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Signatures of quark-gluon plasma formation in high energy heavy-ion collisions: a critical review
Open accessAbstract
A critical review on signatures of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formation is given and the current (1998) experimental status is discussed. After giving an introduction to the properties of QCD matter in both, equilibrium and non-equilibrium theories, we focus on observables which may yield experimental evidence for QGP formation. For each individual observable the discussion is divided into three sections: first the connection between the respective observable and QGP formation in terms of the underlying theoretical concepts is given, then the relevant experimental results are reviewed and finally the current status concerning the interpretation of both, theory and experiment, is discussed. A comprehensive summary including an outlook towards RHIC is given in the final section.
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“Also strangeness production through hadronic rescattering or final state interactions was estimated to be negligibly small [133].”
From Phase Transitions in the Early and Present Universe (2006) · cites this paper as [133]
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“Strangeness enhancement along with chemical equilibration are some of the earliest proposals for clear signatures of the formation of a QGP [133].”
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“The main idea is based on the estimate that the strangeness equilibration time in a hot QGP is of the same order as the expected lifetime of the QGP ( ∼ 10 fm/c ) produced in nucleus-nucleus collisions.”
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“Relativistic hydrodynamics is one of the most useful tools to investigate the space-time evolution and transport properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) produced in high-energy heavy-ion collisions [1,2].”
BackgroundLi, D., Zhao, Y., Si, F., Zhou, P., Zhang, Y., Li, X., & Yang, C. G. (2021) · arXiv (Cornell University)
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“However, At extremely high temperature and high baryon density, quarks and gluons becomes deconfined, forming a new state of matter called Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP), where quarks and gluons behave like free particles called asymptotic freedom [1–5].”
Perte d'énergie par rayonnement dans un milieu opaque
du Chatelet, A. P. (2018) · doi:10.70675/ff7ec3dezdf94z4246zb9afz49693d6fdd56
Wang, E.-Q., 周, Y.-Y. 瑶. Z., & Gao, L.-N. (2026) · Frontiers in Physics · doi:10.3389/fphy.2026.1890863
Metadata
- Authors
- Bass, S. A., Gyulassy, M., Stöcker, H., & Greiner, W.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 1999-01-01
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- R1-R57
- ISSN
- 0954-3899 (ISSN-L)
- 1361-6471
- OpenAlex
- W2003831609
- Cited by
- 269
- References
- 442
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 14.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Journal of Physics G Nuclear and Particle Physics (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
- Publication Server of Goethe University Frankfurt am Main (Goethe University Frankfurt) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Keywords
- quark-gluon plasma, heavy-ion collisions, QCD matter, RHIC, experimental observables
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