et al. 2011),…”
COSMOLOGY WITH STRONG-LENSING SYSTEMS
Cao, S., Biesiada, M., Gavazzi, R., Piórkowska, A., & Zhu, Z. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/806/2/185 · Cited by 163
“However, it has only recently been possible to determine the Hubble constant from lensing time delays with the precision competitive with other techniques (Suyu et al. 2010).”
BackgroundDISENTANGLING BARYONS AND DARK MATTER IN THE SPIRAL GRAVITATIONAL LENS B1933+503
Suyu, S. H., Hensel, S. W., McKean, J. P., Fassnacht, C. D., Treu, T., Halkola, A., Norbury, M. A., Jackson, N. J., Schneider, P., Thompson, D., et al. (2012) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/750/1/10 · Cited by 163
“…acoustic oscillations, and gravitational lens time delays indicate that our universe is well described by a model comprised of cold dark matter and dark energy (see, e.g., Komatsu et al. 2011; Suzuki et al. 2012; Mantz et al. 2010; Schrabback et al. 2010; Blake et al. 2011; Suyu et al. 2010).”
BackgroundSelf-citationSonnenfeld, A., Treu, T., Marshall, P. J., Suyu, S. H., Gavazzi, R., Auger, M. W., & Nipoti, C. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/800/2/94 · Cited by 170
“…up the computation, we sample the likelihood term beforehand for each galaxy and then perform the integrals in Equation 4 via Monte Carlo integration at each step of the chain, evaluating the integrand by importance sampling (see e.g. Suyu et al. 2010; Busha et al. 2011, and references therein).”
MethodSelf-citationGRAVITATIONAL LENS MODELING WITH BASIS SETS
Birrer, S., Amara, A., & Refregier, A. R. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/813/2/102 · Cited by 185
“Pixelised source surface brightness inversions have been proposed by e.g. Wallington et al. (1996); Warren & Dye (2003); Treu & Koopmans (2004); Dye & Warren (2005); Koopmans (2005); Brewer & Lewis (2006); Suyu et al. (2006); Wayth & Webster (2006); Suyu et al. (2010).”
BackgroundTHE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY QUASAR LENS SEARCH. V. FINAL CATALOG FROM THE SEVENTH DATA RELEASE
Inada, N., Oguri, M., Shin, M.-S., Kayo, I., Strauss, M. A., Morokuma, T., Rusu, C. E., Fukugita, M., Kochanek, C. S., Richards, G. T., et al. (2012) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-6256/143/5/119 · Cited by 154
“Moreover, time delays between multiple images of quasars provide additional information on cosmological parameters and the structure of the lens galaxies (e.g., Kochanek 2002; Saha et al. 2006; Oguri 2007; Keeton & Moustakas 2009; Suyu et al. 2010; Paraficz & Hjorth 2010; Courbin et al. 2011).”
BackgroundCOSMOGRAIL: the COSmological MOnitoring of GRAvItational Lenses
Tewes, M., Courbin, F., Meylan, G. L., Kochanek, C. S., Eulaers, E., Cantale, N., Mosquera, A. M., Magain, P., Winckel, H. V., Sluse, D., et al. (2013) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220352 · Cited by 150
“Suyu et al. (2009, 2010) convincingly show that it is possible to control the effects of model degeneracies in the case of B1608+656, a quadruply imaged quasar with accurate radio time delays (Fassnacht et al. 2002).”
