Cited by 378Impact of Technology on AdolescentsDigital Media and PhilosophyHealth disparities and outcomes

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Association of Facebook Use With Compromised Well-Being: A Longitudinal Study

Shakya, Holly B., Christakis, Nicholas A.·2017·American Journal of Epidemiology

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Abstract

Face-to-face social interactions enhance well-being. With the ubiquity of social media, important questions have arisen about the impact of online social interactions. In the present study, we assessed the associations of both online and offline social networks with several subjective measures of well-being. We used 3 waves (2013, 2014, and 2015) of data from 5,208 subjects in the nationally representative Gallup Panel Social Network Study survey, including social network measures, in combination with objective measures of Facebook use. We investigated the associations of Facebook activity and real-world social network activity with self-reported physical health, self-reported mental health, self-reported life satisfaction, and body mass index. Our results showed that overall, the use of Facebook was negatively associated with well-being. For example, a 1-standard-deviation increase in "likes clicked" (clicking "like" on someone else's content), "links clicked" (clicking a link to another site or article), or "status updates" (updating one's own Facebook status) was associated with a decrease of 5%-8% of a standard deviation in self-reported mental health. These associations were robust to multivariate cross-sectional analyses, as well as to 2-wave prospective analyses. The negative associations of Facebook use were comparable to or greater in magnitude than the positive impact of offline interactions, which suggests a possible tradeoff between offline and online relationship…

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Authors: Shakya, H. B., & Christakis, N. A.
Affiliations: Yale University (US)
Corresponding author: Shakya, Holly B.
ORCID: Shakya, Holly B.
Christakis, Nicholas A.
Venue: American Journal of Epidemiology
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2017-01-16
Volume: 185
Issue: 3
Pages: 203-211
ISSN: 0002-9262 (ISSN-L)
1476-6256
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kww189
OpenAlex: W2573955387
Cited by: 378
References: 41
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 72 · 2019: 46 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 11
FWCI: 83.88
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: American Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
Social Sciences › Communication › Digital Media and Philosophy
Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
Keywords: Facebook use, social media, well-being, mental health, life satisfaction, physical health, body mass index, social networking sites, offline social interaction, social network activity, status updates
MeSH terms: Health Status, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Longitudinal Studies, Mental Health, Personal Satisfaction, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Behavior, United States, Body Mass Index, Multivariate Analysis, Linear Models, Self Report, Social Networking, Social Media

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Association of Facebook Use With Compromised Well-Being: A Longitudinal Study

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