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Generation of antagonistic biparatopic anti-CD30 antibody from an agonistic antibody by precise epitope determination and utilization of structural characteristics of CD30 molecule
Open accessPublished version of a preprint
Abstract
Background: CD30 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. Recently, blocking CD30-dependent intracellular signaling has emerged as potential strategy for immunological regulation. Development of antibody-based CD30 antagonists is therefore of significant interest. However, a key challenge is that the bivalent form of natural antibody can crosslink CD30 molecules, leading to signal transduction even in the absence of specific ligand, CD153. Biparatopic antibodies (BpAbs) offer a solution, using two different variable fragments (Fvs) to bind distinct epitopes on a single antigen molecule. BpAbs format is an attractive alternative of natural antibody by potentially avoiding unwanted crosslinking and signaling induction. Methods: We systematically characterized 36 BpAbs, each designed with pairs of Fvs binding to nine distinct epitopes across the CD30 extracellular domain. We first identified the precise epitope sites of the nine antibodies by assessing the binding to multiple orthologous CD30 proteins and mutants. We then produced the 36 BpAbs and analyzed their biological activities and binding modes. Results: Among 36 BpAbs, we identified both potent ligand-independent agonists and ligand-blocking antagonists, with many displayed reduced signal activation, including 1:1-binding antagonists derived from AC10, a strong agonist developed for lymphoma therapy. Epitope dependency in reduced signaling activity was observed and associated with the flexible nature of CD30 protein. Conclusions: We successfully developed antagonistic BpAbs against CD30 by controlling the stoichiometry of antibody–antigen binding mode. This study elucidated the mechanism of signaling induction, informing the design strategies of the development of biparatopic antibodies.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Akiba, H., Ise, T., Satoh, R., Abe, Y., Tsumoto, K., Ohno, H., Kamada, H., & Nagata, S.
- Affiliations
- Kyoto University (JP)
- National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (JP)
- National Institute of Health Sciences (JP)
- Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Akiba, Hiroki
- Nagata, Satoshi
- ORCID
- Venue
- Antibody Therapeutics
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2025-01
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 56-67
- ISSN
- 2516-4236 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11826918
- OpenAlex
- W4406357435
- Cited by
- 3
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1
- FWCI
- 1.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Antibody Therapeutics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Kyoto University Research Information Repository (Kyoto University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- AMED (JP22ak0101099, JP24ama121042)
- JSPS (JP24K01270)
- Takeda Science Foundation
- Kyoto University Foundation
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Keywords
- CD30, biparatopic antibody, antagonistic antibodies, agonistic antibodies, epitope mapping, ligand-independent signaling, TNF receptor superfamily, antibody design, lymphoma treatment
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