BackgroundCaminha, G. B., Grillo, C., Rosati, P., Balestra, I., Karman, W., Lombardi, M. J., Mercurio, A., Nonino, M., Tozzi, P., Zitrin, A., et al. (2016) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527670 · Cited by 160
“On galaxy scales, detailed strong lensing models of background, multiply-imaged quasars (e.g. Suyu et al. 2010, 2013) and sources at different redshifts (e.g. Collett & Auger 2014), and analyses of statistically significant samples of strong lenses (e.g. Grillo et al. 2008; Schwab et al. 2010) have…”
BackgroundSelf-citationDark Energy: Investigation and Modeling
Tsujikawa, S. (2011) · Astrophysics and space science library · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-8685-3_8 · Cited by 213
Cosmological constraints from the double source plane lens SDSSJ0946+1006
Collett, T. E., & Auger, M. W. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu1190 · Cited by 140
“…tool to test cosmological models (Witt, Mao, & Keeton 2000; Kochanek 2002; Saha & Williams 2003; Schechter 2005; Oguri 2007; Oguri et al. 2012; Suyu et al. 2010, 2013; Collett et al. 2012), due to its sensitivity on the distances between components of the lens system (e.g., the observer, the…”
MethodSelf-citationSpeed of Gravitational Waves from Strongly Lensed Gravitational Waves and Electromagnetic Signals
Fan, X.-L., Liao, K., Biesiada, M., Piórkowska-Kurpas, A., & Zhu, Z. (2017) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.118.091102 · Cited by 136
THE MEGAMASER COSMOLOGY PROJECT. IV. A DIRECT MEASUREMENT OF THE HUBBLE CONSTANT FROM UGC 3789
Reid, M. J., Braatz, J. A., Condon, J. J., Lo, K. Y., Kuo, C., Impellizzeri, C. M. V., & Henkel, C. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/767/2/154 · Cited by 134
“This information can come from type Ia supernovae, galaxy clustering, gravitational lensing, and baryon acoustic oscillations (e.g. Riess et al. (2011); Bonamente et al. (2006); Suyu et al. (2010); Reid et al. (2010)).”
BackgroundCOSMOGRAIL: the COSmological MOnitoring of GRAvItational Lenses
Tewes, M., Courbin, F., & Meylan, G. L. (2013) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220123 · Cited by 134
“Measured time delays, in combination with deep HST imaging and dynamical information on the lensing galaxy lead to competitive measurement of the Hubble constant H0 (e.g., Suyu et al. 2009, 2010).”
MethodRuff, A. J., Gavazzi, R., Marshall, P. J., Treu, T., Auger, M. W., & Brault, F. (2011) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/727/2/96 · Cited by 130
“In practice we do this by importance sampling the COSMOS prior (see e.g. Lewis & Bridle 2002; Suyu et al. 2010, for descriptions of how this process works).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationSonnenfeld, A., Gavazzi, R., Suyu, S. H., Treu, T., & Marshall, P. J. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/777/2/97 · Cited by 127
“…(e.g., Rusin et al. 2003a,b; Koopmans & Treu 2004; Barnabè et al. 2011), the value of the Hubble constant and other cosmological parameters (e.g., Suyu et al. 2010, 2013; Gavazzi et al. 2008), the abundance of mass substructure in galaxies (e.g., Vegetti & Koopmans 2009), the stellar initial…”
BackgroundSelf-citationShajib, A. J., Treu, T., Birrer, S., & Sonnenfeld, A. (2021) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stab536 · Cited by 122
Self-citationThe mass-sheet degeneracy and time-delay cosmography: analysis of the strong lens RXJ1131-1231
Birrer, S., Amara, A., & Refregier, A. R. (2016) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2016/08/020 · Cited by 121
“5 Stellar kinematics We follow the analysis of [21] for the modeling of the stellar velocity dispersion.”
BackgroundMethodShajib, A. J., Birrer, S., Treu, T., Auger, M. W., Agnello, A., Anguita, T., Buckley‐Geer, E., Chan, J. H. H., Collett, T. E., Courbin, F., et al. (2018) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/sty3397 · Cited by 119
“In a gravitational lens, if the background source is time-variable (typically a quasar, but also a supernova as originally proposed), the delay between the arrival time of photons for the different images can be used to measure the so-called time-delay distance (Refsdal 1964; Suyu et al. 2010).”
