Cited by 632Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationPain Mechanisms and TreatmentsPain Management and Opioid Use

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 81 of the 83 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Chronic pain epidemiology and its clinical relevance

Open access

van Hecke, O, Torrance, N, Smith, B.H.·2013·British Journal of Anaesthesia

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Chronic pain affects ∼20% of the European population and is commoner in women, older people, and with relative deprivation. Its management in the community remains generally unsatisfactory, partly because of lack of evidence for effective interventions. Epidemiological study of chronic pain, through an understanding of its distribution and determinants, can inform the development, targeting, and evaluation of interventions in the general population. This paper reviews current knowledge of risk markers associated with chronic pain and considers how these might inform management and prevention. Risk factors include socio-demographic, clinical, psychological, and biological factors. These are relevant to our understanding of chronic pain mechanisms and the nature of, and responses to, current and future treatments.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/bja/aet123

Cites

81 of 81 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Survey of chronic pain in Europe: Prevalence, impact on daily life, and treatment
Breivik, H., Collett, B., Ventafridda, V., Cohen, R., & Gallacher, D. (2006) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2005.06.009 · Cited by 5,486
Classification of Chronic Pain: Descriptions of Chronic Pain Syndromes and Definitions of Pain Terms
Merskey, H. (1994) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 3,362
Human brain mechanisms of pain perception and regulation in health and disease
Apkarian, A. V., Bushnell, M. C., Treede, R., & Zubieta, J. (2005) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2004.11.001 · Cited by 3,126
Classification of chronic pain
Merskey, H. (1994) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,952
A Dictionary of Epidemiology
Porta, M. (2026) · doi:10.1093/acref/9780197663639.001.0001 · Cited by 2,175
Intimate partner violence and women's physical and mental health in the WHO multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence: an observational study
Ellsberg, M., Jansen, H. A., Heise, L., Watts, C. H., & Garcia-Moreno, C. (2008) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)60522-x · Cited by 1,820
Comparison of stratified primary care management for low back pain with current best practice (STarT Back): a randomised controlled trial
Hill, J. C., Whitehurst, D. G., Lewis, M., Bryan, S., Dunn, K. M., Foster, N. E., Konstantinou, K., Main, C. J., Mason, E., Somerville, S., et al. (2011) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60937-9 · Cited by 1,306
The epidemiology of chronic pain in the community
Elliott, A. M., Smith, B. H., Penny, K. I., Smith, W. C., & Chambers, W. A. (1999) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(99)03057-3 · Cited by 1,191
Self-citation
A Comprehensive Review of the Placebo Effect: Recent Advances and Current Thought
Price, D. D., Finniss, D. G., & Benedetti, F. (2008) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.59.113006.095941 · Cited by 1,146
Studying sex and gender differences in pain and analgesia: a consensus report
Greenspan, J. D., Craft, R. M., LeResche, L., Arendt-Nielsen, L., Berkley, K. J., Fillingim, R. B., Gold, M. S., Holdcroft, A., Lautenbacher, S., Mayer, E. A., et al. (2007) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2007.10.014 · Cited by 1,033
Pain catastrophizing and neural responses to pain among persons with fibromyalgia
Gracely, R. H. (2004) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awh098 · Cited by 892
Sex differences in pain perception
Wiesenfeld‐Hallin, Z. (2005) · Gender Medicine · doi:10.1016/s1550-8579(05)80042-7 · Cited by 606
Brain gray matter decrease in chronic pain is the consequence and not the cause of pain
Rodriguez-Raecke, R., Niemeier, A., Ihle, K., Ruether, W., & May, A. (2009) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3687-09.2009 · Cited by 527
The association between health care professional attitudes and beliefs and the attitudes and beliefs, clinical management, and outcomes of patients with low back pain: A systematic review
Darlow, B. J. S., Fullen, B. M., Dean, S. G., Hurley, D. A., Baxter, D. G., & Dowell, A. C. (2011) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2011.06.006 · Cited by 496
Modulation of pain by estrogens
Craft, R. M. (2007) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2007.09.028 · Cited by 466
How neuroimaging studies have challenged us to rethink: Is chronic pain a disease?
Tracey, I., & Bushnell, M. C. (2009) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2009.09.001 · Cited by 455
A systematic literature review of 10 years of research on sex/gender and pain perception – Part 2: Do biopsychosocial factors alter pain sensitivity differently in women and men?
