Mediterranean diet adherence is associated with lower dementia risk, independent of genetic predisposition: findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study
Open accessAbstract
Background: The identification of effective dementia prevention strategies is a major public health priority, due to the enormous and growing societal cost of this condition. Consumption of a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been proposed to reduce dementia risk. However, current evidence is inconclusive and is typically derived from small cohorts with limited dementia cases. Additionally, few studies have explored the interaction between diet and genetic risk of dementia. Methods: We used Cox proportional hazard regression models to explore the associations between MedDiet adherence, defined using two different scores (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener [MEDAS] continuous and Mediterranean diet Pyramid [PYRAMID] scores), and incident all-cause dementia risk in 60,298 participants from UK Biobank, followed for an average 9.1 years. The interaction between diet and polygenic risk for dementia was also tested. Results: Higher MedDiet adherence was associated with lower dementia risk (MEDAS continuous: HR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.65–0.91; PYRAMID: HR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.73–1.02 for highest versus lowest tertiles). There was no significant interaction between MedDiet adherence defined by the MEDAS continuous and PYRAMID scores and polygenic risk for dementia. Conclusions: Higher adherence to a MedDiet was associated with lower dementia risk, independent of genetic risk, underlining the importance of diet in dementia prevention interventions.
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A UKB study (n=60,298) reported adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with lower dementia risk independent of APOE status.
“In contrast, a UKB study (n=60,298, mean age at baseline 63.8, mean follow up 9.1 years) reported adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with lower dementia risk independent of APOE status. (327)”
From Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission (2024) · cites this paper as [327]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Shannon, O. M., Ranson, J. M., Gregory, S., Macpherson, H., Milte, C., Lentjes, M., Mulligan, A., McEvoy, C., Griffiths, A., Matu, J., Hill, T. R., Adamson, A., Siervo, M., Minihane, A. M., Muniz-Tererra, G., Ritchie, C., Mathers, J. C., Llewellyn, D. J., & Stevenson, E.
- Affiliations
- Newcastle University (GB)
- University of Exeter (GB)
- University of Edinburgh (GB)
- Deakin University (AU)
- Örebro University (SE)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Queen's University Belfast (GB)
- Leeds Beckett University (GB)
- University of Nottingham (GB)
- University of East Anglia (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Mathers, John C.
- ORCID
- Venue
- BMC Medicine
- Published
- 2023-03-14
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 81-81
- ISSN
- 1741-7015 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10012551
- OpenAlex
- W4324029343
- Cited by
- 167
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 43 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 13
- FWCI
- 42.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- BMC Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Leeds Beckett Repository (Leeds Beckett University) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Apollo (University of Cambridge) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Apollo
- Funders
- Medical Research Council (MR/T001852/1)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Keywords
- Mediterranean diet, dietary adherence, dementia risk, dementia prevention, polygenic risk, genetic susceptibility, Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener, Mediterranean diet pyramid, UK Biobank
- MeSH terms
- Dementia, United Kingdom, Humans, Prospective Studies, Biological Specimen Banks, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Diet, Mediterranean
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