MethodInfluentialSelf-citationTreu, T., Brammer, G., Diego, J. M., Grillo, C., Kelly, P. L., Oguri, M., Rodney, S. A., Rosati, P., Sharon, K., Zitrin, A., et al. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/0004-637x/817/1/60 · Cited by 119
“Additional uncertainties on the time delay and magnification arise from the inhomogenous distribution of mass along the line of sight (Suyu et al. 2010; Collett et al. 2013; Greene et al. 2013), the mass-sheet degeneracy and its generalizations (Falco et al. 1985; Schneider & Sluse 2013, 2014; Suyu…”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationRusu, C. E., Wong, K. C., Bonvin, V., Sluse, D., Suyu, S. H., Fassnacht, C. D., Chan, J. H. H., Hilbert, S., Auger, M. W., Sonnenfeld, A., et al. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3451 · Cited by 116
“The velocity dispersion was obtained following the same procedure as Suyu et al. (2010, 2013), resulting in an inference of σLOS = 250 km s −1 with a statistical uncertainty of ≈ 10 km s−1.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationCOSMOGRAIL: the COSmological MOnitoring of GRAvItational Lenses
Courbin, F., Chantry, V., Revaz, Y., Sluse, D., Faure, C., Tewes, M., Eulaers, E., Koleva, M., Asfandiyarov, I. M., Dye, S., et al. (2011) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015709 · Cited by 116
“One way of doing this is to use the information contained in the Einstein ring that is formed by the host galaxy of the lensed quasar (Suyu et al. 2010, 2009; Warren & Dye 2003).”
BackgroundMethodCOSMOGRAIL: the COSmological MOnitoring of GRAvItational Lenses
Courbin, F., Bonvin, V., Buckley‐Geer, E., Fassnacht, C. D., Frieman, J. A., Lin, H., Marshall, P. J., Suyu, S. H., Treu, T., Anguita, T., et al. (2017) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731461 · Cited by 115
“Such models, in combination with an estimate of the overall mass along the line of sight (e.g. Hilbert et al. 2009; McCully et al. 2017, 2014; Collett et al. 2013) allow one to measure the time-delay distance and consequently the Hubble parameter, H0 (e.g. Suyu et al. 2010).”
BackgroundSelf-citationRusu, C. E., Fassnacht, C. D., Sluse, D., Hilbert, S., Wong, K. C., Huang, K.-H., Suyu, S. H., Collett, T. E., Marshall, P. J., Treu, T., et al. (2017) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stx285 · Cited by 114
“Inferring cosmological distances from measured time delays also requires accurate models for the mass distribution of the main deflector and its environment, as well as for any other matter structures along the line of sight that may influence the observed images and time delays (Suyu et al. 2010).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationPROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS OF COSMOLOGICAL LENSING: CONVERGENCE, SHEAR, AND MAGNIFICATION
Takahashi, R., Oguri, M., Sato, M., & Hamana, T. (2011) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/742/1/15 · Cited by 111
“The external convergence caused by lensing is also known as one of the most significant sources of systematic effects in constraining the Hubble constant from time delays between quasar images (e.g., Oguri 2007; Suyu et al. 2010).”
BackgroundMicrolensing makes lensed quasar time delays significantly time variable
Tie, S. S., & Kochanek, C. S. (2017) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2348 · Cited by 111
“Current studies are quite optimistic, with Bonvin et al. (2017), based also on Fassnacht et al. (2002), Suyu et al. (2010), Tewes et al. (2013b), and Suyu et al. (2014), claiming a 3.8% measurement of (effectively) H0 based on time delay measurements in 3 lenses.”
BackgroundInfluentialA new hybrid framework to efficiently model lines of sight to gravitational lenses
McCully, C., Keeton, C. R., Wong, K. C., & Zabludoff, A. I. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu1316 · Cited by 106
“The transformation (83) causes differential time delays to be rescaled by T ′ = (1 − κ) T , (85) which is important when using time delays to constrain the Hubble constant (e.g. Fadely et al. 2010; Suyu et al. 2010, 2013).”
BackgroundBennert, V. N., Auger, M. W., Treu, T., Woo, J.-H., & Malkan, M. A. (2010) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/726/2/59 · Cited by 106
“The code uses a Markov-chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation to find the best-fit velocity dispersion and error; see Suyu et al. (2010) for more detailed description of the fitting technique.”