Racine, M., Tousignant-Laflamme, Y., Kloda, L. A., Dion, D., Dupuis, G., & Choinière, M. (2012) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2011.11.026 · Cited by 451
Optimized Antidepressant Therapy and Pain Self-management in Primary Care Patients With Depression and Musculoskeletal Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Kroenke, K., Bair, M. J., Damush, T. M., Wu, J., Hoke, S., Sutherland, J., & Tu, W. (2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.723 · Cited by 447
Cohort Profile: Generation Scotland: Scottish Family Health Study (GS:SFHS). The study, its participants and their potential for genetic research on health and illness
Smith, B. H., Campbell, A., Linksted, P., Fitzpatrick, B., Jackson, C., Kerr, S. M., Deary, I. J., MacIntyre, D. J., Campbell, H., McGilchrist, M., et al. (2013) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dys084 · Cited by 401
Self-citation
Untitled work
(1994) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 393
The course of chronic pain in the community: Results of a 4-year follow-up study
Elliott, A. M., Smith, B. H., Hannaford, P. C., Smith, W. C., & Chambers, W. A. (2002) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(02)00138-0 · Cited by 384
Self-citation
Does back pain prevalence really decrease with increasing age? A systematic review
Dionne, C. E., Dunn, K. M., & Croft, P. R. (2006) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afj055 · Cited by 384
Individual differences in pain sensitivity: Genetic and environmental contributions
Nielsen, C. S., Stubhaug, A., Price, D. D., Vassend, O. M., Czajkowski, N. O., & Harris, J. R. (2007) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2007.06.008 · Cited by 334
Collaborative Care for Chronic Pain in Primary Care: A Cluster Randomized Trial
Dobscha, S. K., Corson, K., Perrin, N. A., Hanson, G. C., Leibowitz, R. Q., Doak, M. N., Dickinson, K. C., Sullivan, M. D., & Gerrity, M. S. (2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.377 · Cited by 330
Pain genetics: past, present and future
Mogil, J. S. (2012) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.tig.2012.02.004 · Cited by 318
Dictionary of Epidemiology
Last, J. M. (1993) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech.47.5.430 · Cited by 306
Thalamic atrophy associated with painful osteoarthritis of the hip is reversible after arthroplasty: A longitudinal voxel‐based morphometric study
Gwilym, S. E., Filippini, N., Douaud, G., Carr, A. J., & Tracey, I. (2010) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.27585 · Cited by 302
Association of Major Depressive Disorder With Altered Functional Brain Response During Anticipation and Processing of Heat Pain
Strigo, I. A., Simmons, A. N., Matthews, S. C., Craig, A. D. B., & Paulus, M. P. (2008) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.65.11.1275 · Cited by 277
Severe chronic pain is associated with increased 10 year mortality. A cohort record linkage study
Torrance, N., Elliott, A. M., Lee, A. J., & Smith, B. H. (2010) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2009.07.006 · Cited by 276
Self-citation
Differences in brain responses to visceral pain between patients with irritable bowel syndrome and ulcerative colitis
Mayer, E. A., Berman, S. M., Suyenobu, B. Y., Labus, J. S., Mandelkern, M. A., Naliboff, B. D., & Chang, L. (2005) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2005.03.023 · Cited by 275
Unpacking the burden: Understanding the relationships between chronic pain and comorbidity in the general population
Dominick, C. H., Blyth, F., & Nicholas, M. K. (2011) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2011.09.018 · Cited by 262
Self-management of chronic pain: a population-based study
Blyth, F., MARCH, L. M., Nicholas, M. K., & Cousins, M. J. (2004) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2004.12.004 · Cited by 243
Expectancy, fear and pain in the prediction of chronic pain and disability: a prospective analysis
Boersma, K., & Linton, S. J. (2006) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2005.08.004 · Cited by 224
Genetic architecture of human pain perception
Diatchenko, L. B., Nackley, A. G., Tchivileva, I. E., Shabalina, S. A., & Maixner, W. D. (2007) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.tig.2007.09.004 · Cited by 211
Fear-avoidance beliefs and pain avoidance in low back pain--translating research into clinical practice.
Rainville, J., Smeets, R., Bendix, T., Tveito, T., Poiraudeau, S., & Indahl, A. (2011) · The spine journal · doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2011.08.006 · Cited by 209
Changes in brain gray matter due to repetitive painful stimulation
Teutsch, S., Herken, W., Bingel, U., Schoell, E. D., & May, A. (2008) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.05.044 · Cited by 202
Childhood abuse, chronic pain, and depression in the National Comorbidity Survey
Sachs‐Ericsson, N., Kendall-Tackett, K. A., & Hernandez, A. (2007) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2006.12.007 · Cited by 201
