Diet and health risk: risk patterns and disease-specific associations
Open accessAbstract
Whether such epidemiologic descriptors as relative risk, dose response, and threshold points convey meaningful information is often the subject of debate. Thus, using these descriptors to juxtapose the many disease-specific effects of nutritional exposures becomes problematic. In this article it is argued that epidemiologic patterns of disease-exposure associations must be interpreted in light of the profound imprecision of exposure assessment that characterizes nutritional epidemiology. In general, this imprecision leads to substantial attenuation of disease-exposure associations, such that relative risk, dose response, and the extent to which there are thresholds in disease-exposure associations can be seriously underestimated. Linking disease-specific relative risks, especially when derived from different studies with different methods of assessing exposure, is made increasingly difficult. The most critical tasks for lessening bias in these epidemiologic descriptors are first, to lessen imprecision in measuring exposures, and second, to adjust association estimates for attenuation due to measurement imprecision.
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Misclassification of subjects by dietary intake can influence observed associations between dietary exposures and disease outcomes and underlies inconsistencies in nutritional epidemiology.
“The resulting misclassification of subjects, especially when sorting them according to dietary intake, can influence observed associations between dietary exposures and disease outcomes and underlies inconsistencies in published findings in the field of nutritional epidemiology (12).”
From The food metabolome: a window over dietary exposure (2014) · cites this paper as [12]
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- Authors
- Marshall, J. R., & Chen, Z.
- Affiliations
- University of Arizona (US)
- Corresponding author
- Marshall, James R
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1999-06
- Volume
- 69
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1351S-1356S
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2110714883
- Cited by
- 20
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Epidemiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutrition and Health Studies
- Keywords
- measurement error, attenuation bias, relative risk, dose-response relationship, threshold effects, nutritional epidemiology
- MeSH terms
- Diet, Disease, Epidemiologic Methods, Epidemiology, Humans, Risk, Reproducibility of Results, Prevalence
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