MethodSelf-citationTHE MASS DISTRIBUTION AND ASSEMBLY OF THE MILKY WAY FROM THE PROPERTIES OF THE MAGELLANIC CLOUDS
Busha, M. T., Marshall, P. J., Wechsler, R. H., Klypin, A. A., & Primack, J. R. (2011) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/743/1/40 · Cited by 106
“We compute posterior estimates using importance sampling (see MacKay 2003 for an introduction, and papers by Lewis & Bridle 2002 and Suyu et al. 2010 for example applications in astronomy).”
MethodSelf-citationObservational constraints on Hubble constant and deceleration parameter in power-law cosmology
Kumar, S. (2012) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20810.x · Cited by 106
“An observational determination of the Hubble constant obtained by Suyu et al. (2010) based upon measurements of gravitational lensing by using the HST yielded a value of H0 = 69.7 +4.9 −5.0 km s −1 Mpc−1.”
MethodInfluentialLensing time delays and cosmological complementarity
Linder, E. V. (2011) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.84.123529 · Cited by 105
Effects of plasma on gravitational lensing
Er, X., & Mao, S. (2013) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stt2043 · Cited by 105
“Some analyses use optical observations for image positions and radio observations for the time delay measurement (Fassnacht et al. 2002; Suyu et al. 2010).”
MethodFinding Strong Gravitational Lenses in the DESI DECam Legacy Survey
Huang, X., Storfer, C., Ravi, V., Pilon, A., Domingo, M., Schlegel, D., Bailey, S., Dey, A., Gupta, R., Herrera, D., et al. (2019) · Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab7ffb · Cited by 67
Shajib, A. J., Mozumdar, P., Chen, G. C.-F., Treu, T., Cappellari, M., Knabel, S., Suyu, S. H., Bennert, V. N., Frieman, J. A., Sluse, D., et al. (2023) · Astronomy & Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202345878 · Cited by 104
Self-citationMeasuring the Value of the Hubble Constant “à la Refsdal”
Grillo, C., Rosati, P., Suyu, S. H., Balestra, I., Caminha, G. B., Halkola, A., Kelly, P. L., Lombardi, M., Mercurio, A., Rodney, S. A., et al. (2018) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aac2c9 · Cited by 101
“…φ is the Fermat potential (connected to the gravitational potential of the lens; see Schneider et al. 1992) and D∆t is the time-delay distance (see Suyu et al. 2010), defined as D∆t(zd, zs) = (1 + zd) DdDs Dds , (2) with zd and zs as the redshifts of the deflector and the source,…”
BackgroundSelf-citationQuantifying Environmental and Line-of-sight Effects in Models of Strong Gravitational Lens Systems
McCully, C., Keeton, C. R., Wong, K. C., & Zabludoff, A. I. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/836/1/141 · Cited by 97
“…& Vogelsberger 2014), and the Hubble constant, independent of the cosmic distance ladder (e.g., Refsdal 1964; Keeton & Kochanek 1997; Kochanek 2003; Saha et al. 2006; Oguri 2007; Suyu et al. 2010, 2013; Birrer et al. 2016; Chen et al. 2016; Bonvin et al. 2016; Suyu et al. 2016; Wong et al. 2016).”
BackgroundMethodCORRECTING THEz∼ 8 GALAXY LUMINOSITY FUNCTION FOR GRAVITATIONAL LENSING MAGNIFICATION BIAS
Mason, C. A., Treu, T., Schmidt, K. B., Collett, T. E., Trenti, M., Marshall, P. J., Barone-Nugent, R. L., Bradley, L., Stiavelli, M., & Wyithe, J. S. B. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/805/1/79 · Cited by 96
“Following work by Suyu et al. (2010) and Greene et al. (2013), we compare lines-of-sight in the BoRG fields with simulation data based on relative density of objects.”
MethodSelf-citationGoldstein, D. A., Nugent, P. E., Kasen, D. N., & Collett, T. E. (2018) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaa975 · Cited by 96
“Finally, the effect of weak lensing by mass close to the lens and along the line of sight must be included (e.g., Suyu et al. 2010; Collett et al. 2013; Rusu et al. 2017; McCully et al. 2017), since lenses are typically found in overdense regions of the universe (Fassnacht et al. 2011).”