Socioeconomic disadvantage and pain
Poleshuck, E. L., & Green, C. R. (2008) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2008.04.003 · Cited by 196
Heritability of responses to painful stimuli in women: a classical twin study
Norbury, T. A., MacGregor, A. J., Urwin, J., Spector, T. D., & McMahon, S. B. (2007) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awm233 · Cited by 190
Chronic widespread pain: a three year followup of pain distribution and risk factors.
Bergman, S., Herrström, P., Jacobsson, L., & Petersson, I. F. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 184
Severity of musculoskeletal pain: relations to socioeconomic inequality
Brekke, M., Hjortdahl, P., & Kvien, T. K. (2002) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(01)00018-1 · Cited by 183
The course of non-malignant chronic pain: A 12-year follow-up of a cohort from the general population
Andersson, H. I. (2004) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/s1090-3801(03)00064-8 · Cited by 181
Recurrent pain in children, socio-economic factors and accumulation in families
Grøholt, E.-K., Stigum, H., Nordhagen, R., & Köhler, L. (2003) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1023/a:1025889912964 · Cited by 164
Vitamin D and chronic pain
Straube, S., Moore, A. R., Derry, S., & McQuay, H. J. (2008) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2008.11.010 · Cited by 156
Increased Prefrontal Activation During Pain Perception in Major Depression
Bär, K., Wagner, G., Koschke, M., Boettger, S., Boettger, M. K., Schlösser, R. G. M., & Sauer, H. (2007) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.02.011 · Cited by 147
Current challenges in translational pain research
Mao, J. (2012) · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tips.2012.08.001 · Cited by 136
Cross-sectional analysis of the influence of currently known pharmacogenetic modulators on opioid therapy in outpatient pain centers
Lötsch, J., von Hentig, N., Freynhagen, R., Grießinger, N., Zimmermann, M., Doehring, A., Rohrbacher, M., Sittl, R., & Geißlinger, G. (2009) · Pharmacogenetics and Genomics · doi:10.1097/fpc.0b013e32832b89da · Cited by 124
Experience and Management of Chronic Pain Among Patients With Other Complex Chronic Conditions
Butchart, A., Kerr, E. A., Heisler, M., Piette, J. D., & Krein, S. L. (2009) · The Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0b013e31818bf574 · Cited by 124
Do psychological factors predict outcome in both low-back pain and shoulder pain?
van der Windt, D., Kuijpers, T., Jellema, P., van der Heijden, G. J. M. G., & Bouter, L. M. (2006) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/ard.2006.053553 · Cited by 123
Population based intervention to change back pain beliefs: three year follow up population survey
Buchbinder, R., & Jolley, D. (2004) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.328.7435.321 · Cited by 122
Factors Related to the Onset and Persistence of Chronic Back Pain in the Community
Smith, B. H., Elliott, A. M., Hannaford, P. C., Chambers, W. A., & Smith, W. C. (2004) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-200405010-00016 · Cited by 118
Self-citation
Reducing sickness absence from work due to low back pain: how well do intervention strategies match modifiable risk factors?
Shaw, W. S., Linton, S. J., & Pransky, G. (2006) · Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation · doi:10.1007/s10926-006-9061-0 · Cited by 115
Genome-wide association study meta-analysis of chronic widespread pain: evidence for involvement of the 5p15.2 region
Peters, M., Broer, L., Willemen, H., Eiriksdottir, G., Hocking, L., Holliday, K., Horan, M., Meulenbelt, I., Neogi, T., Popham, M., et al. (2012) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201742 · Cited by 115
Self-citation
The genetic influence on radiographic osteoarthritis is site specific at the hand, hip and knee
MacGregor, A. J., Li, Q., Spector, T. D., & Williams, F. M. K. (2008) · Lara D. Veeken · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/ken475 · Cited by 110
An additional dimension to health inequalities: disease severity and socioeconomic position.
Eachus, J., Chan, P. V., Pearson, N., Propper, C., & Smith, G. D. (1999) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech.53.10.603 · Cited by 106
The effect of age on the onset of pain interference in a general population of older adults: Prospective findings from the North Staffordshire Osteoarthritis Project (NorStOP)
Thomas, E., Mottram, S., Peat, G., Wilkie, R., & Croft, P. R. (2006) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2006.09.027 · Cited by 102
Genetic variation in the beta2-adrenergic receptor but not catecholamine- O -methyltransferase predisposes to chronic pain: Results from the 1958 British Birth Cohort Study
Hocking, L. J., Smith, B. H., Jones, G. T., Reid, D. M., Strachan, D. P., & Macfarlane, G. J. (2010) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2010.01.023 · Cited by 95
Self-citation
