The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Memristor, Hodgkin–Huxley, and Edge of Chaos
Open accessAbstract
From a pedagogical point of view, the memristor is defined in this tutorial as any 2-terminal device obeying a state-dependent Ohm's law. This tutorial also shows that from an experimental point of view, the memristor can be defined as any 2-terminal device that exhibits the fingerprints of 'pinched' hysteresis loops in the v-i plane. It also shows that memristors endowed with a continuum of equilibrium states can be used as non-volatile analog memories. This tutorial shows that memristors span a much broader vista of complex phenomena and potential applications in many fields, including neurobiology. In particular, this tutorial presents toy memristors that can mimic the classic habituation and LTP learning phenomena. It also shows that sodium and potassium ion-channel memristors are the key to generating the action potential in the Hodgkin-Huxley equations, and that they are the key to resolving several unresolved anomalies associated with the Hodgkin-Huxley equations. This tutorial ends with an amazing new result derived from the new principle of local activity, which uncovers a minuscule life-enabling 'Goldilocks zone', dubbed the edge of chaos, where complex phenomena, including creativity and intelligence, may emerge. From an information processing perspective, this tutorial shows that synapses are locally-passive memristors, and that neurons are made of locally-active memristors.
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“In the case where the memductance function G ( x, 0) is a smooth function x , then this memristor can be used as a synapse [3], [32], [35] in brainslike machines.”
From Everything You Wish to Know About Memristors But Are Afraid to Ask (2015) · cites this paper as [32]
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Citations
Cites
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LOCAL ACTIVITY IS THE ORIGIN OF COMPLEXITY
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Self-citationHODGKIN–HUXLEY AXON IS MADE OF MEMRISTORS
CHUA, L., SBITNEV, V., & KIM, H. (2012) · International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos · doi:10.1142/s021812741230011x · Cited by 319
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Bear, M. F., Connors, B. W., & Paradiso, M. A. (2007) · Cited by 214
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Neurons are Poised Near the Edge of Chaos
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Self-citation
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- Adhikari S P, 2013, IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst.
- Chua L O, 2009, IEEE Expert Now Educational Course
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Neuromorphic nanoelectronic materials
Sangwan, V. K., & Hersam, M. C. (2020) · Nature Nanotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41565-020-0647-z · Cited by 907
If it's pinched it's a memristor
Chua, L. (2014) · Semiconductor Science and Technology · doi:10.1088/0268-1242/29/10/104001 · Cited by 685
Self-citationBrain-inspired computing needs a master plan
Mehonic, A., & Kenyon, A. J. (2022) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04362-w · Cited by 632
“They may embody some of the functionality of biological dendrites 5 and their dynamic response can generate oscillatory behaviour similar to that of the brain – controversially, operating on the edge of chaos 6,7 .”
Chaotic dynamics in nanoscale NbO2 Mott memristors for analogue computing
Kumar, S., Strachan, J. P., & Williams, R. S. (2017) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature23307 · Cited by 620
Everything You Wish to Know About Memristors But Are Afraid to Ask
Chua, L. (2015) · Radioengineering · doi:10.13164/re.2015.0319 · Cited by 481
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Chua, L.
- Affiliations
- University of California System (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chua, Leon
- ORCID
- Chua, Leon
- Venue
- Nanotechnology
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 2013-09-02
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 38
- Pages
- 383001
- ISSN
- 0957-4484 (ISSN-L)
- 1361-6528
- OpenAlex
- W1973200562
- Cited by
- 253
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 0.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nanotechnology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550-, FA9550-10-1-, FA9550-13-1-0136)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Memory and Neural Computing
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › stochastic dynamics and bifurcation
- Keywords
- memristors, Hodgkin-Huxley model, edge of chaos, pinched hysteresis, habituation, long-term potentiation, action potential, synapses, neurons, neuromorphic computing, emergence of intelligence
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Aplysia, Electronics, Models, Neurological, Synapses, Nanotechnology
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