BackgroundTHE MEGAMASER COSMOLOGY PROJECT. V. AN ANGULAR-DIAMETER DISTANCE TO NGC 6264 AT 140 Mpc
Kuo, C. Y., Braatz, J. A., Reid, M. J., Lo, K. Y., Condon, J. J., Impellizzeri, C. M. V., & Henkel, C. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/767/2/155 · Cited by 93
“It is only recently that direct distance measurements to galaxies in the Hubble flow (Distance > 30 Mpc) have been achieved (e.g. Braatz et al. 2010; Suyu et al. 2010; Reid et al. 2012).”
BackgroundMUSE integral-field spectroscopy towards the Frontier Fields cluster Abell S1063
Karman, W., Caputi, K. I., Caminha, G. B., Gronke, M. B., Grillo, C., Balestra, I., Rosati, P., Vanzella, E., Coe, D., Dijkstra, M., et al. (2016) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629055 · Cited by 92
“The cluster galaxies are modelled using a dual pseudo-isothermal mass distribution (Elíasdóttir et al. 2007; Suyu et al. 2010) with zero ellipticity and core radius and a finite truncation radius.”
MethodThe SDSS-III BOSS quasar lens survey: discovery of 13 gravitationally lensed quasars
More, A., Oguri, M., Kayo, I., Zinn, J., Strauss, M. A., Santiago, B. X., Mosquera, A. M., Inada, N., Kochanek, C. S., Rusu, C. E., et al. (2015) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stv2813 · Cited by 91
“Applications of gravitationally lensed quasars such as time delay cosmography (e.g., Coles 2008; Suyu et al. 2010), constraints on the quasar luminosity function (e.g., Comerford et al. 2002; Richards et al. 2006), constraints on dark energy (e.g., Kochanek 1996; Oguri et al. 2012), and study of…”
BackgroundOverconstrained gravitational lens models and the Hubble constant
Kochanek, C. S. (2020) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/staa344 · Cited by 90
Oguri, M., Inada, N., Strauss, M. A., Kochanek, C. S., Kayo, I., Shin, M., Morokuma, T., Richards, G. T., Rusu, C. E., Frieman, J. A., et al. (2012) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-6256/143/5/120 · Cited by 89
“Such correlated matter in the vicinity of the lens galaxy can contribute to external convergence and shear (e.g., Keeton et al. 1997; Holder & Schechter 2003; Dalal & Watson 2004; Momcheva et al. 2006; Suyu et al. 2010; Fassnacht et al. 2011).”
BackgroundXu, D., Sluse, D., Schneider, P., Springel, V., Vogelsberger, M., Nelson, D., & Hernquist, L. (2015) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stv2708 · Cited by 89
“A second way to break the MSD is to include independent information about the lens mass distribution, e.g., from stellar dynamics (e.g., Barnabè & Koopmans 2007; Barnabè et al. 2009, 2011; Treu & Koopmans 2002; Suyu et al. 2010, 2013, 2014).”
BackgroundCOSMOGRAIL: the COSmological MOnitoring of GRAvItational Lenses
Sluse, D., Chantry, V., Magain, P., Courbin, F., & Meylan, G. (2011) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015844 · Cited by 89
Strong lensing time-delay cosmography in the 2020s
Treu, T., Suyu, S. H., & Marshall, P. J. (2022) · The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review · doi:10.1007/s00159-022-00145-y · Cited by 89
“656 (Suyu et al. 2010; Jee et al. 2019).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationThe Halos of Satellite Galaxies: the Companion of the Massive Elliptical Lens SL2S J08544−0121⋆
Suyu, S. H., & Halkola, A. (2010) · Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015481/pdf · Cited by 88
Self-citationBirrer, S., Millon, M., Sluse, D., Shajib, A. J., Courbin, F., Erickson, S., Koopmans, L. V. E., Suyu, S. H., & Treu, T. (2024) · Space Science Reviews · doi:10.1007/s11214-024-01079-w · Cited by 87
“The first application of this technique in the framework of time-delay cosmography has been presented in Suyu et al. (2010).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationGreene, Z. S., Suyu, S. H., Treu, T., Hilbert, S., Auger, M. W., Collett, T. E., Marshall, P. J., Fassnacht, C. D., Blandford, R. D., Bradač, M., et al. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/768/1/39 · Cited by 87
“Extending the work of Suyu et al. (2010), we consider a set of observables with relative overdensities ζ in addition to ζgal, the number of galaxies along an LOS divided by the average, seeking observables that minimize σκ .”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationSN REFSDAL: PHOTOMETRY AND TIME DELAY MEASUREMENTS OF THE FIRST EINSTEIN CROSS SUPERNOVA
Rodney, S., Strolger, L.-G., Kelly, P. L., Bradač, M., Brammer, G., Filippenko, A. V., Foley, R. J., Graur, O., Hjorth, J., Jha, S. W., et al. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/0004-637x/820/1/50 · Cited by 85
“…valuable cosmological constraints that can complement or validate other methods such as Type Ia SNe, baryon acoustic oscillations and the cosmic microwave background (e.g., Saha et al. 2006; Oguri 2007; Coles 2008; Suyu et al. 2010, 2013, 2014; and see Treu & Ellis 2014 for a recent review).”
BackgroundSelf-citationDutton, A. A., Treu, T., Brewer, B. J., Marshall, P. J., Auger, M. W., Barnabè, M., Koo, D. C., Bolton, A. S., & Koopmans, L. V. E. (2012) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/sts262 · Cited by 83
“This is usually described in the lensing literature as external convergence (κext; e.g. Suyu et al. 2010; Treu et al. 2010).”
BackgroundSelf-citationJackson, N. J. (2015) · Living Reviews in Relativity · doi:10.1007/lrr-2015-2 · Cited by 83
THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENT ON SHEAR IN STRONG GRAVITATIONAL LENSES
Wong, K. C., Keeton, C. R., Williams, K. A., Momcheva, I. G., & Zabludoff, A. I. (2010) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/726/2/84 · Cited by 82
“While statistical constraints on κ may be inferred from methods such as ray-tracing through cosmological simulations (e.g. Suyu et al. 2010), measurements of the lens environments are the only way to directly determine its effect on lens-derived quantities.”
BackgroundMethodReconstructing the lensing mass in the Universe from photometric catalogue data
Collett, T. E., Marshall, P. J., Auger, M. W., Hilbert, S., Suyu, S. H., Greene, Z., Treu, T., Fassnacht, C. D., Koopmans, L. V. E., Bradač, M., et al. (2013) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stt504 · Cited by 81
“Indeed, Suyu et al. (2010) found that in time delay lens cosmography the so-called “external convergence” κext due to mass structures along the (unusually over-dense) line of sight to the quadruply-imaged radio source B1608+656 had to be included in their analysis, and was the dominant source of…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationDisentangling Baryons and Dark Matter in the Spiral Gravitational Lens B1933+503
Suyu, S. H., Hensel, S. W., McKean, J. P., Fassnacht, C. D., Treu, T., Halkola, A., Norbury, M. A., Jackson, N. J., Schneider, P., Thompson, D., et al. (2012) · University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas) · Cited by 81
Self-citationNewman, A. B., Ellis, R. S., & Treu, T. (2015) · UCL Discovery (University College London) · Cited by 78
Self-citationDetermining Model-independent H0 and Consistency Tests
Liao, K., Shafieloo, A., Keeley, R. E., & Linder, E. V. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab8dbb · Cited by 80
Improving time-delay cosmography with spatially resolved kinematics
Shajib, A. J., Treu, T., & Agnello, A. (2017) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2302 · Cited by 77
“…sight (Suyu et al. 2010, 2013; Greene et al. 2013; Sluse et al. 2017; Rusu et al. 2017), and including as much non-lensing information as possible, especially stellar velocity dispersion of the deflector (Treu & Koopmans 2002a; Koopmans et al. 2003; Suyu et al. 2010, 2013, 2014; Wong et al. 2017).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationOstrovski, F., McMahon, R. G., Connolly, A. J., Lemon, C., Auger, M. W., Banerji, M., Hung, J., Koposov, S. E., Lidman, C. E., Reed, S. L., et al. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2958 · Cited by 73
“The constraints on cosmological parameters in particular are comparable in precision to baryonic acoustic oscillation methods (e.g. Suyu et al. 2010, 2013; Bonvin et al. 2016).”