Epidemiology of chronic pain, from the laboratory to the bus stop: time to add understanding of biological mechanisms to the study of risk factors in population-based research?
Smith, B. H., Macfarlane, G. J., & Torrance, N. (2006) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2006.11.001 · Cited by 92
Self-citation
Heritability of chronic pain in 2195 extended families
Hocking, L. J., Scotland, G., Morris, A. D., Dominiczak, A. F., Porteous, D. J., & Smith, B. H. (2012) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/j.1532-2149.2011.00095.x · Cited by 91
Self-citation
Are sleep problems and non-specific health complaints risk factors for chronic pain? A prospective population-based study with 17 year follow-up
Nitter, A. K., Pripp, A. H., & Forseth, K. Ø. (2012) · Scandinavian Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.sjpain.2012.04.001 · Cited by 81
Epigenetic programming of μ‐opioid receptor gene in mouse brain is regulated by MeCP2 and brg1 chromatin remodelling factor
Hwang, C. K., Song, K. Y., Kim, C. S., Choi, H. S., Guo, X., Law, P., Wei, L., & Loh, H. H. (2008) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2008.00535.x · Cited by 66
Neck and upper limb pain: more pain is associated with psychological distress and consultation rate in primary care.
van der Windt, D., Croft, P. R., & Penninx, B. W. J. H. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 65
Chronic pain – Is it a public health problem?
Blyth, F. (2008) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2008.04.013 · Cited by 64
Management of chronic pain in primary care
Smith, B. H., & Torrance, N. (2011) · Current Opinion in Supportive & Palliative Care · doi:10.1097/spc.0b013e328345a3ec · Cited by 63
Self-citation
Frequency and Priority of Pain Patients' Health Care Use
Korff, M. V., Lin, E. H. B., Fenton, J. J., & Saunders, K. W. (2007) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0b013e31804ac020 · Cited by 62
Chronic Pain Epidemiology: From Aetiology to Public Health
Blyth, F., & Croft, P. R. (2010) · Cited by 62
Chronic Pain Epidemiology from Aetiology to Public Health
Williams, N. H. (2011) · Occupational Medicine · doi:10.1093/occmed/kqr002 · Cited by 58
Neuroethical issues related to the use of brain imaging: Can we and should we use brain imaging as a biomarker to diagnose chronic pain?
Davis, K. D., Racine, É., & Collett, B. (2012) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2012.02.037 · Cited by 54
Neuroimaging of pain: what does it tell us?
Davis, K. D. (2011) · Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care · doi:10.1097/spc.0b013e3283458f96 · Cited by 51
Telomeres and epigenetics: potential relevance to chronic pain
Sibille, K. T., Witek-Janusek, L., Mathews, H. L., & Fillingim, R. B. (2012) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2012.06.003 · Cited by 45
TRP channel antagonists for pain--opportunities beyond TRPV1.
Bevan, S., & Andersson, D. A. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 39
Pain and mortality risk among elderly persons in Sweden
Kåreholt, I., & Brattberg, G. (1998) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(98)00103-1 · Cited by 37
Whether the weather influences pain? Results from the EpiFunD study in North West England
Macfarlane, T. V., McBeth, J., Jones, G. T., Nicholl, B. I., & Macfarlane, G. J. (2010) · Lara D. Veeken · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keq099 · Cited by 37
Prediction of outcome in patients presenting with fatigue in primary care
Nijrolder, I., van der Windt, D., & van der Horst, H. E. (2009) · British Journal of General Practice · doi:10.3399/bjgp09x420329 · Cited by 34
The global occurrence of chronic pain: an introduction
Croft, P. R., Blyth, F., & van der Windt, D. (2010) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199235766.003.0002 · Cited by 33
Pain and subsequent mortality and cancer among women in the Royal College of General Practitioners Oral Contraception Study.
Smith, B. H., Elliott, A. M., & Hannaford, P. C. (2003) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 27
Self-citation
Neuroimaging as a tool to investigate how cognitive factors influence analgesic drug outcomes
Bingel, U., Tracey, I., & Wiech, K. (2012) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2012.04.043 · Cited by 27
Effective neuropathic pain relief through sciatic nerve administration of GAD65-expressing rAAV2
Kim, J., Kim, S. J., Lee, H., & Chang, J. W. (2009) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.07.120 · Cited by 25
Introduction to chronic pain as a public health problem
Blyth, F., van der Windt, D., & Croft, P. R. (2010) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199235766.003.0022 · Cited by 13
The Genetic Epidemiology of Pain
MacGregor, A. J., & Reavley, C. M. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-78323-9_3 · Cited by 3
Do Common Symptoms in Childhood Increase the Risk of Chronic Widespread Pain in Adults? Data from the 1958 British Birth Cohort Study
Jones, G. T., Macfarlane, G. J., Silman, A. J., & Power, C. (2006) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/163.suppl_11.s14-b · Cited by 3

