Electroencephalographic source imaging: a prospective study of 152 operated epileptic patients
Open accessAbstract
Electroencephalography is mandatory to determine the epilepsy syndrome. However, for the precise localization of the irritative zone in patients with focal epilepsy, costly and sometimes cumbersome imaging techniques are used. Recent small studies using electric source imaging suggest that electroencephalography itself could be used to localize the focus. However, a large prospective validation study is missing. This study presents a cohort of 152 operated patients where electric source imaging was applied as part of the pre-surgical work-up allowing a comparison with the results from other methods. Patients (n = 152) with >1 year postoperative follow-up were studied prospectively. The sensitivity and specificity of each imaging method was defined by comparing the localization of the source maximum with the resected zone and surgical outcome. Electric source imaging had a sensitivity of 84% and a specificity of 88% if the electroencephalogram was recorded with a large number of electrodes (128-256 channels) and the individual magnetic resonance image was used as head model. These values compared favourably with those of structural magnetic resonance imaging (76% sensitivity, 53% specificity), positron emission tomography (69% sensitivity, 44% specificity) and ictal/interictal single-photon emission-computed tomography (58% sensitivity, 47% specificity). The sensitivity and specificity of electric source imaging decreased to 57% and 59%, respectively, with low number of electrodes (<32 channels) and a template head model. This study demonstrated the validity and clinical utility of electric source imaging in a large prospective study. Given the low cost and high flexibility of electroencephalographic systems even with high channel counts, we conclude that electric source imaging is a highly valuable tool in pre-surgical epilepsy evaluation.
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Electrophysiological source imaging has been widely used in epilepsy source localization, including inter-ictal discharges.
“ESI has been widely used in epilepsy source localization, including inter-ictal discharges (76–81).”
From Electrophysiological source imaging: A noninvasive window to brain dynamics (2018) · cites this paper as [78]
In a study with over 150 patients, source imaging using high density EEG recordings had higher sensitivity and specificity compared to other imaging modalities such as MRI and PET.
“It has been shown in a study with over 150 patients that source imaging using high density EEG recordings, has higher sensitivity and specificity compared to other imaging modalities such as MRI and PET (78).”
From Electrophysiological source imaging: A noninvasive window to brain dynamics (2018) · cites this paper as [78]
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- Authors
- Brodbeck, V., Spinelli, L., Lascano, A. M., Wissmeier, M., Vargas, M.-I., Vulliemoz, S., Pollo, C., Schaller, K., Michel, C. M., & Seeck, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Geneva (CH)
- University Hospital of Geneva (CH)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Seeck, M.
- Venue
- Brain
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2011-10-01
- Volume
- 134
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2887-2897
- ISSN
- 0006-8950 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2156
- PMC
- PMC3187544
- OpenAlex
- W2134353725
- Cited by
- 427
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 14.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Brain (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (publishedVersion)
- reroDoc Digital Library (submittedVersion)
- IRIS (submittedVersion)
- SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (33CM30, 124089, 122073, 320030)
- Centre d'Imagerie BioMédicale
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Epilepsy research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Neurological disorders and treatments
- Keywords
- EEG source localization, focal epilepsy, epileptic focus localization, preoperative assessment, surgical outcomes, PET, SPECT, sensitivity and specificity, epilepsy surgery
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Child, Child, Preschool, Electroencephalography, Epilepsy, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Radionuclide Imaging, Sensitivity and Specificity, Reproducibility of Results, Databases, Factual
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