The DOI matches its Crossref record; 128 of the 128 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Confinement effects on freezing and melting
Open accessAbstract
A review of experimental work on freezing and melting in confinement is presented. A range of systems, from metal oxide gels to porous glasses to novel nanoporous materials, is discussed. Features such as melting-point depression, hysteresis between freezing and melting, modifications to bulk solid structure and solid-solid transitions are reviewed for substances such as helium, organic fluids, water and metals. Recent work with well characterized assemblies of cylindrical pores like MCM-41 and graphitic microfibres with slit pores has suggested that the macroscopic picture of melting and freezing breaks down in pores of molecular dimensions. Applications of the surface force apparatus to the study of freezing and melting phenomena in confinement are discussed in some detail. This instrument is unique in allowing the study of conditions in a single pore, without the complications of pore blockage and connectivity effects. The results have confirmed the classical picture of melting-point depression in larger pores, and allowed the direct observation of capillary condensation of solid from vapour. Other results include the measurement of solvation forces across apparently fluid films below the bulk melting point and a solid-like response to shear of films above the bulk melting point. These somewhat contradictory findings highlight the difficulty of using bulk concepts to define the phase state of a substance confined to nanoscale pores.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Ordered mesoporous molecular sieves synthesized by a liquid-crystal template mechanism
Kresge, C. T., Leonowicz, M. E., Roth, W. J., Vartuli, J. C., & Beck, J. S. (1992) · Nature · doi:10.1038/359710a0 · Cited by 16,275
Triblock Copolymer Syntheses of Mesoporous Silica with Periodic 50 to 300 Angstrom Pores
Zhao, D., Feng, J., Huo, Q., Melosh, N., Fredrickson, G. H., Chmelka, B. F., & Stucky, G. D. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.279.5350.548 · Cited by 11,753
A new family of mesoporous molecular sieves prepared with liquid crystal templates
Beck, J. S., Vartuli, J. C., Roth, W. J., Leonowicz, M. E., Kresge, C. T., Schmitt, K. D., Chu, C. T. W., Olson, D. H., Sheppard, E. W., McCullen, S. B., et al. (1992) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja00053a020 · Cited by 10,967
Silicon quantum wire array fabrication by electrochemical and chemical dissolution of wafers
Canham, L. T. (1990) · Applied Physics Letters · doi:10.1063/1.103561 · Cited by 7,997
Zhao, D., Huo, Q., Feng, J., Chmelka, B. F., & Stucky, G. D. (1998) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja974025i · Cited by 6,697
Masuda, H., & Fukuda, K. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.268.5216.1466 · Cited by 5,197
Bioceramics: From Concept to Clinic
Hench, L. L. (1991) · Journal of the American Ceramic Society · doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1991.tb07132.x · Cited by 4,977
Evolution of nanoporosity in dealloying
Erlebacher, J., Aziz, M. J., Karma, A., Dimitrov, N., & Sieradzki, K. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35068529 · Cited by 2,753
Surface tension and adsorption
Defay, R., Prigogine, I., Bellemans, A., et al. (1966) · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Cited by 1,914
Israelachvili, J. N., & Adams, G. E. (1978) · Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 1: Physical Chemistry in Condensed Phases · doi:10.1039/f19787400975 · Cited by 1,812
Cited by
Size dependence of nanostructures: Impact of bond order deficiency
Sun, C. Q. (2007) · Progress in Solid State Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2006.03.001 · Cited by 873
Recent advances in electrochemical non-enzymatic glucose sensors – A review
Hwang, D.-W., Lee, S., Seo, M., & Chung, T. D. (2018) · Analytica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.aca.2018.05.051 · Cited by 788
Zhang, S., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., & Deng, Y. (2017) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00509 · Cited by 659
Huber, P. (2015) · Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter · doi:10.1088/0953-8984/27/10/103102 · Cited by 322
Tong, X., Li, N., Zeng, M., & Wang, Q. (2019) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2019.03.031 · Cited by 222
Metadata
- Authors
- Christenson, H. K.
- Venue
- Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 2001-03-01
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- R95-R133
- ISSN
- 0953-8984 (ISSN-L)
- 1361-648X
- OpenAlex
- W2002069327
- Cited by
- 567
- References
- 128
- FWCI
- 12.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Confinement effects on freezing and melting. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1088/0953-8984/13/11/201
- The paper
- Christenson, H. K. (2001). Confinement effects on freezing and melting. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/13/11/201
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