Flagged first, then by citations

2 of the 83 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Sorted by citations

Chronic pain: a review of its epidemiology and associated factors in population-based studies
Mills, S. E. E., Nicolson, K. P., & Smith, B. H. (2019) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1016/j.bja.2019.03.023 · Cited by 1,728
“biological factors.(8) Insight into these risk factors will allow the identification of specific prevention and management approaches that take into account these predisposing factors and the impact of pain on those affected.”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Descending pain modulation and chronification of pain
Ossipov, M. H., Morimura, K., & Porreca, F. (2014) · Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care · doi:10.1097/spc.0000000000000055 · Cited by 875
Physical activity and exercise for chronic pain in adults: an overview of Cochrane Reviews
Geneen, L. J., Moore, R. A., Clarke, C., Martin, D., Colvin, L. A., & Smith, B. H. (2017) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011279.pub2 · Cited by 719
Self-citation
Perioperative opioid analgesia—when is enough too much? A review of opioid-induced tolerance and hyperalgesia
Colvin, L., Bull, F. A., & Hales, T. G. (2019) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(19)30430-1 · Cited by 602
Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques for chronic pain
O'Connell, N. E., Wand, B. M., Marston, L., Spencer, S., & DeSouza, L. (2014) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd008208.pub3 · Cited by 488

See all 632

Authors: van Hecke, O., Torrance, N., & Smith, B. H.
Affiliations: University of Dundee (GB)
Corresponding author: Smith, B.H.
ORCID: Torrance, N
Smith, B.H.
Venue: British Journal of Anaesthesia
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-07
Volume: 111
Issue: 1
Pages: 13-18
ISSN: 0007-0912 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1093/bja/aet123
OpenAlex: W1972647407
Cited by: 632
References: 83
Citations by year: 2026: 22 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 59 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 58 · 2021: 77 · 2020: 72 · 2019: 61 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 2
FWCI: 3.79
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 1617 d)
Locations: British Journal of Anaesthesia (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Opioid Use
Keywords: chronic pain, pain epidemiology, risk factors, sociodemographic factors, psychological factors, biological factors, pain prevention, pain management, women, older adults, relative deprivation
MeSH terms: Age Factors, Mental Disorders, Europe, Female, Humans, Male, Pain Measurement, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Comorbidity, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Chronic Pain

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Chronic pain epidemiology and its clinical relevance

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks