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MnSOD in Oxidative Stress Response-Potential Regulation via Mitochondrial Protein Influx

Open access
Candas, Demet, Li, Jian Jian·2014·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

Abstract

SIGNIFICANCE: The mitochondrial antioxidant manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is encoded by genomic DNA and its dismutase function is fully activated in the mitochondria to detoxify free radical O2(•-) generated by mitochondrial respiration. Accumulating evidence shows an extensive communication between the mitochondria and cytoplasm under oxidative stress. Not only is the MnSOD gene upregulated by oxidative stress, but MnSOD activity can be enhanced via the mitochondrial protein influx (MPI). RECENT ADVANCES: A cluster of MPI containing cytoplasmic/nuclear proteins, such as cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases, and p53 interact with and alter MnSOD activity. These proteins modulate MnSOD superoxide scavenging activity via post-translational modifications in the mitochondria. In addition to well-established pathways in gene expression, recent findings suggest that MnSOD enzymatic activity can also be enhanced by phosphorylation of specific motifs in mitochondria. This review attempts to discuss the pre- and post-translational regulation of MnSOD, and how these modifications alter MnSOD activity, which induces a cell adaptive response to oxidative stress. CRITICAL ISSUES: MnSOD is biologically significant to aerobic cells. Its role in protecting the cells against the deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species is evident. However, the exact network of MnSOD-associated cellular adaptive reaction to oxidative stress and its post-translational modifications, especially its enzymatic enhancement via phosphorylation, is not yet fully understood. FUTURE DIRECTIONS: The broad discussion of the multiple aspects of MnSOD regulation, including gene expression, protein modifications, and enzymatic activity, will shed light onto the unknown mechanisms that govern the prosurvival networks involved in cellular and mitochondrial adaptive response to genotoxic environment.

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Metadata

Authors
Candas, D., & Li, J. J.
Venue
Antioxidants & Redox Signaling
Published
2014-04
Volume
20
Issue
10
Pages
1599-1617
ISSN
  • 1523-0864 (ISSN-L)
  • 1557-7716
OpenAlex
W1992313984
Cited by
286
References
19
FWCI
4.44
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: MnSOD in Oxidative Stress Response-Potential Regulation via Mitochondrial Protein Influx. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1089/ars.2013.5305
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Candas, D., & Li, J. J. (2014). MnSOD in Oxidative Stress Response-Potential Regulation via Mitochondrial Protein Influx. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2013.5305

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