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Cited by 10Gastrointestinal motility and disordersVagus Nerve Stimulation ResearchNeuroscience and Neural Engineering

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Gastric neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius are selective to the orientation of gastric electrical stimulation

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Cao, Jiayue, Wang, Xiaokai, Powley, Terry L, Liu, Zhongming·2021·Journal of Neural Engineering
DOI 10.1088/1741-2552/ac2ec6PMC PMC8625070

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Abstract

Objective. Gastric electrical stimulation (GES) is a bioelectric intervention for gastroparesis, obesity, and other functional gastrointestinal disorders. In a potential mechanism of action, GES activates the nerve endings of vagal afferent neurons and induces the vago-vagal reflex through the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) in the brainstem. However, it is unclear where and how to stimulate in order to optimize the vagal afferent responses. Approach. To address this question with electrophysiology in rats, we applied mild electrical currents to two serosal targets on the distal forestomach with dense distributions of vagal intramuscular arrays (IMAs) that innervated the circular and longitudinal smooth muscle layers. During stimulation, we recorded single and multi-unit responses from gastric neurons in NTS and evaluated how the recorded responses depended on the stimulus orientation and amplitude. Main results. We found that NTS responses were highly selective to the stimulus orientation for a range of stimulus amplitudes. The strongest responses were observed when the applied current flowed in the same direction as the IMAs in parallel with the underlying smooth muscle fibers. Our results suggest that gastric neurons in NTS may encode the orientation-specific activity of gastric smooth muscles relayed by vagal afferent neurons. Significance. This finding suggests that the orientation of GES is critical to effective engagement of vagal afferents and should be considered in light of the structural phenotypes of vagal terminals in the stomach.

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  • Different forces (distension, contraction, stroking) applied to the stomach wall activate both the vagal and the spinal splanchnic nerves.

    “Different forces (distension, contraction, stroking) applied to the stomach wall activate both the vagal 167-169 and the spinal splanchnic 170,171 nerves,”

    From Interoceptive rhythms in the brain (2023) · cites this paper as [169]

    The Introduction (page not available) says vagal afferent terminals in the stomach wall include mechanoreceptors that report smooth-muscle stretch, supporting a response to at least one kind of mechanical force. It does not establish that distension, contraction, and stroking each activate vagal nerves. The spinal splanchnic portion of the sentence has separate citations and is not attributed to this source. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Metadata

Authors
Cao, J., Wang, X., Powley, T. L., & Liu, Z.
Affiliations
  • University of Michigan (US)
  • Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
Corresponding author
  • Cao, Jiayue
  • Wang, Xiaokai
  • Powley, Terry L
  • Liu, Zhongming
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Neural Engineering
Publisher
IOP Publishing
Published
2021-10-01
Volume
18
Issue
5
Pages
056066
ISSN
  • 1741-2552 (ISSN-L)
  • 1741-2560
DOI
10.1088/1741-2552/ac2ec6
PMC
PMC8625070
OpenAlex
W3205863227
Cited by
10
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3
FWCI
1.60
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Neural Engineering (publishedVersion)
  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (AT011665)
  • NIH Office of the Director (OD023847)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK131524)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
Keywords
gastric electrical stimulation, nucleus tractus solitarius, vagal afferent neurons, stimulus orientation, gastric smooth muscle, vago-vagal reflex, gastroparesis, functional gastrointestinal disorders
MeSH terms
Animals, Electric Stimulation, Neurons, Stomach, Vagus Nerve, Solitary Nucleus, Rats

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