The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Comparative Replication and Immune Activation Profiles of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV in Human Lungs: An Ex Vivo Study With Implications for the Pathogenesis of COVID-19
Open accessAbstract
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging coronavirus that has resulted in more than 2 000 000 laboratory-confirmed cases including over 145 000 deaths. Although SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV share a number of common clinical manifestations, SARS-CoV-2 appears to be highly efficient in person-to-person transmission and frequently causes asymptomatic or presymptomatic infections. However, the underlying mechanisms that confer these viral characteristics of high transmissibility and asymptomatic infection remain incompletely understood. Methods: We comprehensively investigated the replication, cell tropism, and immune activation profile of SARS-CoV-2 infection in human lung tissues with SARS-CoV included as a comparison. Results: SARS-CoV-2 infected and replicated in human lung tissues more efficiently than SARS-CoV. Within the 48-hour interval, SARS-CoV-2 generated 3.20-fold more infectious virus particles than did SARS-CoV from the infected lung tissues (P < .024). SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV were similar in cell tropism, with both targeting types I and II pneumocytes and alveolar macrophages. Importantly, despite the more efficient virus replication, SARS-CoV-2 did not significantly induce types I, II, or III interferons in the infected human lung tissues. In addition, while SARS-CoV infection upregulated the expression of 11 out of 13 (84.62%) representative proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines, SARS-CoV-2 infection only upregulated 5 of these 13 (38.46%) key inflammatory mediators despite replicating more efficiently. Conclusions: Our study provides the first quantitative data on the comparative replication capacity and immune activation profile of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infection in human lung tissues. Our results provide important insights into the pathogenesis, high transmissibility, and asymptomatic infection of SARS-CoV-2.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China
Guan, W.-J., Ni, Z.-Y., Hu, Y., Liang, W.-H., Ou, C.-Q., He, J.-X., Liu, L., Shan, H., Lei, C.-L., Hui, D. S. C., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2002032 · Cited by 30,246
Self-citationChan, J. F.-W., Yuan, S., Kok, K.-H., To, K. K.-W., Chu, H., Yang, J., Xing, F., Liu, J., Yip, C. C.-Y., Poon, R. W.-S., et al. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30154-9 · Cited by 8,944
Self-citationTo, K. K.-W., Tsang, O. T.-Y., Leung, W.-S., Tam, A. R., Wu, T.-C., Lung, D. C., Yip, C. C.-Y., Cai, J.-P., Chan, J. M.-C., Chik, T. S.-H., et al. (2020) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30196-1 · Cited by 3,066
Self-citationChan, J. F.-W., Kok, K.-H., Zhu, Z., Chu, H., To, K. K.-W., Yuan, S., & Yuen, K.-Y. (2020) · Emerging Microbes & Infections · doi:10.1080/22221751.2020.1719902 · Cited by 3,059
Self-citationEffective treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with tocilizumab
Xu, X., Han, M., Li, T., Sun, W., Wang, D., Fu, B., Zhou, Y., Zheng, X., Yang, Y., Li, X., et al. (2020) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2005615117 · Cited by 2,647
Self-citationPeiris, J., Chu, C., Cheng, V., Chan, K., Hung, I., Poon, L., Law, K., Tang, B., Hon, T., Chan, C., et al. (2003) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13412-5 · Cited by 2,375
Self-citationConsistent Detection of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in Saliva
To, K. K.-W., Tsang, O. T.-Y., Yip, C. C.-Y., Chan, K.-H., Wu, T.-C., Chan, J. M.-C., Leung, W.-S., Chik, T. S.-H., Choi, C. Y.-C., Kandamby, D. H., et al. (2020) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa149 · Cited by 1,873
Self-citationTian, S., Hu, W., Niu, L., Liu, H., Xu, H., & Xiao, S.-Y. (2020) · Journal of Thoracic Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.jtho.2020.02.010 · Cited by 1,414
Epidemiology of Covid-19 in a Long-Term Care Facility in King County, Washington
McMichael, T. M., Currie, D. W., Clark, S., Pogosjans, S., Kay, M., Schwartz, N. G., Lewis, J., Baer, A., Kawakami, V., Lukoff, M. D., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2005412 · Cited by 1,319
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus as an agent of emerging and reemerging infection
Cheng, V. C. C., Lau, S. K. P., Woo, P. C. Y., & Yuen, K. Y. (2007) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00023-07 · Cited by 1,192
Self-citation
Cited by
Cell entry mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2
Shang, J., Wan, Y., Luo, C., Ye, G., Geng, Q., Auerbach, A., & Li, F. (2020) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2003138117 · Cited by 3,142
Impaired type I interferon activity and inflammatory responses in severe COVID-19 patients
Hadjadj, J., Yatim, N., Barnabei, L., Corneau, A., Boussier, J., Smith, N., Péré, H., Charbit, B., Bondet, V., Chenevier-Gobeaux, C., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abc6027 · Cited by 2,984
Immunology of COVID-19: Current State of the Science
Vabret, N., Britton, G. J., Gruber, C., Hegde, S., Kim, J., Kuksin, M., Levantovsky, R., Malle, L., Moreira, A., Park, M. D., et al. (2020) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2020.05.002 · Cited by 1,623
Hung, I. F.-N., Lung, K.-C., Tso, E. Y.-K., Liu, R., Chung, T. W.-H., Chu, M.-Y., Ng, Y.-Y., Lo, J., Chan, J., Tam, A. R., et al. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31042-4 · Cited by 1,455
Self-citationCoperchini, F., Chiovato, L., Croce, L., Magri, F., & Rotondi, M. (2020) · Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.05.003 · Cited by 1,288
Metadata
- Authors
- Chu, H., Chan, J. F.-W., Wang, Y., Yuen, T. T.-T., Chai, Y., Hou, Y., Shuai, H., Yang, D., Hu, B., Huang, X., Zhang, X., Cai, J.-P., Zhou, J., Yuan, S., Kok, K.-H., To, K. K.-W., Chan, I. H.-Y., Zhang, A. J., Sit, K.-Y., Au, W.-K., & Yuen, K.-Y.
- Venue
- Clinical Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2020-04-09
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1400-1409
- ISSN
- 1058-4838 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-6591
- OpenAlex
- W3015280639
- Cited by
- 667
- References
- 30
- FWCI
- 18.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Comparative Replication and Immune Activation Profiles of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV in Human Lungs: An Ex Vivo Study With Implications for the Pathogenesis of COVID-19. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/cid/ciaa410
- The paper
- Chu, H., Chan, J. F.-W., Wang, Y., Yuen, T. T.-T., Chai, Y., Hou, Y., Shuai, H., Yang, D., Hu, B., Huang, X., Zhang, X., Cai, J.-P., Zhou, J., Yuan, S., Kok, K.-H., To, K. K.-W., Chan, I. H.-Y., Zhang, A. J., Sit, K.-Y., . . . Yuen, K.-Y. (2020). Comparative Replication and Immune Activation Profiles of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV in Human Lungs: An Ex Vivo Study With Implications for the Pathogenesis of COVID-19. Clinical Infectious Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa410
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
