The Association of Adverse Pregnancy Events and Cardiovascular Disease in Women 50 Years of Age and Older
Open accessAbstract
Objective: This study investigates the association between a prior history of pregnancy complications and cardiovascular disease (CVD) among Kentucky women aged ≥50 years. Methods: Data were analyzed from participants ( n = 3909) in the Kentucky Women's Health Registry (2006–2008). Primary outcomes were self-reported prevalence of CVD, including angina, heart attack, heart failure, and arrhythmia. Pregnancy complications used as predictors were preterm labor, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and third trimester bleeding. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine associations between prevalence of CVD and pregnancy complications, controlling for age, education, and smoking status. Results: Overall, 199 (5.1%) women reported angina, 79 (2.0%) reported heart attack, 44 (1.1%) reported heart failure, and 642 (16.4%) reported arrhythmia. One pregnancy complication was reported by 614 (15.7%) women, and two or more complications were reported by 130 (3.3%) women. In regression models adjusting for age, education, and smoking, compared to women who were never pregnant, women with no pregnancy complications had a similar risk of reporting heart attack (odds ratio [OR] 1.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.5-2.7), but women with one pregnancy complication (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.03-6.0) and two or more complications (OR 4.2, 95% CI 1.4-10.6) had an increased risk. Similar results were seen for angina and arrhythmia, but not heart failure. Conclusions: Women who experience pregnancy complications are more likely to report prevalent CVD (including angina, heart attack, and arrhythmia), suggesting a link between adverse pregnancy events and CVD. Pregnancy complications may serve as signals for future CVD, presenting an opportunity for early intervention and prevention.
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Evidence of an association between gestational diabetes and heart failure is inconclusive.
“Evidence of an association between gestational diabetes and heart failure87 was inconclusive however (supplementary table 4).100 101”
From Association between the reproductive health of young women and cardiovascular disease in later life: umbrella review (2020) · cites this paper as [100]
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- Authors
- Freibert, S. M., Mannino, D. M., Bush, H., & Crofford, L. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Kentucky (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Women's Health
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2011-02
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 287-293
- ISSN
- 1059-7115 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-9996
- 1931-843X
- OpenAlex
- W2009663801
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 5.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- works.bepress.com
- Locations
- Journal of Women s Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UKnowledge (University of Kentucky) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- adverse pregnancy outcomes, cardiovascular disease, pregnancy complications, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm labor, third trimester bleeding, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, heart failure, middle-aged and older women, cardiovascular risk
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Angina, Unstable, Arrhythmias, Cardiac, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Health Status, Heart Failure, Humans, Kentucky, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Risk Factors, Causality, Prevalence, Women's Health
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