The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
STELLAR POPULATIONS IN THE CENTRAL 0.5 pc OF THE GALAXY. II. THE INITIAL MASS FUNCTION
Open accessAbstract
The supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way plays host to a massive, young cluster that may have formed in one of the most inhospitable environments in the Galaxy. We present new measurements of the global properties of this cluster, including the initial mass function (IMF), age, and cluster mass. These results are based on Keck laser-guide-star adaptive optics observations used to identify the young stars and measure their Kp -band luminosity function as presented in Do et al. A Bayesian inference methodology is developed to simultaneously fit the global properties of the cluster utilizing the observations and extensive simulations of synthetic star clusters. We find that the slope of the mass function for this cluster is α = 1.7 ± 0.2, which is steeper than previously reported, but still flatter than the traditional Salpeter slope of 2.35. The age of the cluster is between 2.5 and 5.8 Myr with 95% confidence, which is a younger age than typically adopted but consistent within the uncertainties of past measurements. The exact age of the cluster is difficult to determine since our results show two distinct age solutions (3.9 Myr and 2.8 Myr) due to model degeneracies in the relative number of Wolf–Rayet and OB stars. The total cluster mass is between 14,000 and 37,000 M ☉ above 1 M ☉ and it is necessary to include multiple star systems in order to fit the observed luminosity function and the number of observed Wolf–Rayet stars. The new IMF slope measurement is now consistent with X-ray observations indicating a factor of 10 fewer X-ray emitting pre-main-sequence stars than expected when compared with a Salpeter IMF. The young cluster at the Galactic center is one of the few definitive examples of an IMF that deviates significantly from the near-universal IMFs found in the solar neighborhood.
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Cites
A star in a 15.2-year orbit around the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way
Schödel, R., Ott, T., Genzel, R., Hofmann, R., Lehnert, M., Eckart, A., Mouawad, N., Alexander, T., Reid, M. J., Lenzen, R., et al. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01121 · Cited by 1,166 · cited 1×
“…our own Milky Way Galaxy, located only 8 kpc away and surrounding a supermassive black hole (SMBH) of mass M∼ 4 × 106 M⊙ (Eckart & Genzel 1997; Ghez et al. 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2008; Genzel et al. 2000; Schödel et al. 2002; Schödel et al. 2003; Eisenhauer et al. 2005; Gillessen et al. 2009a).”
BackgroundTHE GALACTIC CENTER ENVIRONMENT
Morris, M., & Serabyn, E. (1996) · Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1146/annurev.astro.34.1.645 · Cited by 930
Self-citationGhez, A. M., Duchêne, G., Matthews, K., Hornstein, S. D., Tanner, A., Larkin, J., Morris, M., Becklin, E. E., Salim, S., Kremenek, T., et al. (2003) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/374804 · Cited by 717
Self-citationThe Two Young Star Disks in the Central Parsec of the Galaxy: Properties, Dynamics, and Formation
Paumard, T., Genzel, R., Martins, F., Nayakshin, S., Beloborodov, A. M., Levin, Y., Trippe, S., Eisenhauer, F., Ott, T., Gillessen, S., et al. (2006) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/503273 · Cited by 690
Stellar Disk in the Galactic Center: A Remnant of a Dense Accretion Disk?
Levin, Y., & Beloborodov, A. M. (2003) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/376675 · Cited by 414 · cited 3×
“…distances and also with moderate eccentricities, and (3) ∼10% cluster within 0.03 pc of the black hole with high eccentricities of ē = 0.8 (Genzel et al. 2000; Levin & Beloborodov 2003; Genzel et al. 2003; Paumard et al. 2006; Ghez et al. 2008; Lu et al. 2009; Gillessen et al. 2009b; Yelda 2012).”
BackgroundInfluentialEVIDENCE FOR WARPED DISKS OF YOUNG STARS IN THE GALACTIC CENTER
Bartko, H., Martins, F., Fritz, T. K., Genzel, R., Levin, Y., Perets, H. B., Paumard, T., Nayakshin, S., Gerhard, O., Alexander, T., et al. (2009) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/697/2/1741 · Cited by 282 · cited 4×
“…for a possible warp in the clockwise disk (Bartko et al. 2009), a second face-on disk made of counter-clockwise rotating stars (Genzel et al. 2003; Bartko et al. 2009), and for subclusters of stars both on and off the disk (Maillard et al. 2004; Schödel et al. 2005; Lu et al. 2005), although the…”
BackgroundInfluentialBender, R., Kormendy, J., Bower, G., Green, R., Thomas, J., Danks, A. C., Gull, T., Hutchings, J. B., Joseph, C. L., Kaiser, M. E., et al. (2005) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/432434 · Cited by 267
Simulations of the formation of stellar discs in the Galactic Centre via cloud-cloud collisions
Hobbs, A., & Nayakshin, S. (2009) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.14359.x · Cited by 116
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Cool outflows in galaxies and their implications
Veilleux, S., Maiolino, R., Bolatto, A. D., & Aalto, S. (2020) · The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review · doi:10.1007/s00159-019-0121-9 · Cited by 466
Fundamental physics with the Square Kilometre Array
Weltman, A., Bull, P., Camera, S., Kelley, K., Padmanabhan, H., Pritchard, J., Raccanelli, A., Riemer-Sørensen, S., Shao, L., Andrianomena, S., et al. (2020) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia · doi:10.1017/pasa.2019.42 · Cited by 384
Neumayer, N., Seth, A., & Böker, T. (2020) · The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review · doi:10.1007/s00159-020-00125-0 · Cited by 375
Global hierarchical collapse in molecular clouds. Towards a comprehensive scenario
Vázquez-Semadeni, E., Palau, A., Ballesteros-Paredes, J., Gómez, G. C., & Zamora-Avilés, M. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2736 · Cited by 361
Krumholz, M. R. (2014) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2014.02.001 · Cited by 321
Metadata
- Authors
- Lu, J. R., Do, T., Ghez, A. M., Morris, M. R., Yelda, S., & Matthews, K.
- Venue
- The Astrophysical Journal
- Publisher
- American Astronomical Society
- Published
- 2013-02-01
- Volume
- 764
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 155
- ISSN
- 0004-637X (ISSN-L)
- 1538-4357
- OpenAlex
- W2066093190
- Cited by
- 307
- References
- 8
- FWCI
- 12.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- Lu, J. R., Do, T., Ghez, A. M., Morris, M. R., Yelda, S., & Matthews, K. (2013). STELLAR POPULATIONS IN THE CENTRAL 0.5 pc OF THE GALAXY. II. THE INITIAL MASS FUNCTION. The Astrophysical Journal. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/764/2/155
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