Two-level states in glasses
Open accessAbstract
This review covers a wide range of experimental and theoretical studies of two-level or tunnelling states in glasses. Emphasis is on fundamental physics rather than a detailed comparison of experiment and theory. Sections cover the static and dynamic properties of tunnelling states, their contribution to thermal properties and their response to weak and strong electric and acoustic fields, both steady state and pulsed. A section on metallic glasses focuses on the importance of electron tunnelling-state interactions, and a final section illustrates approaches to a microscopic description by means of selected examples.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Such temporal fluctuations are associated with coupling of the qubit to near-resonance two-level system (TLS) defects, which are, in turn, longitudinally coupled to low-frequency two-level fluctuators (TLFs).
“Such temporal fluctuations are associated with coupling of the qubit to near-resonance two-level system (TLS) defects37, which are, in turn, longitudinally coupled to low-frequency (thermally active at 10 mK) two-level fluctuators (TLFs)35,38,39.”
From Advanced CMOS manufacturing of superconducting qubits on 300 mm wafers (2024) · cites this paper as [37]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Coherent Josephson Qubit Suitable for Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits
Barends, R., Kelly, J., Megrant, A., Sank, D., Jeffrey, E., Chen, Y., Yin, Y., Chiaro, B., Mutus, J., Neill, C., et al. (2013) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.111.080502 · Cited by 779 · see citing works
Materials challenges and opportunities for quantum computing hardware
de Leon, N. P., Itoh, K. M., Kim, D., Mehta, K. K., Northup, T. E., Paik, H., Palmer, B. S., Samarth, N., Sangtawesin, S., & Steuerman, D. W. (2021) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abb2823 · Cited by 710 · see citing works
Planar superconducting resonators with internal quality factors above one million
Megrant, A., Neill, C., Barends, R., Chiaro, B., Chen, Y., Feigl, L., Kelly, J., Lucero, E., Mariantoni, M., O’Malley, P. J. J., et al. (2012) · Applied Physics Letters · doi:10.1063/1.3693409 · Cited by 481 · see citing works
Ion-trap measurements of electric-field noise near surfaces
Brownnutt, M., Kumph, M., Rabl, P., & Blatt, R. (2015) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.87.1419 · Cited by 413 · see citing works
Engineering high-coherence superconducting qubits
Siddiqi, I. (2021) · Nature Reviews Materials · doi:10.1038/s41578-021-00370-4 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Correlating Decoherence in Transmon Qubits: Low Frequency Noise by Single Fluctuators
Schlör, S., Lisenfeld, J., Müller, C., Bilmes, A., Schneider, A., Pappas, D. P., Ustinov, A. V., & Weides, M. (2019) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.123.190502 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Two-dimensional optomechanical crystal cavity with high quantum cooperativity
Ren, H., Matheny, M. H., MacCabe, G. S., Luo, J., Pfeifer, H., Mirhosseini, M., & Painter, O. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-17182-9 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Two-level systems in superconducting quantum devices due to trapped quasiparticles
de Graaf, S. E., Faoro, L., Ioffe, L. B., Mahashabde, S., Burnett, J. J., Lindström, T., Kubatkin, S. E., Danilov, A. V., & Tzalenchuk, A. Y. (2020) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abc5055 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Advanced CMOS manufacturing of superconducting qubits on 300 mm wafers
Van Damme, J., Massar, S., Acharya, R., Ivanov, T., Perez Lozano, D., Canvel, Y., Demarets, M., Vangoidsenhoven, D., Hermans, Y., Lai, J. G., et al. (2024) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07941-9 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
“Such temporal fluctuations are associated with coupling of the qubit to near-resonance two-level system (TLS) defects 37 , which are, in turn, longitudinally coupled to low-frequency (thermally active at 10 mK) two-level fluctuators (TLFs) 35,38,39 .”
BackgroundNear-field scanning microwave microscopy in the single photon regime
Geaney, S., Cox, D., Hönigl-Decrinis, T., Shaikhaidarov, R., Kubatkin, S. E., Lindström, T., Danilov, A. V., & de Graaf, S. E. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48780-3 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
- Authors
- Phillips, W. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Phillips, W A
- Venue
- Reports on Progress in Physics
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 1987-12-01
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1657-1708
- ISSN
- 0034-4885 (ISSN-L)
- 1361-6633
- OpenAlex
- W1967536905
- Cited by
- 885
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 58 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 17.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Reports on Progress in Physics (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Material Dynamics and Properties
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Ceramics and Composites › Glass properties and applications
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Condensed Matter Physics › Theoretical and Computational Physics
- Keywords
- two-level system, glass, amorphous materials, thermal properties, electric field response, pulsed fields, amorphous alloys, electron tunneling
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
