The DOI matches its Crossref record; 49 of the 49 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Bioconversion of vaccenic acid to conjugated linoleic acid in humans
Open accessAbstract
Background Vaccenic acid (11-trans octadecenoic acid; VA), a major trans fatty acid in the fat of ruminants, is produced in the rumen and converted in tissues to rumenic acid (9-cis, 11-trans octadecenoic acid; RA), an isomer of conjugated linoleic acid, by Delta(9)-desaturase. There are indications that this conversion also occurs in humans.Objective The aim of this controlled intervention was to study the conversion of VA to RA in humans after consumption of diets with increasing amounts of VA.Design Thirty healthy subjects consumed a baseline diet rich in oleic acid for 2 wk. The subjects were then divided into 3 groups (n = 10 per group) and provided a diet containing 1.5, 3.0, or 4.5 g VA/d for 9 d. All diets contained equal amounts of macronutrients and differed only in their fatty acid compositions. The fats were mixed into conventional foods, and nearly all food was provided during the study.Results The proportion of VA in serum total fatty acids increased 94%, 307%, and 620% above baseline with the 1.5-, 3.0-, and 4.5-g diets, respectively. This was associated with a linear increase in the proportion of RA. The conversion rate was 19% on average, with significant interindividual differences with all 3 intakes of VA. The urinary excretion of 8-iso-prostaglandin F(2alpha) increased in all groups (P < 0.001).Conclusions The results quantify the desaturation of VA to RA in humans. Conversion is likely to contribute significantly to the amount of RA available to the body, and dietary intakes of VA should thus be taken into account when predicting RA status.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Notably, CLA is distinct from octadeca-(9Z,12Z)-dienoic acid (linoleic acid, LA) by having a conjugated rather than methylene-interrupted diene.”
From Conjugated linoleic acid is a preferential substrate for fatty acid nitration (2012) · cites this paper as [6]
Citations
Cites
A SIMPLE METHOD FOR THE ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF TOTAL LIPIDES FROM ANIMAL TISSUES
Folch, J., Lees, M., & Stanley, G. H. S. (1957) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)64849-5 · Cited by 65,189
Havel, R. J., Eder, H. A., & Bragdon, J. H. (1955) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci103182 · Cited by 8,737
Conjugated Linoleic Acid Is Synthesized Endogenously in Lactating Dairy Cows by Δ9-Desaturase
Griinari, J. M., Nurmela, K., Corl, B. A., Lacy, S. H., Chouinard, P. Y., & Bauman, D. E. (2000) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/130.9.2285 · Cited by 1,054
Measurement of F2-isoprostanes as an index of oxidative stress in vivo
Roberts, L. J., & Morrow, J. D. (2000) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0891-5849(99)00264-6 · Cited by 1,000
Conjugated linoleic acid and atherosclerosis in rabbits
Lee, K. N., Kritchevsky, D., & Parizaa, M. W. (1994) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/0021-9150(94)90034-5 · Cited by 998
Analysis of Long-Chain Fatty Acids by Gas-Liquid Chromatography
Stoffel, W., Chu, F., & Ahrens, E. H. (1959) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ac60146a047 · Cited by 930
Mammary cancer prevention by conjugated dienoic derivative of linoleic acid.
Ip, C., Chin, S. F., Scimeca, J. A., & Pariza, M. W. (1991) · PubMed · Cited by 743
Advances in Conjugated Linoleic Acid Research
Sébédio, J., Christie, W. W., & Adlof, R. O. (2020) · AOCS Publishing eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780429270703 · Cited by 710
Intermediates and Products of the Biohydrogenation of Linoleic Acid by Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens
Kepler, C. R., Hirons, K. P., McNeill, J. J., & Tove, S. B. (1966) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)96781-5 · Cited by 693
Ha, Y. L., STORKSON, J. M., & Pariza, M. W. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 669
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Physico-chemical characteristics of goat and sheep milk
Park, Y. W., Juárez, M., Ramos, M., & Haenlein, G. F. W. (2006) · Small Ruminant Research · doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2006.09.013 · Cited by 1,430
“…of TVA lies in its role as a precursor in the synthesis of the main isomer of the nutritionally valuable conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), rumenic acid (RA) (cis-9 trans-11C18:2), which occurs in the mammary gland (Griinari and Bauman, 1999) and also in some human tissues (Turpeinen et al., 2002).”
BackgroundBovine milk in human nutrition – a review
Haug, A., Høstmark, A. T., & Harstad, O. M. (2007) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/1476-511x-6-25 · Cited by 1,243
Red meat consumption: An overview of the risks and benefits
Yeates, A. J., McSorley, E. M., Cuskelly, G. J., MOSS, B. W., Wallace, J. M. W., Bonham, M. P., & Fearon, A. M. (2009) · Meat Science · doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.08.029 · Cited by 839
“, 2007), it is largely unknown whether these physiological doses might have biological effects in humans (Turpeinen et al., 2002).”
InfluentialFatty acids in bovine milk fat
Månsson, H. L. (2008) · Food & Nutrition Research · doi:10.3402/fnr.v52i0.1821 · Cited by 629
“Animal studies and new human data have confirmed the bioconversion of VA into CLA (21, 22).”
BackgroundModifying milk fat composition of dairy cows to enhance fatty acids beneficial to human health
Lock, A. L., & Bauman, D. E. (2004) · Lipids · doi:10.1007/s11745-004-1348-6 · Cited by 619
Metadata
- Authors
- Turpeinen, A. M., Mutanen, M., Aro, A., Salminen, I., Basu, S., Palmquist, D. L., & Griinari, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Uppsala University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Turpeinen, Anu M
- ORCID
- Turpeinen, Anu M
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-09
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 504-510
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1942808992
- Cited by
- 495
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 34
- FWCI
- 16.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- STM:n Hallinnonalan avoin julkaisuarkisto (Julkari) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Keywords
- vaccenic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, rumenic acid, delta-9 desaturase, biotransformation, trans fatty acids, dietary intake, serum fatty acids, ruminant fat, oleic acid
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Animals, Diet, Dietary Fats, Fatty Acids, Female, Humans, Kinetics, Lipids, Lipoproteins, VLDL, Male, Oleic Acids, Rumen, Stearic Acids, Triglycerides, Dinoprost, Linoleic Acid, F2-Isoprostanes
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
