Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 336

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 46 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Validation of the Oxford WebQ Online 24-Hour Dietary Questionnaire Using Biomarkers

Open access
Greenwood, Darren C, Hardie, Laura J, Frost, Gary S, Alwan, Nisreen A, Bradbury, Kathryn E, Carter, Michelle, Elliott, Paul, Evans, Charlotte E L, Ford, Heather E, Hancock, Neil, Key, Timothy J, Liu, Bette, Morris, Michelle A, Mulla, Umme Z, Petropoulou, Katerina, Potter, Gregory D M, Riboli, Elio, Young, Heather, Wark, Petra A, Cade, Janet E·2019·American Journal of Epidemiology

Abstract

The Oxford WebQ is an online 24-hour dietary questionnaire that is appropriate for repeated administration in large-scale prospective studies, including the UK Biobank study and the Million Women Study. We compared the performance of the Oxford WebQ and a traditional interviewer-administered multiple-pass 24-hour dietary recall against biomarkers for protein, potassium, and total sugar intake and total energy expenditure estimated by accelerometry. We recruited 160 participants in London, United Kingdom, between 2014 and 2016 and measured their biomarker levels at 3 nonconsecutive time points. The measurement error model simultaneously compared all 3 methods. Attenuation factors for protein, potassium, total sugar, and total energy intakes estimated as the mean of 2 applications of the Oxford WebQ were 0.37, 0.42, 0.45, and 0.31, respectively, with performance improving incrementally for the mean of more measures. Correlation between the mean value from 2 Oxford WebQs and estimated true intakes, reflecting attenuation when intake is categorized or ranked, was 0.47, 0.39, 0.40, and 0.38, respectively, also improving with repeated administration. These correlations were similar to those of the more administratively burdensome interviewer-based recall. Using objective biomarkers as the standard, the Oxford WebQ performs well across key nutrients in comparison with more administratively burdensome interviewer-based 24-hour recalls. Attenuation improves when the average value is taken over repeated administrations, reducing measurement error bias in assessment of diet-disease associations.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/aje/kwz165

Cites

46 of 46 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 46 references

Cited by

See all 336

Metadata

Authors
Greenwood, D. C., Hardie, L. J., Frost, G. S., Alwan, N. A., Bradbury, K. E., Carter, M., Elliott, P., Evans, C. E. L., Ford, H. E., Hancock, N., Key, T. J., Liu, B., Morris, M. A., Mulla, U. Z., Petropoulou, K., Potter, G. D. M., Riboli, E., Young, H., Wark, P. A., & Cade, J. E.
Venue
American Journal of Epidemiology
Published
2019-07-18
Volume
188
Issue
10
Pages
1858-1867
ISSN
  • 0002-9262 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-6256
OpenAlex
W2963525085
Cited by
336
References
46
FWCI
13.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Validation of the Oxford WebQ Online 24-Hour Dietary Questionnaire Using Biomarkers. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/aje/kwz165
The paper
Greenwood, D. C., Hardie, L. J., Frost, G. S., Alwan, N. A., Bradbury, K. E., Carter, M., Elliott, P., Evans, C. E. L., Ford, H. E., Hancock, N., Key, T. J., Liu, B., Morris, M. A., Mulla, U. Z., Petropoulou, K., Potter, G. D. M., Riboli, E., Young, H., Wark, P. A., & Cade, J. E. (2019). Validation of the Oxford WebQ Online 24-Hour Dietary Questionnaire Using Biomarkers. American Journal of Epidemiology. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwz165

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.