Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 314

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 44 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

LOW-RESOLUTION SPECTRAL TEMPLATES FOR ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI AND GALAXIES FROM 0.03 TO 30 μm

Open access
Assef, R. J., Kochanek, C. S., Brodwin, M., Cool, R., Forman, W., Gonzalez, A. H., Hickox, R. C., Jones, C., Le Floc'h, E., Moustakas, J., Murray, S. S., Stern, D.·2010·The Astrophysical Journal
DOI 10.1088/0004-637x/713/2/970
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

We present a set of low-resolution empirical spectral energy distribution (SED) templates for active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and galaxies in the wavelength range from 0.03 μm to 30 μm based on the multi-wavelength photometric observations of the NOAO Deep-Wide Field Survey Boötes field and the spectroscopic observations of the AGN and Galaxy Evolution Survey. Our training sample is comprised of 14,448 galaxies in the redshift range 0 ≲ z ≲ 1 and 5347 likely AGNs in the range 0 ≲ z ≲ 5.58. The galaxy templates correspond to the SED templates presented in 2008 by Assef et al. extended into the UV and mid-IR by the addition of FUV and NUV GALEX and MIPS 24 μm data for the field. We use our templates to determine photometric redshifts for galaxies and AGNs. While they are relatively accurate for galaxies (σ z /(1 + z ) = 0.04, with 5% outlier rejection), their accuracies for AGNs are a strong function of the luminosity ratio between the AGN and galaxy components. Somewhat surprisingly, the relative luminosities of the AGN and its host are well determined even when the photometric redshift is significantly in error. We also use our templates to study the mid-IR AGN selection criteria developed by Stern et al. in 2005 and Lacy et al. in 2004. We find that the Stern et al. criterion suffers from significant incompleteness when there is a strong host galaxy component and at z ≃ 4.5, when the broad Hα emission line is redshifted into the [3.6] band, but that it is little contaminated by low- and intermediate-redshift galaxies. The Lacy et al. criterion is not affected by incompleteness at z ≃ 4.5 and is somewhat less affected by strong galaxy host components, but is heavily contaminated by low-redshift star-forming galaxies. Finally, we use our templates to predict the color–color distribution of sources in the upcoming Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer ( WISE ) mission and define a color criterion to select AGNs analogous to those developed for IRAC photometry. We estimate that in between 640,000 and 1,700,000 AGNs will be identified by these criteria, but without additional information, WISE -selected quasars will have serious completeness problems for z ≳ 3.4.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1088/0004-637x/713/2/970

Cites

44 of 44 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 44 references

Cited by

See all 314

Metadata

Authors
Assef, R. J., Kochanek, C. S., Brodwin, M., Cool, R., Forman, W., Gonzalez, A. H., Hickox, R. C., Jones, C., Le Floc'h, E., Moustakas, J., Murray, S. S., & Stern, D.
Venue
The Astrophysical Journal
Publisher
American Astronomical Society
Published
2010-03-29
Volume
713
Issue
2
Pages
970-985
ISSN
  • 0004-637X (ISSN-L)
  • 1538-4357
DOI
10.1088/0004-637x/713/2/970
OpenAlex
W1997779216
Cited by
314
References
44
FWCI
12.95
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: LOW-RESOLUTION SPECTRAL TEMPLATES FOR ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI AND GALAXIES FROM 0.03 TO 30 μm. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1088/0004-637x/713/2/970
The paper
Assef, R. J., Kochanek, C. S., Brodwin, M., Cool, R., Forman, W., Gonzalez, A. H., Hickox, R. C., Jones, C., Le Floc'h, E., Moustakas, J., Murray, S. S., & Stern, D. (2010). LOW-RESOLUTION SPECTRAL TEMPLATES FOR ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI AND GALAXIES FROM 0.03 TO 30 μm. The Astrophysical Journal. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/713/2/970

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.