MethodSelf-citationConstraints on cosmological parameters in power-law cosmology
Rani, S., Altaibayeva, A., Shahalam, M., Singh, J. K., & Myrzakulov, R. (2015) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2015/03/031 · Cited by 75
Cosmology with the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope: an overview
Zhan, H., & Tyson, T. (2018) · Reports on Progress in Physics · doi:10.1088/1361-6633/aab1bd · Cited by 73
“It is most sensitive to the Hubble constant [317] and has recently been demonstrated to be able to constrain other cosmological parameters such as the curvature parameter Ωk and the dark energy EoS parameter w [318, 319].”
BackgroundDetermining the Hubble constant using giant extragalactic H ii regions and H ii galaxies
Chávez, R., Terlevich, E., Terlevich, R. J., Plionis, M., Bresolin, F., Basilakos, S., & Melnick, J. (2012) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters · doi:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2012.01299.x · Cited by 72
“Indirect methods to measure H0 have also been developed (e.g. Bonamente et al. 2006; Suyu et al. 2010; Beutler et al. 2011), however, all of the indirect methods use as priors other cosmological parameters, and thus the resulting H0 determinations are model dependent.”
MethodBonvin, V., Chan, J. H. H., Millon, M., Rojas, K., Courbin, F., Chen, G. C.-F., Fassnacht, C. D., Paic, E., Tewes, M., Chao, D. C.-Y., et al. (2018) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833287 · Cited by 72
“Combined with previous efforts on two other lensed systems (Suyu et al. 2010, 2014), it resulted in a value of H0=71.9+2.4−3.0 km s −1 Mpc−1 (Bonvin et al. 2017), in good agreement with the distance ladder but higher than the CMB predictions from the Planck satellite observations.”
ResultInfluentialSelf-citationModel-Independent Determination of H 0 and Ω K 0 from Strong Lensing and Type Ia Supernovae
Collett, T. E., Montanari, F., & Räsänen, S. (2019) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.123.231101 · Cited by 72
Metadata
- Authors
- Suyu, S. H., Marshall, P. J., Auger, M. W., Hilbert, S., Blandford, R. D., Koopmans, L. V. E., Fassnacht, C. D., & Treu, T.
- Affiliations
- University of Bonn (DE)
- University of California, Santa Barbara (US)
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (US)
- University of Groningen (NL)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Suyu, S. H.
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Astrophysical Journal
- Publisher
- American Astronomical Society
- Published
- 2010-02-10
- Volume
- 711
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 201-221
- ISSN
- 0004-637X (ISSN-L)
- 1538-4357
- OpenAlex
- W2143112358
- Cited by
- 454
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 16.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Astrophysical Journal (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (0444059, 0642621, DE-AC02-76SF00515, CAREER, NAS 5-26555)
- U.S. Department of Energy (76SF00515, DE–AC02–76SF00515, AC02‐76SF00515, NAS 5-26555, DE-AC02-)
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NAS 526555, 526555)
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- Space Telescope Science Institute (NAS5- 26555, 5-26555, 26555)
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DE-AC02-76SF00515, NAS 5-26555)
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (10158)
- Science and Technology Facilities Council (ST/H00243X/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
- Keywords
- strong gravitational lensing, Hubble constant, time-delay distance, dark energy equation of state, spatial curvature, lens mass profile, external convergence, velocity dispersion, interstellar extinction, cosmological parameter constraints, Bayesian analysis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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